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EN
The paper presents the main theoretical and socio-political arguments that form the background for inclusion within education. Therefore, it highlights some of the serious issues of implementing the ideas of inclusion into education on a humanistic and democratic basis. What is particularly focused on are the specific competencies of teachers as the key players in inclusive education, as well as on the requirements of the management staffof educational institutions. The article presents some ways of solving these issues in the future mainly through the training and education of teachers.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano główne teoretyczne i socjopolityczne argumenty tworzące tło dla inkluzji edukacyjnej. Uwypuklono w tym zakresie niektóre ważne zagadnienia związane z implementacją idei inkluzji w edukacji na gruncie humanistycznym i demokratycznym. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na tzw. kluczowe kompetencje nauczycieli jako uczestników edukacji włączającej, a także na wymagania wobec personelu zarządzającego instytucjami oświatowymi. Artykuł prezentuje pewne sposoby rozwiązywania problemów w przyszłości, głównie poprzez edukację i szkolenie nauczycieli.
EN
A number of authors have looked into the problems involved in finding the most appropriate and fundamental competences and capablilities of a teacher that form the basis of his/her professionalism and are becoming more and more essential for changing attitudes towards requirements in the professional preparation and practice of a teacher. This trend has become evident since the 1990s with several overriding tendencies which can be easily identified. F. Oser’s model, which has been widely recognized across Europe, has been the main inspiration for the preparation of the Slovak approach towards teacher competences. The draft of the structure of a teacher competence profile in the Slovak Republic in accordance with European trends and documents is based on the teacher’s competence profile from the interactional model of education with the following three basic dimensions: the pupil, the teacher, and the teaching process which occurs between them. This is the basis for the teacher’s competence profile and it has now become a topic of public debate.
EN
The study builds on the article published by the authors in No. 3/20201.Its aim is to present further results of the international comparative analysis. The study deals with the revealed social context influencing younger pupils’ reading. Respondents’ statements were obtained through a questionnaire of own design. Items related to the social context arose from a qualitative analysis of focus interviews in the previous research phase. The research sample consisted of 693 Slovak, 254 Czech and 248 Polish pupils 9-10 years old. Findings showed differences between national groups. Pupils prefer reading with someone; mothers are the most important partners for sharing, fathers read slightly more often only to Polish pupils. Polish pupils prefer reading aloud in front of an audience the most. Teachers as partners for reading interests are the most prominent in the Polish group. The study presents findings and differences in international comparisons of the social context of younger pupils’ reading.
EN
The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of reading preferences of elementary school younger learners in Slovakia, Czech Republic and Poland. A questionnaire of own design was used, based on an initial exploration by means of focus interviews. Respondents were divided by their reading levels. The research sample consisted of 693 Slovak, 254 Czech and 248 Polish learners. Findings indicated similarities, but also considerable differences offering a possibility to draw knowledge on international research of learners’ reading preferences. The most important finding was the difference of the Polish sample correlating with the best results of Polish learners in international measurements.
EN
The study presents theoretical starting points and research approaches dedicated to the teaching profession in an international context. It provides interesting insights into the relationship between teachers’ workload and their life satisfaction. The research presented in this study is focused on primary and pre-primary teachers. The authors present the results of a theoretical survey of the current studies and identify the intents of the research objective. They plan to expand the research objective to include a comparison of cross-cultural data between teachers from Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic. The findings are intended to provide valuable knowledge and inspiration for improving the working conditions of teachers. In addition, they can contribute to the innovation of undergraduate teacher education and lifelong teacher education programs. The current international research is aimed to find out how teachers in the early stages of children’s education, i.e. teachers of primary and pre-primary education, manage the demands of their profession through the lens of their specific professional activities. Subsequently, the obtained results are compared with the feeling of satisfaction in their life. The aim of this research is to provide an international comparison of teachers from Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic.
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EN
Inclusive education is a controlled process that creates an environment for education and training, respect for diversity, abilities, and various educational needs of a child or pupil. It is topical in most countries’ professional and legislative discourse. It turns out that teachers’ attitudes are one of the main pillars of inclusive education policy implementation. The present research aimed to pursue connections and relationships between the teachers’ pro-inclusive attitudes, length of experience, and content of their learning activities. The research sample consisted of 926 kindergarten and elementary school teachers; the TAIS was used (Saloviita, 2015) as the research tool. Results showed that kindergarten teachers had more positive attitudes towards inclusive education than elementary school teachers. There are themes in education through which elementary school teachers can be developed pro-inclusive attitudes.
EN
The study presents the results of a partial investigation of the demandness of working activities as perceived by primary education teachers. It follows up on broader research contexts and is part of the VEGA 1/0415/22 project. The study presents correlations between teachers’ working activities being perceived as the highest load and the length of their teaching experience, age, and school location. The research results show statistical significance between mental and physical loads of activities. Activities with the highest load are: dealing with problem situations and pupil conflicts and individual care of pupils with special educational needs – SEN.
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