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EN
Dynamic changes characteristic of modern societies, especially those involved heavily in technological transformation create special conditions for adaptation of the network environment to the needs of education. The introduction to this article discusses contexts of the issue as a precondition resulting from the threat of digital divide of teachers. Then, the paper includes considerations on the conditions of the constitution of information literacy as a result of the revision of theory and practice. It proposes a process of examination of teacher information literacy in the digital environment in the perspective of hermeneutic methodology. Conclusions provide the proposal to include research on the development of teacher information literacy in the process of the network society formation.
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Content available Koniec epoki
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PL
Widmo krąży po planecie – widmo Internetu. Wszystkie potęgi starego świata połączyły się do świętej nagonki przeciw temu widmu. Po nieznacznej modyfikacji, pierwsze słowa MANIFESTU KOMUNISTYCZNEGO [1] zaczynają brzmieć niepokojąco współcześnie. Baza i nadbudowa znów się rozmijają, cyfrowym społeczeństwem próbują zarządzać prawa oraz instytucje z epoki węgla i stali. Jeśli dodać eksplozję demograficzną i malejące zapotrzebowanie na pracę, mamy obraz uderzająco podobny do tego z czasów rewolucji przemysłowej. Tylko czekać, aż ktoś przypomni ostatnie słowa MANIFESTU, i zawoła: Internauci wszystkich krajów, łączcie się!
EN
A spectre is haunting the Planet — the spectre of Internet. All the powers of old World have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre. After a slight modification, the first words of the Communist Manifesto begin to sound as if written nowadays. Base and superstructure again diverge, and the laws and institutions of the era of coal and steel are trying to rule over the digital society. If you add to the picture population explosion and the decreasing demand for labor, we get a whole strikingly similar to that of the times of industrial revolution. Just wait until someone remembers the last words of the Manifesto, and cries out: Internet Users of All Countries, Unite!
EN
The study regards major social associations and individual initiatives in social networks, which carry out the idea of the right to the city. The object of analysis is the multimedia material posted on the Internet, capturing an image of a virtual city created by spontaneous actions of residents. The described visible activity is an expression of an arising reflective approach toward urban space. The change in residents’ mindsets about their role is facilitated by the network connection of participants. The efficacy of these networks creates an influential environment which has a considerable impact on today’s city management.
EN
How should teacher education for sustainability (TEfS) respond to new information and communication technologies that can enable new forms of social and environmental relations and new forms of pedagogy? To answer that question, this article will consider the potential of Web 2.0 technologies or social media to enrich the content and pedagogy of education for sustainable development in both university and school classrooms. It will suggest that teachers should be introduced to critical social theory that seeks to explain the role of these new technologies in the recent wave of capitalist development that precipitated economic and ecological crisis, and their potential to bring about more sustainable alternatives. Such alternatives will be based on more radical and deliberative forms of democracy and citizenship enabled by the new technologies, and TEfS should equip teachers to explore these through appropriate forms of citizenship education and model them in their classrooms via new forms of critical pedagogy. Such ideas as those of Erik Olin Wright on real utopias and Manuel Castells on network society provide such TEfS with appropriate theory, while consideration of how YouTube videos might be used to develop critical digital and sustainability literacies in the classroom, illustrates how such theory might be related to practice.
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Content available remote Sztuka w społeczeństwie sieciowym
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EN
The rise of the network society has substantially changed the structure of human experience in all important fields of life and culture. In his ground-breaking trilogy entitled The Rise of the Network Society, Manuel Castells has created a theoretical framework for understanding this new reality we live in. The article attempts to regard contemporary art as one of the global flows, which is a term coined by Castells to describe the network reality. As far as art is concerned, conclusions drawn from this analysis are unappealing.
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Content available Hashtag a wspólnota medialna w środowisku oporu
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nr 2
91–98
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The article raisesthe question of the media community created in the context of resistance. The issue of retaining environments is presented based on the issues related to media messages which are created in the form of hashtags. In the network society, the media symbols becomes a meta-commentary, which may result in changes and transformations both in virtual and real area. The text is a reflection on the three aspects of the properties of the hashtag. The message is described as a tool for change, community opposition and the community of the thinks. This point of view gives the opportunity to demonstrate the interdependence that prevail in online subcultures of resistance.
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Content available Third Places in the Era of Virtual Communities
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EN
The purpose of the article is to analyse virtual communities in the context of Ray Oldenburg’s third place theory. The author argues that virtual third places are a response to the needs of virtual communities and their features are similar to Oldenburg’s third places. The first part of the article presents the basics of Oldenburg’s third place theory while the second one shows the characteristics of virtual communities: a review of definitions, their typology and features. The criteria of collectivity of virtual communities are also discussed in the context of Oldenburg’s third places features.
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nr 4
157–167
EN
The article discusses the history of the development of the idea of a network as a tool for research, indicating its dispersion within science, involving the use of extremely different theoretical approaches. The text proposes to include them in the form of the parent confrontation between mainly quantitative research stream and humanistic stream, based on the idea of a network society. It indicates also that a similar breakdown occurs from the beginning of the research within the quantitative stream, taking the form of a confrontation of sociological research and physical or biological research. The article cites facts about the development of all the described tracts, leading to conclusion, that such a state of network research must recall the epistemological reflection on the one hand, and, on the other hand, it establishes the possibility of the emergence of the synthetic and interdisciplinary concepts, which potential examples it shows
EN
Social media are not only a space for making contacts and strengthening social ties, but also an increasingly important source of information. This fact is very crucial in the context of political communication. On the one hand, social networks have created a new platform of interaction between politicians and citizens,in particular during the electoral campaign, but on the other, due to its structure based on the rapid and direct flow of information, they proved to be an effective tool for spreading false content, so-called fake news and misinformation. This negative trend, most visible during the presidential elections in the United States in 2016, has become an impulse to undertake extensive measures to combat this practice. Among many entities engaging in campaigns against fake news, there were primarily enterprises from the ICT industry, but also governments, media publishers and international organizations. The main aim of the article is to indicate the most important actions taken (by the end of January 2018) in order to fight disinformation on the Internet. The text will also focus on the analysis of this activity in the context of potential danger of increasing control over the flow of information on the Internet and introduction of censorship on a mass scale.
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EN
The development of information technology and the development of a network society have encouraged a rise of e-democracy. It can not be regarded as a form of democracy because it is a phenomenon qualitatively different from democracy, similarly the network society is not the virtual equivalent of a civil society. It has been hypothesized that the development of information technology perhaps improves the state of democracy in some aspects and to some scale, but only if the system is real and not just declaratively democratic in the initial situation, regardless of technological progress. One of the elements that constitute democracy, including political participation, is a civic consciousness. On the web, the cyber-society constituting the anti model of civil society (Castells) implements the needs dictated by consumerism and consciousness of the consumer but not the ethos of civic and citizen awareness. Therefore, the rating of e-democracy dynamics in individual countries should not be the basis for conclusions about the condition of the existing democracy there.
PL
Koncepcję kłącza zaprezentowali Gilles Deleuze i Félix Guattari w 1980 roku w ramachrozwijającej się dyskusji o nowych mediach. Do opisu filozoficznej koncepcji kłącza idealniepasuje rozwój marketingu internetowego – elektroniczno-sieciowej odmiany dziedzinyzajmującej się aktywnym dopasowaniem popytu oraz podaży, zasadzając się w sporejmierze na maglowaniu świadomości współczesnego konsumenta.Co uważniejsi obserwatorzy zarzucają przedstawicielom tej prężnie rozwijającej siębranży, że zbyt często produkują nadmierne ilości pojęć nazywających zagadnienia dawnojuż nazwane i poddanych jedynie lekkiemu liftingowi.Jeśli jednak w przypadku marketingu internetowego rzeczywiście mamy do czynieniaz intensywnie pączkującym kłączem nowej pracy, a nie tylko inflacją coraz to nowychszyldów, powinniśmy zauważyć faktyczny wzrost organiczny w kwestiach takich jak zatrudnienie,ilość miejsc pracy czy wynagrodzenia.
EN
Border University Network this is international consortium of universities from Poland, Belarus, Lithuania, Russia and Ukraine. Author of presents structure of the network with including contacts each of her nodes has which. With the network analysis author describes and it presents properties of the discussed structure moreover, so as: positions of actors in network, density, centrality, strong and weak ties, structural holes. Besides author describes development of network society as new form of organization of social life as well as presence and meaning of network of university in development science in Poland.
EN
For public relations officers the last years were momentous. Changes in the surrounding life dictated also changes in the public relations (PR) practice. The birth of a so-called network society was signifi cant not only for different information technology and computer-related professions, but also for communication science, including public relations, from a larger perspective. Talking about public relations we are mostly talking about managing communication and about relations born as a result of the managed communication flow. From a historical perspective communication and relations management means quite often a kind of use of power. At this point the existential question today is — how to manage communication and relations in the new situation — in the society which is guided by social networks where power is not always at the “top” of hierarchy anymore, but is “down” in the networks. Who has power, and who and how will control communication processes in the society of “mass self-communicators” (Castells, 2007), which is designed and created by authors who are writing and expressing their ideas through social media, using their right of speech more than ever and which is no longer easily controlled and managed by others — authorities, press officers, public relations managers, censors, etc.
EN
The concept of the rhizome was introduced by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in 1980 aspart of ongoing discussion about new media. To describe philosophical concept of the rhizome,one can use the development of internet marketing i.e. electronic and network typeof branch dealing with active adjustment of supply and demand on the markets. Largely,it influences the awareness of contemporary customer. Careful observers accuse representatives of this booming branch of overproduction of notions. Internet marketing workers unnecessarily describe already existing issues and definitions that have undergone insignificant changes.
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Content available Społeczeństwo sieci a nowe formy zaangażowania
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EN
Network society and the new forms of engagementThe popularization of the Internet in the 1990s marked the beginning of socio-cultural changes that have led to the creation of the network society. Networking has covered many spheres – social, cultural, political and economic. Along with social changes, new problems and risks associated with new technologies have emerged. It provoked the beginning of networked social movements, which regained technological tools in a subversive way, using an insect-type of attack, based on the structure of the swarm. One form of such an attack are subversive hacktivist actions, which have a deep performative character. Perhaps it is because of this extraordinary performative potential that the network, along with the new ways of communication, have become a source of tools, both in the artistic and social field. Społeczeństwo sieci a nowe formy zaangażowaniaSpopularyzowanie w latach 90. ubiegłego wieku internetu zapoczątkowało przemiany społeczno-kulturowe, które doprowadziły do powstania społeczeństwa sieciowego. Usieciowienie objęło wiele sfer – społeczną, kulturową, polityczną i ekonomiczną. Wraz ze zmianami społecznymi pojawiły się nieznane dotąd problemy i zagrożenia związane z nowymi technologiami. Spowodowało to powstanie usieciowionych ruchów społecznych, które w subwersywny sposób zaczęły odzyskiwać narzędzia technologiczne, posługując się insektalnym rodzajem ataku, opartym o strukturę roju. Jedną z form takiego ataku są subwersywne działania hacktywistyczne, o głęboko performatywnym charakterze. Być może właśnie z powodu niezwykłego potencjału performatywnego sieć, wraz z nowymi sposobami komunikacji, stała się źródłem pozyskiwania narzędzi zarówno na polu artystycznym, jak i społecznym.
PL
Współczesne transformacje społeczne są bardzo silnie powiązane z gwałtownym rozwojem technologicznym, który nie pozostaje bez wpływu na dominację reguł technologicznych w życiu społecznym. Transformacje więzi społecznych, powstawanie nowych form kontaktów, wzorów społecznych zapośredniczonych wirtualnie są zjawiskami powszechnymi w społeczeństwie sieci. Kompetencje techniczne zaczynają odgrywać coraz większą rolę w utechnicznionym środowisku społecznym człowieka. Teoretyczne poszukiwania cyfrowych wykluczonych z głównego nurtu rynkowego zakorzenionego w sieciowej kulturze komunikacji sprowadzają się bardzo często do stawiania pytań o znaczenie wieku, jako ważnej determinanty określającej pozycję i wartość rynkową współczesnego człowieka. Dominacja reguł technologicznych i obecność społecznie wytworzonej natury (Anthony Giddens) nie pozostaje bez wpływu na rosnące oczekiwania względem uczestników społeczeństwa sieci co do ich zdolności dostosowywania się do cyfrowych standardów społecznych i stopnia partycypacji w nowej przestrzeni komunikacji.
EN
Modern social transformations are very strongly related to rapid technological advance which has an impact on the dominance of technological rules in social life. Transformations of social bonds, creation of new forms of contacts, or Internet mediated social patterns are common phenomena in the network society. Technological competences are playing an increasingly prominent role in man’s technologized social environment. Theoretical search for the digitally excluded from the market mainstream rooted in the Internet communication culture often focuses on raising questions about age as an important determinant which defines the position and market value of modern man. The dominance of technological rules and the presence of a socially produced nature (Anthony Giddens) impact the growing expectations towards the participants of the network society concerning their ability to adjust to the digital social standards and the degree of participation in the new communication space.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jednego z najnowocześniejszych narzędzi badawczych, jakim jest analiza sieci społecznych i możliwości jej wykorzystania w badaniach nad militarnym i niemilitarnym bezpieczeństwem państwa. Nasze funkcjonowanie w społeczeństwie informacyjnym dostarcza wprost nieograniczonych ilości informacji, które dzięki nowoczesnym metodom obliczeniowym mogą służyć do monitorowania i przewidywania procesów w nim za-chodzących. Prezentowana metoda, powszechnie wykorzystywana przez naukowców i kadrę zarządzającą, zaczyna zyskiwać coraz większą popularność wśród służb mundurowych, specjalnych oraz agencji monitorujących bezpieczeństwo narodowe, w szczególności krajów wysokorozwiniętych. Przedstawione przykłady prezentują, jak szerokie zastosowanie może mieć analiza sieci społecznych w badaniach nad bezpieczeństwem państwa oraz w jak wielu aspektach może być jeszcze wykorzystana.
EN
The aim of this article is to present one of the most advanced research tools, namely social network analysis (SNA), and the possibility of its use when studying military and non-military national security. Our existence in the information society generates unlimited amounts of information which can be employed to monitor and predict the processes therein owing to modern computational methods. The presented method, commonly used by scientists and managers, begins to gain increasing popularity among the uniformed services, special services, and security agencies monitoring national security, in particular in the developed countries. The examples presented show how great the use of social network analysis can be in research on national security, and in how many ways it can still be applied.
EN
The article deals with the need to study the characteristics of innovative school networks for the development of the national education system. It is accentuated that due to the integration of Ukrainian education in the European educational space, national system of education requires innovative forms of activity. Creating of innovative school networks is one of the forms of the innovative processes dissemination. The relevant researches concerning the problem studied are examined. The basic approaches to understanding the key concepts that are included in the semantic structure of the term «innovative school network» are defined. Different approaches to the definition of the term «innovation» are studied. It is shown that in the theory of education there are both general and more concrete definitions of the term «innovation». Existing researches of both home and foreign scientists concerning the terms «network» and «network society» are analyzed, which are necessary to better understanding of the main point of innovative school networks phenomenon. Interpretations of the term «network» in different scientific approaches are analyzed. It is shown that a network in education is a quite new organizational form that plays an important role in innovative school development and helps to overcome a traditional isolation of schools. Innovative school network is defined as a complex of educational establishments which are united by the common innovative idea and activity which is aimed at the increase of the teaching and educational process efficiency, the quality of management activity; further extension of educational experience in the network of schools and behind it. It is shown that the sphere of innovative management in education is a subject to constant studies and researches under conditions of the reformation, modernization of all areas of Ukrainian society life. The innovative school network is considered as a pedagogical phenomenon in the context of innovative educational management. It is pointed out that networks are an effective way of innovative educational development management under the conditions of the decentralization processes.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę rozważenia potencjalnych możliwości, jakie daje generowanie zbioru Big Data w teoretycznych koncepcjach efektywności ekonomicznej. Podstawą dyskursu są dwa odmienne podejścia do kwestii efektywności – statyczne i dynamiczne. W obu ujęciach rozważano, w jaki sposób zastosowanie informacji zawartych w zbiorze Big Data może wpłynąć na poziom efektywności. W artykule przedstawiono również koncepcje społeczeństwa sieciowego w ujęciu budowania jego bazy materialnej, rozumianej jako połączenie internetu rzeczy oraz członków społeczeństwa na zasadzie przedłużenia zmysłów.
EN
This article is an attempt to consider the potential opportunities that generate Big Data in the theoretical concept of economic efficiency. The discourse has been based on two different approaches to efficiency: static and dynamic. In both approaches has been considered how the use of information contained in the Big Data can effect on the level of efficiency. The article also presents the concept of network society in terms of building its material base, understood as the combination of the Internet of things and members of society on the basis of the extension of the senses.
EN
The availability of cultural content provided by modern means of communication isenormous. In developing countries, the internet becomes the main tool to bridge thegap in cultural transmission. Also, it facilitates active participation in the global culturalexchange, as today’s customers increasingly act as prosumers. They not only receive thecultural content but also participate in its development and modification. However, formany consumers in Poland and other countries in the (semi-)periphery of world system,the language is the main barrier to cultural consumption. Most of the content of cultureavailable on the internet – i.e., video content – is unintelligible for the Polish audience.Therefore, translation of dialogues becomes an essential aspect of cultural participation.This paper considers the internet community that responded to this need, i.e., amateurfansubbers. They create specific online mass collaboration projects whose characteristicswill be analysed within the framework of Talcott Parsons’s theory.
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