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PL
Opracowano ulepszoną metodę opartą na miareczkowaniu alkacymetrycznym określania aktywności trypsyny w wodnych wyciągach próbek trzustki wieprzowej. Jako substrat stosowano 3% roztwór żelatyny zamiast proponowanego wcześniej roztworu 5%. Analiza statystyczna uzyskanych wyników wykazała, że proponowana metoda daje wyniki powtarzalne i dokładne.
EN
Improved method of alkalimetric titration for the determination of a trypsin activity in an alkaline medium is presented. The method was tested on the pig pancreas. The presented modified method is characterized by a relative short analysis time and satisfactory accurancy and it is required no complicated and at great cost apparatures The proposed method may be recommended for each chemical laboratory.
EN
It has been found that tegument homogenate of Ascaris lumhricoides suis and also trypsin inhibitor isolated from it induce the Leghorn chick embryos mortality when injected into their yolk sac on 4th, 8th or 13th day of incubation. The trypsin inhibitor is one of important components of Ascaris homogenate causing mortality. There is linear interrelationship between the logarithm of dose of homogenate or trypsin inhibitor and the mortality of chickens in %. A significant decrease of mean mass of chicks injected with Ascaris homogenate or trypsin inhibitor in comparison with control groups was observed. There was more frequent occurrence of developmental abnormalities and pathological changes in groups of hatched chicks which received Ascaris homogenate or inhibitor.
EN
The studies were carried out on pancreas extracts from guinea pigs free of parasite invasion. The activity of trypsin was determined according to the method of Anson, and amylase of Fennel method. The measurements of activity were done at the presence of homogenized invasive eggs of Ascaris suum, and the mixture of volatile organic acids C₂-C₆ (at concentrations of 30.3 and 0.3 mM/l). In samples with homogenized invasive eggs of A. suum the amylase activity remained unchanged while the activity of trypsin was considerably higher (p < 0,01). The introduction of the organic acids at conc. 30 mM/l into the samples was the reason of lower amylase activity. No influence of these acids on trypsin activity in pancreas extracts was observed.
PL
Trawienie pepsyną ekstraktów nasion spożywanych przez człowieka powoduje obniżenie aktywności trypsyny i chymotrypsyny.
EN
Extracts from the seeds of broad bean, pumpkin, bean, pea, buckwheat, barley, corn, poppy, almond, peanut, hazel nut, common walnut, oat, millet, wheat, rice, sunflower, lentil, soya, and rye were acidified to pH 2.0 and subjected to pepsin activity. It led to the differentiated decrease in trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors occurring in these extracts.
EN
The guinea pigs were infected orally or intraintestinally (after laparotomy) with 5000 invasive eggs of Ascaris suum. On the 7th day after infection the invasion was controlled by lung's weight, degree of congestion, and number of larvae in the lungs. The activity of amylase was determined according to Fennel method, trypsin to Anson method. The activities of both enzymes in pancreas of orally infected animals (after laparotomy or not) were lower, and relative weight of lungs of these animals was higher than in control animals. In pancreas of guinea pig with invasive material introduced into its, the activities of amylase and trypsin were higher than in control animals, but only the activity of trypsin differed significantly.
EN
The activity of alpha-amylase in the experimental groups of guinea pigs was lower than in control animals. The decreased level of activity of trypsin was noted (p<0.05) also in infected animals, and in treatment with organic acids. In the group of guinea pigs, which was administrated homogenized eggs of parasite, the activity of enzyme was a little higher than in control animals. The infection of animals was associated with increase of relative weight, of lungs. The guinea pigs treatment with organic acids had also a higher weight of spleen.
EN
The studies were carried out on guinea pig males weighting about 280 g. The animals were infected with 5000 or 20000 invasive eggs of Ascaris suum. On the 3-rd, 7-th, 10-th and 14-th day of invasion the animals were dissected. Lungs were weighted, and the number of Ascaris larvaes was estimated using Baermann method. The activity of alpha-amylase (Fennel's method) and trypsin (Anson's method) were examined in pancreas homogenate. The infection of guinea pigs with A. suum larvaes resulted in a decrease of amylase and trypsin activity in parcreas. The activities were the lowest at the 3-rd day of invasion for amylase and at the 7-th day for trypsin. The results obtained for the animals infected 5 or 20000 invasie eggs A. suum did not differ statically.
PL
W pracy określono wpływ obecności i stężenia jonów Pb (II) i Cd (II) oraz stężenia substratu na aktywność pepsyny i trypsyny w warunkach in vitro. Stwierdzono znaczący wzrost aktywności pepsyny ze wzrostem stężenia jonów tych metali w układzie reakcyjnym, natomiast duży nadmiar substratu w stosunku do enzymu obniżał aktywność obu enzymów.
EN
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the presence and concentration of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions, as well as the substrate/enzyme ratio on pepsin and trypsin activities in vitro. The experimental design was a combination of three concentrations (1, 10 and 100 µg/4 cm3) of the metal ions and two substrate/enzyme rations (S/E = 10 and 100 for pepsin and 100 and 1000 for trypsin). The enzymatic activities were determined by the Folin method that is based on the colorimetric reaction of tyrosine with the Folin reagent. It was found that Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions significantly activated pepsin. The degree of this activation increased with increasing metal ion concentration in the experimental milieu. The presence and concentration of the analysed cations did not affect trypsin activity. The substrate/enzyme ratio influenced the activity of both proteases. Higher protein vs. enzyme excess reduced pepsin and trypsin activities in vitro.
EN
The studies were carried out on the chickens given the diet containing 19% and 11% of protein. On the 7th day of their life one part of the chickens were infected with different doses (125-500) of invasive eggs of Ascaridia galli. The other part of the birds were infected with 500 eggs of A. galli and the invasion lasted from 5 to 49 days. In the extracts from pancreas the activities of trypsin and α-amylase were measured. No differences were observed between trypsin activity of control and infected chickens fed with diet containing 11% of protein. The activity of trypsin was lower in infected chickens fed with diet containing 19% of protein, when the invasion lasted over 15 days. The activity of α-amylase in both groups decreased after infection with more than 100 invasive eggs of A. galli. The intensity and the extensity of invasion were lower in the chickens given the diet of 19% of protein.
PL
W modelowych badaniach in vitro wykazano stymulujący wpływ niskich stężeń aflatoksyn B1, B2, G1, i G2 na aktywność trypsyny i lipazy trzustkowej.
EN
In vitro tests have demostrated that contamination of food products with aflatoxins at levels found in the consumed food may significantly excite steapsin activity and insignificantly stimulate trypsin activity. The degree of trypsin activation in the presence of aflatoxins B1, B2, G2 and G2 at 3 x 10-6 to 3 x 102 ng/cm3 varied from 12% for aflatoxin G2 to 27% for aflatoxin B2. The increase of the steapsin activity at the same aflatoxin concetration range was much higher. The highest values (119% increase) was obtained for aflatoxin G2 samples at 3 x 102 ng/cm3, while for aflatoxins B1 and B2 increased activity was observed at the 70% —90% range.
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