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EN
Among regional Polish dairy products, such as redykołka, bundz, and bryndza cheeses, the most popular one is oscypek cheese. Oscypek is a cheese produced in over a dozen districts of the mountainous Podhale region. It is obtained from raw sheep milk or a blend of sheep and cow milk mixed in appropriate proportions. Oscypek is a pasta filata type of cheese, smoked or unsmoked. The aim of the research was to evaluate the microbiological quality of oscypek cheeses produced in the Podhale region. In total, 32 samples of cheeses were examined: 16 samples of smoked cheeses and 16 samples unsmoked. The following parameters were measured: total bacteria count (TBC), most probable number (MPN × g⁻¹) of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli, MPN of Clostridium perfringens, and counts of yeasts and moulds. Coliform bacteria and E. coli, the microorganisms used as indicators of manufacturing hygiene, were present in all samples. The MPN of coliforms exceeded 10² per 1 g in 81% of the smoked oscypek cheese samples and in 88% of the unsmoked ones. C. perfringens spores were present in 19% of all samples, but their MPN × g⁻¹ did not exceed 10. The presence of moulds and yeasts was established in 63% and 100% of the cheese samples, respectively. Moulds and yeasts were present in the amounts of 10-10³ and 10²-10⁵ cfu/g, respectively, in the smoked cheeses, and in the amounts of 10-10⁴ and 10³-10⁵ cfu/g, respectively, in the unsmoked cheeses. The presence of coliforms in all the oscypek samples examined indicates deficiencies in production hygiene. This was also confirmed by the considerable percentage of cheese samples contaminated with moulds and yeasts. However, the number of these microorganisms was comparable with their presence in similar cheeses produced industrially from raw sheep milk or pasteurized cow milk. In the case of oscypek cheeses, the process of smoking may lower the TBC and the number of moulds and yeasts by approx. 1 log row compared with unsmoked oscypek cheeses. However, cheese smoking does not reduce the number of coliforms, E. coli and C. perfringens.
PL
W badaniach oceniano skład chemiczny i profil kwasów tłuszczowych bryndzy z mleka polskiej owcy górskiej oraz owcy fryzyjskiej. Mleko do wyrobu serów pochodziło z okresu żywienia pastwiskowego (czerwiec-lipiec) od owiec będących w trzeciej laktacji (w ok. 15 tygodniu jej trwania). Na podstawie wykonanych oznaczeń stwierdzono różnice w zawartości suchej masy, białka i tłuszczu między bryndzą z mleka polskiej owcy górskiej i owcy fryzyjskiej. W zakresie analizowanych składników korzystniej wypadła bryndza z mleka polskiej owcy górskiej. Różnice odnotowano również w zawartości funkcjonalnych składników sera, tj. kwasów tłuszczowych oraz skoniugowanej formy kwasu linolowego cis-9, trans-11. Korzystniejszym profilem kwasów tłuszczowych i wyższą zawartością izomeru c9tl1 charakteryzowała się bryndza z mleka polskiej owcy górskiej.
EN
The observations of the chemical content of bryndza cheese was made on milk from polish mountain sheep and fresian sheep. Milk for cheese production was taken from sheep (15 sheep of each breed) in third lactation (15 week, July-August). The sheep was fed only on pasture grass. There were differences in protein, fat and dry matter content between bryndza cheese from polish mountain sheep and fresian sheep. In the range of these constituents the most profitable appeared to be bryndza cheese from milk of polish mountain sheep. The differences in the content of cheese functional constituents, eg. fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomer cis-9, trans-11 were also observed. The polish mountain sheep cheese had more profitable content of constituents given above.
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