Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Purification and some properties of exo-1,4-beta-glucanase from Chaetomium olivaceum

100%

El-Gindy A. A. , Saad R. R. , Fawzi E.

Acta Microbiologica Polonica

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2003

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tom 52

|

nr 1

2

Screening of cellulase and pectinase by using Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis

88%

Reetha S. , Selvakumar G. , Bhuvaneswari G. , Thamizhiniyan P. , Ravimycin T.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2014

|

tom 08

|

nr 2

EN

A study was conducted to determine the Production of cellulase and pectinase enzyme by using Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria like Pseudomonas fluorescence and Bacillus subtilis. These to micro organism are isolated by serial dilution method. One gram of soil sample was diluted in to 10 ml of sterile distilled water and 1 ml of sample solution was serially diluted in 9ml of sterile water up to 10 dilution. Each sample from dilution 10-5 and 10-6 were taken and streaked in to KB and NA medium and incubate at 24 hrs. After 24 hrs Pseudomonas fluorescence and Bacillus subtilis was observed in the medium of KB and NA medium. Both the culture was sub cultured and maintain in the same for the further work. CMCase medium was prepared and sterilized by autoclave for 121 ºC for 15 minutes after sterilization these medium contain petriplate was streaked by bacteria and incubates for 48h after incubation period a clear halo zone was produced by these bacteria among these bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescence are able to produce high amount of cellulose compare to Bacillus subtilis. Pectin agar medium was prepared and sterilized by autoclave for 121 ºC for 15 minutes after sterilization these medium contain petriplate was streaked by bacteria incubates for 48h after incubation period a clear halo zone was produced by these bacteria, among these bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescence are able to produce high amount of Pectinase compare to Bacillus subtilis. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms.

3

Protein, Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Content of Fungal Treated Annual and Perennial Wheat Straw

88%

Kurmanbayeva M. , Makhatov Z. , Kusmangazinov A. , Karabalayeva D. , Yerezhepova N.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, nr 12

235–-246

EN

The use of wheat straw as a cellulose containing raw material for the production of sugars and other biologically valuable products can solve the problem of food products shortages, by supplying oligosaccharides, xylose and other valuable metabolites of microbial synthesis. In our experiment, straw of annual spring wheat of the Tulkibas variety and perennial wheat of the Sova variety was added to the enzyme solutions of Trichoderma harzianum 121 and Aspergillus awamori F-RKM 0719 strains. As a result, the variant A. awamori F-RKM 0719 + Sova straw showed the highest level of nitrogen (1.05%) and protein (6.5%). The highest concentration of amino acids, 7.14 mg/ml, was found in the perennial wheat sample, while the lowest concentration, 1.32 mg/ml, in the annual wheat sample. The total carbohydrate content in the straw of the annual and perennial wheat varieties differed, namely, the perennial wheat straw with the addition of A. awamori F-RKM 0719, contained fructose in the amount of 0.0079 mg/g, while in the annual wheat it was absent. The glucose content in the perennial wheat straw was three times higher than in the annual wheat straw, 0.0144 and 0.0035 mg/g, respectively. Based on our results, we recommend wheat straw for the use as a raw material for chemical and microbiological processing.

4

Investigation of Enzymatic Degradation of Solid Winemaking Wastes

75%

Krusir G. , Sagdeeva O. , Malovanyy M. , Shunko H. , Gnizdovskyi O.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 2

72--79

EN

The work is devoted to the research of the enzymatic destruction process of solid waste of the primary winemaking enterprises the introduction of advanced technology of their utilization and creation of optimally balanced feed additive. The processing of grapes produces waste, the storage and accumulation of which in environmental components leads to the loss of valuable resource in the composition of waste and leads to the creation of increased levels of environmental hazards. Enzymatic degradation of cellulose in the composition of waste by the cellulase enzyme through the microorganisms’ action is the basis of the biotechnological process. To implement this process, it is necessary to determine the main parameters and modes of the bioconversion process, investigation of which the study is devoted. The basic characteristics of the enzymatic degradation process were determined and data were obtained for the technology improvement of solid waste utilization of the wine industry enterprises. Comparative analysis of bioconversion of different types of waste proves that the cellulose enzymatic degradation is the most effective for the grape pomace in the waste, allows us to obtain valuable feed additive and reduce the environmental danger level.

5

Cellulase inhibits Burkholderia cepacia biofilms on diverse prosthetic materials

75%

Rajasekharan S. K. , Ramesh S.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

|

2013

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tom 62

|

nr 3

EN

Burkholderia cepacia is an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. Patients with implanted devices are prone to B. cepacia infections due to its ability to grow as biofilms. Knowing the importance of polysaccharides in a biofilm, enzymes that degrade them were targeted as a possible candidate for antibiofilm agents. In this study, the antibiofilm potential of cellulase against B. cepacia biofilms formed on various prosthetic materials was tested. Cellulase exhibited significant antibiofilm activity against B. cepacia without having much action on its growth, thus ruling out the chance of selection pressure and subsequent development resistance.

6

Expression of cellulases and expansins during induction and maintainance of syncytia induced by potato cyst nematode [Globodera rostochiensis] in roots of susceptible tomato

75%

Sobczak M. , Fudali S. , Janakowski S. , Karczmarek A. , Golinowski W.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

|

2003

|

tom 01

7

Immunocytochemical localisation of cellulases in tomoto roots infected with potato cyst nematodes

75%

Kurek W. , Lichocka M. , Golinowski W.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

|

2003

|

tom 01

8

New inducers for cellulases production by Trichoderma reesei M-7

75%

Janas P. , Targonski Z. , Mleko S.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Food Science and Technology

|

2002

|

tom 05

|

nr 1

EN

The aim of work was to examine the influence of lactobionic acid, gluconic acid, delta-gluconolactone, lactulose and sorbitol on the production of cellulases by mutant strain Trichoderma reesei M-7 during batch and continuous cultivation. Positive results were achieved in the presence of lactobionic acid and lactulose as inducers. In both cases the highest inductive effect of cellulase production was observed in the presence of 1% mixtures of above mentioned substrates at the ratio 1:1 (0.5% : 0.5%) with lactose. (about 20% higher than that observed in the presence of 1% of lactose) The induction mechanism of lactobionic acid and lactulose may be attributed by slow rate of their utilisation (slower than lactose). Explanation of the inductive mechanism of lactose, lactobionic acid and lactulose on cellulases production by Trichoderma reesei demands further investigations among other with using a purified beta-galactosidase enzyme.

9

Screening and characterization of thermo-active enzymes of biotechnological interest produced by thermophilic Bacillus isolated from hot springs in Tunisia

63%

Thebti W. , Riahi Y. , Gharsalli R. , Belhadj O.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2016

|

tom 63

|

nr 3

581-587

EN

As part of the contribution to the global efforts in research of thermostable enzymes being of industrial interest, we focus on the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from Tunisian hot springs. Among the collection of 161 strains of thermophilic Bacillus isolated from different samples of thermal water in Tunisia, 20% are capable of growing at 100°C and the rest grow at 70°C or above. Preliminary activity tests on media supplemented with enzyme-substrates confirmed that 35 strains produced amylases, 37 - proteases, 43 - cellulases, 31 - xylanases and 37 - mannanases. The study of the effect of temperature on enzyme activity led to determination of the optimal temperatures of activities that vary between 60 and 100°C. Several enzymes were active at high temperatures (80, 90 and 100°C) and kept their activity even at 110°C. Several isolated strains producing enzymes with high optimal temperatures of activity were described for the first time in this study. Both strains B62 and B120 are producers of amylase, protease, cellulase, xylanase, and mannanase. The sequencing of 16S DNA identified isolated strains as Geobacillus kaustophillus, Aeribacillus pallidus, Geobacillus galactosidasus and Geobacillus toebii.

10

Celulaza immobilizowana na kopolimerach N-winyloformamidu: Wpływ immobilizacji na aktywność katalityczną enzymu

63%

Sokołowska K. , Konieczna-Molenda A. , Witek E.

Chemik

|

2015

|

tom Vol. 69, nr 8

447--454

PL

Badano wpływ immobilizacji celulazy z Aspergillus sp EC 3.2.1.4. na aktywność katalityczną w reakcji enzymatycznej hydrolizy celulozy. Celulazę immobilizowano na hydrofilowych polimerowych nośnikach z grupami formamidowymi i pierwszorzędowymi grupami aminowymi. Nośniki syntezowano w procesie wolnorodnikowej kopolimeryzacji strąceniowej N-winyloformamidu (NVF) z diwinylobenzenem (DVB). Reaktywne pierwszorzędowe grupy aminowe w kopolimerze generowano na drodze reakcji hydrolizy w środowisku alkalicznym. Celulazę immobilizowano kowalencyjnie za pośrednictwem aldehydu glutarowego (GA) na nośniku z grupami aminowymi lub adsorbowano na nośniku z grupami formamidowymi. Otrzymane heterogeniczne biokatalizatory testowano w reakcji hydrolizy celulozy mikrokrystalicznej. Stwierdzono, że aktywność celulazy immobilizowanej na obu badanych nośnikach była większa niż dla enzymu w stanie natywnym.

EN

Immobilization effect of cellulase from Aspergillus sp. EC 3.2.1.4. catalytic activity in reaction of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose has been studied. Cellulase immobilized on a hydrophilic polymer carriers with formamide groups and primary amino groups. The carriers were synthesized in a free radical copolymerization of N-vinylformamide (NVF) with divinylbenzene (DVB). The reactive primary amino groups in the copolymer were generated by decarboxylation formamide groups in an alkaline medium. Cellulase was covalently immobilized via glutaraldehyde (GA) on the support with amino groups and adsorbed on a support with formamide groups. The resulting heterogeneous biocatalysts tested in the hydrolysis reaction microcrystalline cellulose. It was found that immobilized cellulase activity on both carriers tested was greater than the enzyme in the native state.

11

Enzyme-assisted turmeric oil extraction from turmeric rhizomes

63%

Chandra A. , Rekhi H. , Dharmender , Gautam A. K. , Arya R. K.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 43, nr 2

183-–191

EN

An enzyme-assisted modified steam distillation process was adopted to extract turmeric oil from Curcuma longa L. rhizomes. The diastase, xylose, cellulase, pectinase, and lipase enzymes were used for the pre-treatment of fresh turmeric rhizome to obtain a higher yield by rapturing biological cells. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of turmeric oil was performed by GC–MS. The various influencing parameters for the extraction of turmeric oil such as an enzyme, incubation/pre-treatment time, distillation time have been studied in the present work. The obtained turmeric oil by enzymatic pretreatment process is richer in bioactive/medicinal components than in the other traditional methods. The maximum yield was obtained with cellulase enzyme, which is 25–27% higher than the yield obtained by the traditional hydro distillation process. The detailed qualitative and quantitative analyses are also presented. The present method can be considered energy-efficient, effective, economical, and eco-friendly.

12

Effect of cellulase and xylanase on in vitro TMR digestibility and the performance of dairy cows

63%

Wylegala S. , Nowak W. , Kruczynska H.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

|

2006

|

tom 03

265-269

13

Scouring of Cotton with Cellulases, Pectinases and Proteases

63%

Karapinar E. , Sariisik M. O.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

|

2004

|

tom Vol. 12, no. 3 (47)

79--82

EN

Cotton may contain between 4 and 12% by weight of impurities in the form of waxes, proteins, pectins, ash, and miscellaneous substances such as pigments, hemicelluloses and reducing sugars. These impurities are removed from the fabric by scouring, since their hydrophobic nature negatively affects the enhancement of the fabric’s wettability and absorbency. In this work, pectinase, protease and cellulase were used in various combinations for different treatment times, either in the baths containing one enzyme or different enzyme combinations, in order to evaluate the effects of these enzymes on 100% cotton fabric’s wettability and absorbency. At the end of the enzymatic and alkaline scourings, the wettability and absorbency properties of the garments were evaluated in terms of wettability, CIE*L, WI values and pectin analysis by Ruthenium Red dyeing. Furthermore, the effects of bioscouring on bleaching and dyeing were also investigated. At the end of the evaluation tests, it was found that in order to achieve adequate wettability and absorbency, cellulase + pectinase and cellulase + pectinase + protease gave better results than other enzymatic combinations.

PL

Bawełna może zawierać od 4% do 12% (wagowo) zanieczyszczeń w postaci wosków, protein, pektyn, popiołów i innych substancji, takich jak pigmenty, hemiceluloza i cukry. Zanieczyszczenia te usuwa się z tkanin poprzez pranie, ponieważ ich hydrofobowe właściwości wpływają negatywnie na zwilżalność i absorpcję tkanin. W opisanych badaniach zastosowano celulozy, pektynazy i proteinazy w różnych kombinacjach, różnych kąpielach i przy różnych warunkach temperaturowych i czasowych, dla zbadania ich wpływu na zwilżalność i absorpcję 100% tkanin bawełnianych. Po praniu enzymatycznym i alkalicznym badano zwilżalność, wartość CIE*L i WI oraz analizowano pektyny poprzez barwienie czerwienią rutenową. Dodatkowo badano efekty podwójnego prania, bielenia i barwienia. Stwierdzono, że najlepsze wyniki otrzymuje się, stosując zestawy: celulozy + pektynazy oraz celulozy + pektynazy + proteinazy.

14

Progress in Biomodification of Cellulose Pulps by Cellulases and Xylanases

63%

Ciechańska D.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

|

2001

|

tom Vol. 9, no. 3 (34)

64--68

EN

The studies conducted at the Institute of Chemical Fibres concerned the searching of new, ecological methods for pulp modification confirm the possibilities to apply these enzymes for the above purpose. The biomodification of cellulose has been carried out with high-specified cellulase and xylanase enzymes from fungi strains, such as Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei. Application of enzymes for cellulose modification makes it possible to link partial depolymerisation and degradation of cellulose with the changes of its molecular, supermolecular and morphological structure, leading to obtention of 98-99.5% soluble polymer in aq. sodium hydroxide. The aim of this paper is to present some results concerning the optimisation and scaling up of cellulose biomodification. Some physical-chemical properties of biomodified pulp, as well as the results of enzymatic hydrolisate analysis, are presented in this paper.

PL

W Instytucie Włókien Chemicznych w trakcie realizacji prac dotyczących poszukiwania nowych, ekologicznych metod modyfikacji masy celulozowej zwrócono uwagę na możliwość zastosowania do tego celu enzymów. Proces biomodyfikacji mas celulozowych prowadzony jest przy udziale wyspecjalizowanych enzymów z grupy celulaz i ksylanaz, pochodzących z fermentacji wgłębnej grzybów pleśniowych z rodzaju Aspergillus niger i Trichoderma reesei. Zastosowanie enzymów do modyfikacji celulozy umożliwia połączenie procesu częściowej depolimeryzacji celulozy z jej zmianami struktury cząsteczkowej, nadcząsteczkowej i morfologicznej prowadzącymi do otrzymania celulozy w 98-99.5% rozpuszczalnej w wodnym roztworze wodorotlenku sodowego. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki dotyczące optymalizacji i zwiększenia skali procesu biomodyfikacji celulozy. W artykule przedstawiono również wybrane właściwości fizyko-chemiczne biomodyfikowanej celulozy oraz analizę enzymatycznych hydrolizatów celulozy.

15

Production of extracellular enzymes by Trichoderma reesei M-7 on mixtures of lactose and glucose at different temperatures

63%

Janas P. , Targonski Z. , Udeh K. O. , Wasko A.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

|

2002

|

tom 11/52

|

nr 1

EN

Continuous cultivation of Trichodcnna reesei M-7 mutant was performed at different temperatures (26, 30 and 34°C) with 1% lactose or glucose alone or a total of 1% mixtures of both sugars at different ratio. The secretion of individual enzymes was affected by the ratio of cellulase inducer (lactose) to the repressor (glucose). The ratio of enzyme secretions was additionally modified by the temperature of cultivations. An insignificant increase of nonspecific activity of cellulases (FPU) and significant increase of aryl-ß-glucosidase activity were observed at 26°C with lactose/glucose ratio of 3:1 and 1:1. However, when cultivated both at 30 or 34°C, the cellulolytic activities (FPU) increased significantly in the presence of 1% glucose alone. The activity of xylanases increased significantly (about 8-fold) with lactose/glucose ratio of 1:1 at 30°C. The increased synthesis of lytic enzymes (proteases, ß-1,3-glucanases) correlated with increased glucose concentration in the feeding medium and this effect potentiated at 34°C of cultivation.

PL

Przeprowadzono hodowle ciągłe mutanta M-7 Trichoderma reesei w różnych temperaturach w obecności 1% laktozy, 1% mieszanin laktozy z glukozą i 1% glukozy. Zmiany ilościowego stosunku induktora celulaz (laktozy ) i represora (glukozy) w odmienny sposób wpływały na sekrecję poszczególnych enzymów podczas hodowli ciągłych Trichoderma reesei M-7. Dodatkowym czynnikiem modyfikującym te proporcje była temperatura hodowli. Glukoza w stężeniu 0,25% i 0,5% przy stężeniu laktozy 0,75% i 0,5% powodowała niewielkie podwyższenie niespecyficznej aktywności celulolitycznej FPU oraz wyraźny wzrost arylo-ß-glukozydazy podczas hodowli ciągłej T. reesei M-7 w temperaturze 26°C. Podwyższenie temperatury hodowli do 30 i 34°C zwiększyło wrażliwość enzymów celulolitycznych na obecność glukozy w podłożu. Podłoże hodowlane zawierające 0,5% laktozy i 0,5% glukozy wpływało na podwyższenie aktywności enzymów ksylanolitycznych podzas hodowli ciągłej T. reesei M-7 w temperaturze 30°C. Wzrost stężenia glukozy w podłożu hodowlanym był ponadto skorelowany z podwyższeniem aktywności enzymów autolitycznych tj. proteaz i ß-1,3-glukanaz. Efekt ten był szczególnie widoczny podczas hodowli ciągłej w temperaturze 34°C.

16

Production of cellulases during citric acid biosynthesis by solid-state fermentation

63%

Gasiorek E. , Lesniak W.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

|

2002

|

tom 11/52

|

nr 1

EN

The studies on optimisation of citric acid biosynthesis by solid-state fermentation of sugar-beet pulp as the major material have shown that not only mono- and disaccharides initially present in the material but also the products of cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolyses were the carbon sources. Therefore, in parallel with optimisation of citric acid production, the studies were undertaken on the activity of ccllulases and dynamics of their synthesis by Aspergillus niger, the strain used in the process. The fermentations were carried out by non-mixed system using 1 L beakers and by mixed system using 4.5 L rotating drum bioreactor. The activity of CMC-ase and xylanases for the non-mixed system increased to about 22.0 IU/g and that of FP-ase stayed on the level of about 4 IU/g dry matter, whereas for the mixed system the CMC-ase activity increased to about 35 IU/g dry matter on day five and that of FP-ase stayed on a similar level of about 5 IU/g dry matter. The content of reducing compounds increased by almost four times (to 390 g/kg dry matter) on the second day of fermentation and decreased to about 140 g/kg dry matter on the fifth day of fermentation. Glucose was utilised most rapidly among monosaccharides, being followed by arabinose and in part by mannose.

PL

W badaniach nad optymalizacją procesu biosyntezy kwasu cytrynowego metodą solid state z użyciem wysłodków buraczanych jako podstawowego surowca stwierdzono, że źródłem węgla są tu nie tylko cukry proste i dwucukry obecne w surowcu na początku hodowli lecz również produkty hydrolizy celulozy i hemicelulozy. Z tego względu, równocześnie z optymalizacją tworzenia kwasu cytrynowego podjęto badania nad aktywnością i dynamiką tworzenia enzymów celulolitycznych przez stosowany w tym procesie szczep Aspergilus niger S. Hodowle prowadzono metodą statyczną w zlewkach o pojemności 1 L oraz metodą dynamiczną w obrotowym bioreaktorze bębnowym o pojemności 4,5 L. W hodowli statycznej aktywność CM-celulazy oraz enzymów ksylanolitycznych rosła w trakcie hodowli do poziomu około 22,0 IU/g s.s. a aktywność FP-azy utrzymywała się na poziomie około 4 IU/g s.s. (rys. 1). Natomiast w hodowli dynamicznej aktywność CM-celulazy wzrosła do poziomu około 35 IU/g s.s. w piątej dobie hodowli a aktywność FP-azy utrzymywała się na zbliżonym poziomie około 5 IU/g s.s.(rys. 3, 4, tab. 2). Zawartość związków redukujących wzrosła w drugiej dobie hodowli prawie czterokrotnie (do 390 g/kg s.s.) i obniżyła się do około 140 g/kg s.s. w piątej dobie fermentacji. Wśród cukrów prostych najszybciej zużywana była glukoza a następnie arabinoza i częściowo mannoza (tab. 1, 3, rys. 2, 5).

17

Production of extracellular enzymes by low-protease mutants of Trichoderma reesei

63%

Janas P.

|

nr 2

EN

Cultivation has been performed of isolated earlier low-protease mutants and parental strain in the presence of novel inducers of cellulases production - lactulose and lactobionic acid mixed with lactose in the ratio 1:1. Nine among ten tested during batch cultivation low-protease mutants exhibited lower ability for the production of proteases than parental strain M-7. Higher enzymatic activities have been estimated (cellulolytic, xylanolytic and beta - galaktosidase) of culture filtrates during cultivation in the presence of mixtures of lactobionic acid and lactose in comparison to lactulose and lactose. Tested, during continuous cultivation, low-protease mutant T. reesei Mp5 exhibited high resistance for the temperature shifting. FPU activities of culture filtrates were stable in the high range of temperature of cultivation (26-34°C). In addition current knowledge about correlation between protease and other enzymes of culture fluids of selected filamentous fungi has been reviewed. The ways of preventing homologous and heterologous protein produced by fungi and bacteria from enzymatic cleavage by proteases have been also described. This work is an introduction for future studies on correlation between proteases and other enzymes in culture filtrates of Trichoderma reesei.

PL

Prowadzono hodowle wyizolowanych wcześniej niskoproteazowych mutantów i szczepu wyjściowego w obecności nowych induktorów produkcji celulaz - laktulozy i kwasu laktobionowego zmieszanych z laktozą w stosunku 1:1. Dziewięć spośród dziesięciu testowanych podczas hodowli okresowych niskoproteazowych mutantów wykazywało niższe uzdolnienia do produkcjii proteaz niż szczep rodzicielski M-7. Wartości aktywności enzymatycznej (celulolityczne, ksylanolityczne i beta-galaktozydazy) filtratów pohodowlanych oznaczane podczas hodowli w obecności mieszanin kwasu laktobionowego i laktozy były wyższe w porównaniu z laktulozą i laktozą. Testowany podczas hodowli ciągłej niskoproteazowy mutant Mp5 charakteryzował się dużą odpornością na zmiany temperatury. Aktywności FPU filtratów pohodowlanych były stabilne w szerokim zakresie temperatury hodowli (26-34°C). Dodatkowo w pracy przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat zależności między proteazami i innymi enzymami cieczy pohodowlanych u wybranych grzybów strzępkowych. Opisano również sposoby zabezpieczenia białek heterologicznych i homologicznych, produkowanych przez grzyby i bakterie przed enzymatycznym rozkładem przez proteazy.

18

Cellulolytic and pectolytic activity of bacilli isolated from the root-free soil and the rhizosphere of different forest trees

63%

Gierasimiuk J. , Strzelczyk E.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

|

2003

|

tom 45

19

Immunocytochemiczna lokalizacja celulazy w korzeniach rzepaku porazonych matwikiem burakowym [Heterodera schachtii]

51%

Gorecka M. , Kurek W. , Golinowski W.

Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops

|

2003

|

tom 24

|

nr 2

489-500

20

Aktywność metaboliczna grzybni trufli letniej Tuber aestivum/Tuber uncinatum Vittad

51%

Jankiewicz U. , Russel S. , Bagińska E. , Hilszczańska D.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

|

2015

|

tom T. 15, z. 1

59--68

PL

Celem prezentowanych badań było oznaczenie aktywności enzymów wydzielanych do podłoża przez dwie formy trufli letniej: Tuber aestivum i Tuber uncinatum Vittad. W pracy wykazano, że T. aestivum i T. uncinatum uwalniają do podłoża hodowlanego białka enzymatyczne o aktywności: lakazy, proteazy, lipazy oraz celulazy i ksylanazy. Analiza aktywności enzymatycznej w płynnych hodowlach obu form trufli letniej wykazała znaczne różnice biochemiczne pomiędzy nimi. Obserwowano zdecydowanie większą aktywność zewnątrzkomórkowych enzymów u T. aestivum, szczególnie lakazową i peptydazową. Wyniki badań wskazują na różną swoistość substratową lipaz wydzielanych przez te trufle: T. uncinatum syntetyzuje lipazy wykazujące aktywność tylko do octanu p-nitrofenolu, natomiast T. aestivum – także do palmitynianu p-nitrofenolu. W hodowlach obu form trufli wykryto niewielką aktywność celulolityczną i ksylanolityczną. Ksylanazy i celulazy oraz lakazy wydzielane przez grzybnię obu form tych trufli mogą brać udział w procesie zawiązywania symbiozy mykoryzowej.

EN

Truffle have long been appreciated for their culinary value. However, knowledge about their biochemical activity is still insufficient. Therefore, the aim of this study was to preliminarily assess the enzymatic activity of two forms of summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.). The results showed that studied fungi of the genus truffle (Tuber spp.) – T. aestivum and T. uncinatum secrete extracellular enzymatic proteins with activities of: laccase, protease lipase, cellulase and xylanase. The high activity of the enzyme was observed between 10th and 20th day of truffle cultivation in liquid culture. Higher activity of all tested enzymes was detected in the culture of T. aestivum. Significant differences observed in the level and kind of enzymatic activity might indicate different metabolic activity of studied forms of summer truffle.