Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Paradoxical Metaphors in Poetic Song Discourse

100%

Biskub I.

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tom 1

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nr 1

25-37

EN

The paper focuses on highlighting the differences between recognition and interpretation of active conceptual metaphors indicating universal truth and specific author’s metaphors grounded in his own life experience. It has been proven that due to their complexity, paradoxical nature, and the variability of language expressions metaphors are effectively used to deliver universal truth in poetic discourse, namely in bard song lyrics and singing poetry. The analysis is based on the material of Leonard Cohen’s posthumous album “Thanks for The Dance”. The well-known features of active metaphors such as clarity and communicative power are opposed to unique paradoxical and mirroring metaphors used by the author to impose multiple levels of metaphor recognition in poetics song discourses. The metaphorical coding of poetry is achieved through establishing an intercode agreement between the recipients and the poet.

2

Metaphor Saves

100%

Krzeszowski T. P.

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tom 8

139-148

EN

What is said about metaphor in the present paper will mainly concern the Christian Bible as directly or indirectly translated from the original languages (mostly Ancient Hebrew and New Testament Greek). However, unless otherwise indicated, all biblical quotations are based on New International Version of the Bible. Metaphor is conceived as a cognitive-conceptual device rather than a merely rhetorical ornament, which is consistent with basic tenets of cognitive linguistics. Among conceptual metaphors the metaphor MENTAL REALITY IS PHYSICAL REALITY stands out as one of the most productive metaphors as it generalizes the cognitive process of creating and understanding abstract concepts in terms of concrete, physical entities. The subject of religious thinking, contemplation and discourse cannot be experienced through senses, because such things are “What no eye has seen, what no ear has heard, and what no human mind has conceived” (1 Corinthians 2:9). Thus, metaphor is a kind of hyper-sense allowing us to perceive what our senses cannot perceive in all domains of our knowledge. According to the New Testament Christ himself explained to his disciples why he used parables (i.e. metaphors) in his teachings (Matthew 13:10-13). Conceptual metaphors appearing in the Bible are like a kind of a road, or a kind of a bridge, or a kind of a ladder—all leading man to God. The corruption of language connected with the original sin and manifested in using language as an instrument of deception and lying rather as an instrument of communication with God, was overcome by Jesus Christ as the Word (Logos) offered by God to annihilate the consequences of the original sin. As Christ saved Man from sin and death, metaphor frees language from its corruption, which is also a consequence of the original sin. Understood as the hyper-sense metaphor allows man to re-establish and maintain contact with God. Metaphor will not be needed when we see things as they really are. We shall also see God as He really is.

3

Conceptual Foundations of Progress in Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

100%

Drogosz A.

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2012

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nr XIV/2

121-128

EN

The objective of this article is an analysis of those conceptual metaphors and analogies used by Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species which introduce the notion of progress to the concept of evolutionary change. The analysis covers the analogy between artificial and natural selection, conceptual metaphors of journey, struggle and tree with the UP – DOWN schema. We demonstrate that some aspects of these metaphors make progress an inherent part of the concept of evolution.

4

Pojęcie człowieka w idiolekcie Paula Ricœura na podstawie wybranych metafor językowych w "Le volontaire et l’involontaire"

100%

Bobowska-Nastarzewska P.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2016

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tom 60(3 (454))

145-152

PL

This paper is to present the notion of man as the keyword in the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur, which can be referred to as philosophical anthropology. The article is based on an analysis of three conceptual metaphors chosen in Le volontaire et l’involontaire. The author applies the theory of the linguistic picture of the world and some issues of cognitive linguistics. She uses primarily the concept of conceptual metaphors by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, in particular the metaphor of a container (MAN AS A CONTAINER). The discussion centres on three metaphors MAN AS A DECISION, MAN AS AN ACTION and MAN AS A CONSENT defining in part the notion of man in Le volontaire et l’involontaire.

5

Konzeptuelle Trauer-Metaphern in Kinderwunschforen

100%

Stypa H.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2020

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nr 17

303-316

EN

Many persons who are unintentionally childless and desperately desire children often join online communities in fertility forums. There they can share, amongst other things, their experiences and they can find out about additional treatment options. The often year-long efforts to have a baby are associated with strong emotional stress. The goal of the article is to take a closer look at the emotional sadness expressed by the users in posts on the website www.wunschkinder.net and to examine which conceptual metaphors are used in describing sadness.

6

Designing the welfare state: Selected building metaphors of the welfare state across the British press

88%

Paprota M.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2017

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tom 41

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nr 2

DE

Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.

EN

This paper, drawing on insights from discourse-historical approach to discourse analysis and applying Conceptual Metaphor theory, examines selected BUILDING metaphors of the welfare state in a corpus of four British newspapers. The paper compares the use of these metaphors in the four newspapers and considers their argumentative function, finding that while the metaphors largely overlap between the newspapers, their argumentative functions are more though not completely distinct, legitimising government reforms of the welfare state in the conservative newspapers, with the left-leaning newspapers using them to support and oppose these reforms.

FR

Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.

RU

Том не содержит аннотаций на английском языке.

7

Computers are buildings: on conceptual metaphors in the semantic field of computers and the Internet in Polish

88%

Zabawa M. , Zabawa M.

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tom 40

8

Ça roule ! - un pragmatème à décortiquer. Une étude contrastive franco-italienne

88%

Wylecioł R. , Adamczyk K.

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2020

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tom 32

173-191

EN

The aim of this paper is to present, after a short introduction to what pragmateme, or pragmatic phraseologism, is and how we understand it as a fixed expressive phrase with affective and emotive load, the results of the Polonium project entitled “Pragmatemes in contrast: from linguistic modeling to lexicographic coding”. In particular, we want to divulgate information concerning analysis of the French pragmateme Ça roule ! and its Italian corresponding phrase A posto!. Furthermore, equivalents of both pragmatemes are also investigated. However, as we consider cognitive linguistics tools as those which may give greater response to what the meaning of pragmatemes is, we broaden the project results with analysis of the trajector-landmark relation and of conceptual metaphors, that are the basis of the imagery for the aforementioned linguistic elements. In this way, we may also try to discern similarities and discrepancies in how close but still different cultures depict the same scene in similar speech events.

9

Le (principali) emozioni negative espresse nei fraseologismi somatici italiani e polacchi

75%

Pastucha-Blin A.

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum

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2022

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tom 10

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nr 1

67-79

EN

The contribution is an attempt to capture the major differences within the semantic category of emotions: anger, aggression, fear, sadness and submission, expressed in the somatic phraseologisms of the Italian and Polish languages. In addition to the theoretical considerations, the aim of the study is to establish which idiomatic expressions containing the names of body parts are used to verbalize certain emotional states. The observations are based on the analysis of the phraseological, practical, collocation and general dictionaries, thanks to which the differences relating primarily to the metaphorical conceptualization of the emotions under study become visible. The divergencies observed between the Italian and Polish somatic phraseologisms concern mainly the source domain that is necessary for a person to be able to understand and convey emotions that are often intangible, elusive and difficult to understand.

IT

Il contributo costituisce un tentativo di individuare le maggiori differenze nell’ambito della categoria semantica delle emozioni di rabbia, aggressività, paura, tristezza e umiltà espresse nei fraseologismi somatici della lingua italiana e polacca. Oltre alle considerazioni teoriche, nel presente studio si intende stabilire quali espressioni idiomatiche, contenenti termini che indicano parti del corpo umano, vengono usate per verbalizzare determinati stati emotivi. Nelle osservazioni si analizzano le pagine dei dizionari fraseologici, pratici, quelli delle collocazioni e generali grazie ai quali si evidenziano le differenze anzitutto nell’ambito della concettualizzazione metaforica delle emozioni studiate. Le divergenze osservate tra i fraseologismi somatici italiani e polacchi concernono prima di tutto il dominio origine adoperato per capire e trasmettere emozioni che spesso risultano intangibili, sfuggevoli e difficili da capire.

10

Metafory pojęciowe opisujące proces psychoterapeutyczny w wypowiedziach użytkowników mediów społecznościowych

75%

Ptak N.

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nr 1

140-179

EN

The topic of mental health and self-development is extremely inspiring and popular. Along with the changes in worldview, people began to openly raise topics related to mental problems andshare their experience, and more and more willingly use specialist help. One of its forms is psychotherapy. As part of the cultural, media and psychotherapeutic discourse, many terms helpful in understanding it have already been created, which are worth paying attention to. They all try to bring closer the essence of the psychotherapeutic process, which is a complex and difficult to define phenomenon.Metaphorical expressions, which by referring to direct human experience help to assimilate abstract concepts, seem to be particularly worthy of attention and thorough analysis. A valuable source of linguistic data are especially social media, which have become a space of intensive information exchange. This article presents an analysis of social media users' statements about the psychotherapeutic process using conceptual metaphor theory. As a result, 27 conceptual metaphors emerged. The collected metaphors, thanks to the richness of conceptualization which is containedin a simple linguistic message, based on the bodily and life experience of a person, show a broader dimension of understanding the complex phenomenon, which is psychotherapy. Thanks to this, they can be a treasury of knowledge and inspiration not only for researchers, but also for mental health specialists or people using psychotherapy.

PL

Temat zdrowia psychicznego oraz samorozwoju jest niezwykle inspirujący i nośny. Wraz z przemianami światopoglądowymi ludzie w sposób otwarty zaczęli poruszać tematy związane z problemami psychicznymi i dzielić się swoim doświadczeniem oraz coraz chętniej korzystać ze specjalistycznej pomocy. Jedną z jej form jest psychoterapia. W ramach dyskursu kulturowego, medialnego i psychoterapeutycznego powstało już wiele określeń pomocnych w jej rozumieniu, na które warto zwrócić uwagę. Wszystkie one próbują przybliżyć istotę procesu psychoterapeutycznego, który jest zjawiskiem złożonym i trudnym do sprecyzowania. Szczególnie godne uwagi i poddania dokładnej analizie wydają się wypowiedzi o charakterze metaforycznym, które poprzez odwołanie się do bezpośredniego doświadczenia człowieka pomagają przyswoić abstrakcyjne pojęcia. Cennym źródłem danych językowych są zwłaszcza media społecznościowe, które współcześnie stały się przestrzenią intensywnej wymiany informacji. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia analizę wypowiedzi użytkowników mediów społecznościowych dotyczących procesu psychoterapeutycznego za pomocą teorii metafor pojęciowych. W jej wyniku wyłoniono 27 metafor pojęciowych. Zgromadzone metafory, dzięki bogactwu konceptualizacji, które zawarte jest w prostym przekazie językowym, opartym na cielesnym i życiowym doświadczeniu człowieka, pokazują szerszy wymiar rozumienia skomplikowanego zjawiska, jakim jest psychoterapia. Dzięki temu mogą być skarbnicą wiedzy i inspiracji nie tylko dla badaczy, ale również dla specjalistów zdrowia psychicznego czy osób korzystających z psychoterapii.

11

Computers are humans: on conceptual metaphors in the semantic field of computers and the Internet in Polish

75%

Zabawa M.

Linguistica Silesiana

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2018

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tom 39

12

Comment enseigner le discours scientifique en langue étrangère aux étudiants : la compétence discursive spécialisée à travers l’analyse des textes écrits

75%

Bobowska-Nastarzewska P.

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2022

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tom 49

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nr 2

87-97

EN

The aim of the paper is to identify the methods of teaching academic discourse in French on the example of a selected written text whose subject matter is concerned with linguistics in connection with other disciplines. The analysis uses as its starting point the assumptions of the theory of the linguistic image of the world (J. Bartmiński) and of the cognitive linguistics (G. Lakoff and M. Johnson, R.W. Langacker) as applied in glottodidactics. While reading and understanding a written text, students activate the process of schematization (abstraction) and categorization/recategorization (R.W. Langacker). Teacher’s role is to explain specialized lexis to students and make an attempt with them to analyse scientific texts from an interdisciplinary perspective. It is also important to familiarize students with the editorial rules applicable to diploma dissertations, both bachelor’s and master’s in French as well as the criteria of textuality, in-cluding cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality, and intertextuality (R.A. De Beaugrande, W.U. Dressler).

13

Metafory konceptualne wyrażające wiarę w życie wieczne w tekstach reprezentatywnych

75%

Kasprzak D.

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nr 2

EN

When working thought these texts, it was found that the conceptual metaphors used, to describe faith in eternal life, were overwhelmingly positive ones. These biblical metaphors were then developed by successive Church Fathers, which helped to create a universal Christian language. In conclusion, these eschatological conceptual metaphors, related to heaven, show the unity and progressive nature of the Christian theological Tradition.

PL

Analizowane w artykule metafory konceptualne, które wyrażają wiarę w życie wieczne, są oddawane jako archetypy pozytywne. Zarówno metafory przestrzenne, jak i metafory ontologiczne są wiodącymi schematami wyobrażeniowymi dotyczącymi miejsc nadprzyrodzonych czy cech tych miejsc. Rozważane metafory tworzyły uniwersalny język chrześcijański, a przez swą obrazowość angażowały wyobraźnię wiernych, wzbogacając uczuciowe reakcje czytelnika na przekaz teologiczny dotyczący tematyki nieba i wieczności.

14

Generic space revisited: A cognitive-pragmatic analysis of the conceptual structure in Cars 1

63%

Redzimska J.

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nr 10

59-73

EN

The present paper is centered around the culturally-conditioned model of conceptual blending. The hypothesis assumes that this unique model is realized in a specific way and it influences the meaning construction in cartoon films for children. Since the introduction of the model of conceptual blending (Fauconnier and Turner 2003), it has been often used as an alternative method to a conceptual theory of metaphor. The case study is based on Cars 1 and the analysis reveals that the most significant element of the blend is the generic space. Consequently, the generic space is a complex conceptual structure that in the further process decides about the frames for the conceptual blending. Additionally, the paper deals with personification (as a kind of metaphorical process) that enhances the humorous effect of this cartoon film.

FR

Le présent article est centré sur le modèle conditionné culturellement du mélange conceptuel. L’hypothèse suppose que ce modèle unique est réalisé d’une manière spécifique et qu’il influence la construction de la signification dans les dessins animés pour les enfants. Dès l’introduction du modèle du mélange conceptuel (Fauconnier et Turner 2003), il a été souvent utilisé comme une méthode alternative à la théorie conceptuelle de la métaphore. L’étude de cas est basée sur le film Cars : Quatre Roues et l’analyse révèle que l’espace générique constitue l’élément le plus signifiant du mélange. Par conséquent, l’espace générique est une structure conceptuelle complexe qui détermine ensuite les cadres du mélange conceptuel. En outre, l’article traite de la personnification (vu comme une sorte de processus métaphorique) qui augmente l’effet humoristique de ce dessin animé.

15

“Ham or Trichinosis?”: Conceptual Metaphors of Food in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Writings

63%

Augustynowicz N.

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2019

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tom 32(1)

45-60

EN

The aim of this article is to discuss conceptual food metaphors found in the works of Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Using the multidisciplinary framework of cognitive food studies, the writer’s poetry and journalism are shown to contain conceptualisations resulting from the changes in Victorian foodscapes. Gilman was aware of the commercial contamination of food, which involved its adulteration with harmful additives and unhygienic methods of industrial food production. These practices led to a gradual loss of trust towards the alimentary sphere. In this perspective, the anxieties of dealing with omnipresent adulteration and uncertainty about the quality of food delivered to the plate, which had weight in particular in the case of women in charge of a household, became recreated into food-based metaphors that helped to conceptualise the fear and later travelled into other domains of Gilman’s preoccupations, such as the social responsibility of journalism. In a curious mix of socially, historically and individually guided experiences, Gilman’s metaphors serve as a testimony to the concerns of the late Victorian period.

16

Zu der Schnittstelle zwischen den konzeptuellen Metaphern und Konzeptualisierungen am Beispiel ausgewählter Nominalphrasen mit adjektivischem Attribut

63%

Mazurkiewicz-Sokołowska J.

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nr 25

151-168

DE

Der Text versteht sich als ein Beitrag zur Diskussion über den Charakter von Sprache und Denken. Von der Annahme über seinen allgemein metaphorischen Charakter ausgehend, soll auf eine Schnittstelle zwischen der allgemeinen Dimension des Begriffssystems und der individuellen Dimension der Konzeptualisierungen einzelner Menschen verwiesen werden. Die gegenseitigen Wechselbeziehungen beider Dimensionen werden an ausgewählten Beispielen illustriert.

EN

The paper is a contribution to the discussion about the nature of language and thinking. Taking the assumption about its universal metaphorical nature as a starting point, we want to draw the attention to an interface of the system of concepts’ universal dimension and the individual dimension of the conceptualizations of particular people. The interrelationship between the two dimensions is presented with the use of selected examples.

PL

Artykuł stanowi przyczynek do dyskusji o charakterze myślenia i języka. Wychodząc z założenia o generalnie metaforycznym charakterze tych procesów zwraca się uwagę na mechanizmy zachodzące na styku ogólnego pojmowania systemu pojęciowego i indywidualnych konceptualizacji poszczególnych ludzi. Ilustracji wzajemnego oddziaływania mechanizmów ścierających się na styku obu płaszczyzn służą analizowane przykłady.

17

The Metaphor in the Public (Political) Discourse in the Macedonian Language at the Time of Elections

63%

Venovska-Antevska S.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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nr 4(30)

105-114

EN

Cognitive linguistic researches basically place metaphors as tool and as a cognitive ability to join the motivation and the real message they convey on one hand, and the textual analysis which serves to view metaphor as a result of the cultural and communication experience in expressing attitudes motivated by previously acquired knowledge. The use of the conceptual and conventional metaphor expressions in the public (political) discourse through examples in the Macedonian language portrays the conceptual integration as an inevitable approach in the interpretation of the metaphor in a minimal context. The examples of metaphors are increasingly present at time of elections. What is characteristic of the Macedonian political discourse is that during the last six years there is continuity in the dynamics. The appearance of the metaphors is integrated within the rhetoric strategy, which appears to be effective. There is a selection and a qualitative analysis of the metaphors in the Macedonian language which are used in the public (political) discourse.

18

Konzeptualisierung der Emotionen ‚Überraschung‘ und ‚Wut‘ vor dem Hintergrund der konzeptuellen Metaphern GUT IST OBEN und SCHLECHT IST UNTEN

63%

Mazurkiewicz-Sokołowska J.

Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia

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2022

|

nr 31

117-131

PL

Artykuł podejmuje problem zakresu oddziaływania metafor konceptualnych DOBRE U GÓRY i ZŁE U DOŁU w odniesieniu do emocji na przykładzie emocji ‘zaskoczenieʼ i ‘wściekłośćʼ. Przedmiotem dyskusji jest teza, że pozytywne emocje są przestrzennie lokalizowane wyżej, a negatywne niżej. Punkt wyjścia dla rozważań stanowi badanie Marmolejo-Ramos et al. (2017) dotyczące przestrzennej lokalizacji emocji ‘zaskoczenieʼ w porównaniu do przestrzennej lokalizacji emocji ‘radośćʼ i ‘smutekʼ. Na przykładzie emocji ‘wściekłośćʼ pokazano, że generalizujący charakter tej tezy nie obejmuje wszystkich emocji. W artykule zaprezentowano trzy eksperymenty przeprowadzone na polskojęzycznych osobach badanych. Uzyskane wyniki poddano dalszej dyskusji w kontekście relacji język-myślenie.

EN

The paper explores the question of the scope of the conceptual metaphors GOOD IS UP and BAD IS DOWN for emotions using the example of the emotions ‘surpriseʼ and ‘angerʼ. It discusses the thesis that positive emotions are localized upper and negative ones lower by the person. The starting point is the study by Marmolejo-Ramos et al. (2017) regarding the spatial localization of the emotion ‘surpriseʼ compared to the spatial localization of the emotions ‘joyʼ and ‘sadnessʼ. Using the example of the emotion ‘angerʼ, it is shown that the generalizing character of this thesis does not apply to all emotions. The paper presents three experiments conducted on Polish subjects. The results are discussed further with regard to the language-thought relation.

DE

Der Beitrag greift die Frage nach dem Geltungsbereich der konzeptuellen Metaphern GUT IST OBEN und SCHLECHT IST UNTEN für die Emotionen am Beispiel der Emotionen ‚Überraschung‘ und ‚Wut‘ auf. Diskutiert wird die These, dass positive Emotionen von den Menschen räumlich oben und negative unten lokalisiert werden. Den Ausgangspunkt für die Erörterungen bildet die Untersuchung von Marmolejo-Ramos et al. (2017) zu der räumlichen Lokalisation der Emotion ‚Überraschung‘ im Vergleich zu der räumlichen Lokalisation der Emotionen ‚Freude‘ und ‚Traurigkeit‘. Am Beispiel der Emotion ‚Wut‘ wird gezeigt, dass der generalisierende Charakter dieser These nicht auf alle Emotionen zutrifft. Im Beitrag werden drei Experimente präsentiert, die an polnischen Probanden durchgeführt wurden. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die Sprache-Denken-Relation weiter diskutiert.

19

Myślenie artystyczne i myślenie mityczne

63%

Sapeńko R.

Rocznik Lubuski

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2018

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tom 44

|

nr 2

179-193

PL

W artykule podjęto probę ukazania podobieństw i rożnic między myśleniem artystycznym a mitycznym postrzeganiem świata. Analizując transformację myślenia mitycznego w artystyczne, wskazano na rolę w tym procesie mechanizmu metafory pojęciowej.

EN

The author attempts to show similarities and differences between artistic and mythical perceptions of the world. Analysing the transformation of mythical thinking into artistic thinking, the article shows the role of the conceptual metaphor mechanism in this process.

20

Metafory konceptualne w niemieckich związkach frazeologicznych odnoszących się do ludzkich procesów poznawczych

63%

Iwaniak K.

Językoznawstwo

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2021

|

tom 15

199-210

EN

The aim of the paper is to elaborate on conceptual metaphors as a fundamental scheme of human cognition and conceptualization of abstract thinking. The article describes the way they are created and how they exist in the everyday language. Attention has been predominantly directed to phraseological units that often are used to capture the metaphors and express the underlying concepts in the language. The analysis included phrasological units referring to the sphere of human mind.

PL

Artykuł porusza zagadnienie metafor konceptualnych jako podstawowego narzędzia ludzkiego poznania i konceptualizacji pojęć abstrakcyjnych. Opisuje sposób ich tworzenia oraz funkcjonowania w języku potocznym. Tekst zwraca uwagę na rolę związków frazeologicznych jako językowych sposobów realizacji metafor poznawczych. Analizie poddano wybrane związki frazeologiczne odnoszące się do sfery ludzkiego umysłu.