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PL
Celem badań było określenie wpływu, dodatku do pasz prebiotyku Fermato lub probiotyku Biosaf, na wzrost narybku karpia oraz wykorzystanie składników pokarmowych pasz. Pasze doświadczalne, z dodatkiem prebiotyku lub probiotyku, zostały wykonane jako diety izobiałkowe i izoenergetyczne. Przeprowadzono 50-dniowy test wzrokowy z udziałem narybku karpia. Ryby, otrzymujące pasze prebiotyczne lub probiotyczne, cechowały się istotnie wyższą, średnią jednostkową masą ciała w porównaniu do ryb z grupy kontrolnej (p<= 0,05). Najkorzystniejsze wartości współczynników pokarmowych pasz oraz wskaźnika wykorzystania białka paszowego odnotowano dla pasz z dodatkiem prebiotyku lub probiotyku, a różnice były statystycznie istotne w porównaniu z paszą kontrolną. Żywienie narybku karpia paszami, zawierającymi dodatek prebiotyku Fermato lub probiotyku Biosaf, skutkowało polepszeniem wskaźników chowu: optymalny dodatek prebiotyku wyniósł 3 g na jeden kilogram paszy, a optymalny dodatek prebiotyku ustalono na 1 g w kilogramie paszy (8.10/9 jtk drożdży w kg paszy).
EN
The studies have determined the effect of carp fry feeds with an addition of prebiotic Fermacto or probiotic Biosaf, on the growth and food conversion ratio in carp fry. Experimental feeds with the prebiotic or probiotic preparations were made as isonitric and isocaloric diets. A 50-day growth test with carp fry were carried out. The fish receiving the prebiotic or probiotic feeds showed significantly higher mean individual body weight ( p<=0,05) in comparison with the control group. The most favourable values of food conversion and protein efficiency ratio were recorder for feeds with prebiotic or probiotic addition and the differences were statistically different in comparison with the control feed. Feeding of carp fry with feeds containing an addition of Fermacto prebiotic or Biosaf probiotic improves the rearing results; the optimal addition of the prebiotic is 3 g of the preparation per one kilogram of feed, and the optimal addition of the probiotic is1 g of the preparation per one kilogram of feed (8x10/9 CFU kg/-1 of feed).
EN
Since January 2006, and in accordance with EU legislative procedures, the use of antibiotics as growth promotors in feedingstuff has been prohibited. Withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters in an animal feeding has resulted in a search for new alternatives such as: prebiotics. At present prebiotics are used mostly for preventing and controlling the negative consequences appearing in the aftermath of the prohibition of antimicrobial applications as animal feed additives. The article presents the effect of prebiotics (mannan-oligosacharides, fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides) on humoral and cellular mechanisms of specific and non-specific immunity in livestock.
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Content available Prebiotyki w żywieniu koni
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EN
The effectivity of probiotics containing lactic acid that produce bacteria for the prevention of diarrhea in pigs during the post-weaning period was evaluated. The results of different authors were contradictory from no effectivity to significant effectivity. However they were never as satisfactory as in the case of antimicrobial growth promoters. The addition of probiotic bacterial cultures to prebiotics, such as fructooligosacharides, mannanooligosacharides and galactooligosacharides, improved the effectivity of probiotics to some extent. As a possible replacement of antimicrobial growth promoters competitive exclusion was also assessed through the use of non pathogenic bacteria with fimbriae blocking receptors of the enterocytes of the intestinal epithelial layer. Besides such bacterial cultures, isolated lectins of the same structure as fimbrial lectins and with the same affinity to the receptors of enterocytes were also evaluated. According to the cited publications positive effects could be encountered. But likewise in this case they were not as satisfactory as in case of the antimicrobial growth promoters. Summarizing the review of the literature, it could be concluded that if the described procedures were used in combination with a high level of farm management, optimal nutrition, welfare, biosecurity and veterinary care, the results obtained could compensate for the losses which were observed in the postweaning period in swine production after the ban of antimicrobial growth promoters. If this were not the case, feeds which contain antibiotics or therapeutic antibiotics should be used, interfering to an essential degree with the principle of ecological swine production without antimicrobial growth promoters as feed additives.
PL
Oligosacharydy stosuje się głównie do produkcji oliwek dla dzieci, mleka, produktów mleczarskich, wyrobów cukierniczych, słodyczy, win owocowych i różnego rodzaju tzw. zdrowej żywności. Wzrasta zastosowanie oligosacharydów do produkcji leków, kosmetyków, środków przeciwpróchniczych, pasz dla zwierząt. Pondto uznaje się, że niektóre nieulegające strawieniu oligosacharydy wykazują właściwości prebiotyczne i mogą być fermentowane przez bakterie z rodzaju Bifidobacterium i Lactobacillus acidophilus. Takie oliosacharydy są nazywane "czynnikami bifidogennymi".
EN
Oligosaccharides are used mainly in the production baby food, milk, dairy products, confectionery, sweets, fruit wines a various types of the so-called health food. An increase is also observed in the use of oligosaccharides in the production of drugs, cosmetics, anti-caries agents and animal fodder. Additionally, some indigestive oligosaccharides are considered to have prebiotic properties and be susceptible to fermentation by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Such oligosaccharides are called the "bifidogtiagents".
PL
W artykule omówiono czynniki mogące wpływać mikroflory jelita grubego i fizjologię przewodu pokarmowego. Scharakteryzowano lokalny i systemowy wpływ probiotyków i prebiotyków stosowanych jako funkcjonalne składniki diet.
EN
The article addresses the factors, which may affect concentration of the human gut microflora and gastro inte: physiology. Local and systemic effects of probiotics and prebiotic as the functional ingredients of diets were presented.
EN
The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of tylosin and prebiotics (β-glucans and mannanooligosaccharides) added to feed on the phagocitc activity of polimorfonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in calves. The study was performed on 36 clinically healthy, Black and White Lowland calves, aged 6-8 weeks. The animals were randomly divided into three equal groups. Calves in group I were fed a feedingstuff supplemented with tylosin. Group II received prebiotics, and group III (control) was fed the same feedingstuff without additives. The following phagocytic parameters were determined in the peripheral blood of the calves: phagocytic index (IF), the percentages of phagocytic (%kf) and NBT-positive cells, and the spontaneous migration of neutrophils (MG). The results showed that both prebiotics and tylosin caused a significant increase in the phagocytic activity of PMNL in the experimental groups. This was expressed by the higher values of the examined phagocytic parameters compared with the controls.
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