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1
Content available Pojazdy z silnikami elektrycznymi
100%
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2008
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tom Nr 80
245-250
EN
The paper presents advantages and disadvantages of motor vehicles with electric motor. The paper discusses kind of electric motors and shows the methods of regulation circuits of electric motors. Estimate range and travel expenses of vehicles with electric motor are also presented in the paper. Traveling costs are compared for the internal-combustion engine and electric motor. The paper also discusses control method and shows the troubles of regulation circuits of electric motors.
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tom R. 55, nr 7
435-437
PL
W artykule przedstawiono metodę generacji par testowych pobudzających uszkodzenia opóźnieniowe. Źródłem par testowych jest zmodyfikowany rejestr MISR. Modyfikacja rejestru MISR polega na podwojeniu jego długości. Dzięki temu udało się ograniczyć do jednego liczbę słów programujących, a tym samym zrealizować generator par testowych bez jakiejkolwiek pamięci. To spowodowało, że uzyskano podobne rezultaty jak dla generatora par testowych z pamięcią ROM, co jest główną zaletą przedstawionego generatora par testowych.
EN
A method of generating test pairs for delay faults is presented in the paper. A modified MISR register is the source of test pairs. Modification of this register consists in doubling its length (Fig. 3). Test pairs are only generated at a half of the MISR register chosen outputs. Doubling the MISR register makes it possible to generate all possible test pairs, which was proved in the papers [2, 3, 4]. The disadvantage of this solution is too large number of clock cycles. The test pairs for the delay faults include a quite number of don't cares. It enables a considerable reduction of the test pairs. Minimising the number of test pairs means a smaller number of clock cycles at a very high coverage factor of the test pairs. The process of merging the test pairs is shown on example. The number of programming words is limited to only one due to this modification. In consequence, it enables producing a generator of test pairs without ROM. There are presented the experimental results of generating the test pairs for benchmarks of ISCAS'89. The number of benchmark inputs was limited to 32. The results are similar to those for the generator of test pairs with ROM [1, 2, 4] (Fig. 1). The coverage factor is somewhere between 65% and 95% at the sequence length ranging from 160 to 300k clock cycles. The main advantage of this solution is the lack of ROM.
4
Content available Koszt eksploatacji pojazdu elektrycznego
100%
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tom Nr 4(97)
49-52
EN
The paper presents advantages and disadvantages of motor vehicles with electric motor. The paper discusses kind of electric motors and shows the methods of regulation circuits of electric motors. Estimated range and travel expenses of vehicles with electric motor are also presented in the paper. Traveling costs are compared for the internal-combustion engine and electric motor.
PL
W artykule opisano prototypowe stanowisko laboratoryjne do uruchamiania silników z magnesami trwałymi. Stanowisko pozwala na badanie silników z magnesami trwałymi o mocy do ok. 1kW. To wymagało wykonanie falownika o odpowiedniej mocy. Interfejs JTAG procesora sygnałowego pozwala na rejestrację wyników pomiarowych w czasie rzeczywistym.
EN
The paper describes a laboratory workbench for prototyping and run tests of electric motors with permanent magnets. The workbench enables examination of permanent magnet motors with the power up to 1 kW. The solution required engineering of a frequency converter with sufficient output power. The workbench is provided with a signal processor with the JTAG interface to enable recording of test results in the real time mode.
7
63%
EN
The method of PMSM phase current measurement is presented in the paper. The shape of the chase current includes a lot of glitches. The software method of eliminating these glitches is necessary. Simple averaging of the block of probes is applied. Experimental results prove that the averaging is a key point for further calculations. Moreover, the PMSM motor operates more stable. This means a smaller difference between the set point and the actual speed during both no-load and load operation.
PL
W pracy zasygnalizowano konieczność testowania przesłuchów metodą test-per-clock przy pełnej szybkości zegara w sieciach długich połączeń między modułami w jednoukładowych systemach typu SoC. Do generacji testów zaproponowano rejestr LFSR (ang. Linear Feedback Shift Register) z wielomianem pierwotnym oraz z podwojoną liczbą przerzutników, w którym tylko co drugi przerzutnik jest podłączony do testowanej sieci połączeń. Przeprowadzono eksperymenty symulacyjne sprawdzające skuteczność ich wykorzystania do testowania przesłuchów objawiających się albo chwilowym zakłóceniem (szpilką) albo opóźnieniem zbocza.
EN
The paper is devoted to a test-per-clock method of an at-speed testing of crosstalk faults in long interconnects between cores in a System-on-a-Chip. A LFSR composed of 2n flip-flops and implementing primitive polynomial was used as a Test Pattern Generator (TPG) for an interconnect network comprised of n nets. In our approach every second output of the LFSR is connected to the Interconnect Network Under Test. Simulation-based experiments were carried out to verify effectiveness of vector sequences produced by the proposed TPG in detection of crosstalk faults provoked at victim net by simultaneous occurrence of rising (falling) edges 01(10) at k aggressor lines. Crosstalk faults causing occurrence of a positive (negative) glitch at a victim line having constant value 00(11) as well as ones that lead to delaying an edge with an opposite direction 10(01) at a victim line were taken into consideration. The experimental results show that for n ? {8,12,16,20,24,28,32} and k << n all above-mentioned crosstalk faults can be detected by a test sequence having an acceptable length.
10
Content available Układy sterowania silnikiem PMSM
51%
EN
The paper concerns different aspects of driving the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The excitation in the PMSM motor is provided thanks to permanent magnet instead of the field windings. Special construction causes that the PMSM motor has sinusoidal back EMF. The motor requires sinusoidal stator currents to produce constant torque. Mathematical analysis is presented in the paper (d, q model). Elements of Park transform, which enables to calculate d, q variables from motor phase variables is also presented. The mathematical model is the base for the control driver proposition. Apart from the mathematical model, the laboratory model is presented in the paper. This model is adjusted to work out and test different algorithms of controlling hybrid vehicles. Proposition of control design of the PMSM motor using field oriented control (FOC) is included in the paper.
11
51%
PL
W artykule został przedstawiony model matematyczny bezszczotkowego silnika synchronicznego z magnesami trwałymi o sinusoidalnym rozkładzie SEM (PMSM). Integralną częścią artykułu jest również przedstawienie propozycji układu sterowania oraz dokonanie analizy możliwych jednostek centralnych, w których algorytmy sterowania silnikiem mogą zostać zaimplementowane.
EN
The paper concerns different aspects of driving the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The excitation in the PMSM motor is provided thanks to a permanent magnet instead of the field windings. Special construction causes that the PMSM motor has sinusoidal back EMF. The motor requires sinusoidal stator currents to produce a constant torque. Mathematical analysis (d, q model). is presented in the paper. Elements of the Park transform which enables calculating d, q variables from motor phase variables are also given. The mathematical model is the basis for proposition of a control driver. Different central processing units are considered: digital signal processor (DSP), microcontrollers with DSP support and programmable logic devices (especially field programmable logic devices). The most popular is the digital signal processor. However, dynamic development of microcontrollers and logic devices enables applying them as a central processing units in the control drivers. All the more so because modern microcontrollers and logic devices support digital signal control thanks to (among others) build-in multiply and accumulate blocks. The use of special DSP blocks is facilitated by means of libraries and tools like MATLAB&Simulink.
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