Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Survival of Polish Microenterprises in the First Years of Their Operations

100%

Wypych M.

Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa

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2007

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tom Sp. ed

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nr May 07

86-90

EN

For many companies, particularly for microenterprises, the first period of their business operations has been very difficult. The objective of this paper is to point out factors influencing the capacity for survival of the companies employing up to 9 employees which have started their operations in the period 2001-2002 and have survived in the market for 3 years. The relevant data compiled by Central Statistical Office have been taken into consideration. In this context the characteristics of the enterprises' were identified the factors instrumental for a market success.

2

Migracja wartości w przemysłowych spółkach giełdowych

100%

Wypych M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2016

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tom z. 93

505--514

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badania procesu migracji wartości w odniesieniu do giełdowych spółek, reprezentujących sektor przemysłowy. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy spółki przemysłowe są pozytywnie oceniane przez inwestorów giełdowych i kreują wartość dla właścicieli? Analiza obejmuje okres 2011-2015, a badaniu poddano 113 spółek. Wykazano, że spółki sprywatyzowane prezentują się korzystniej w porównaniu do spółek z udziałem Skarbu Państwa i na tle ogółu spółek giełdowych.

EN

The paper presents results of value migration process of stock – exchange’s industrial companies’ analysis. The answer to following question has been attempted: Are industrial companies are evaluated positively by investors and are they creating value for their owners. The analysis covers 2011-2015 years for 113 companies. The results show that private entities are in better condition than state treasury’s companies and whole stock – exchange companies.

3

Równowaga finansowa przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w okresie spowolnienia gospodarczego

100%

Wypych M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

|

2014

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tom z. 73

663--672

PL

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, w jakim stopniu niesprzyjające warunki makroekonomiczne prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej, wywołane globalnym kryzysem ekonomicznym, wpłynęły na równowagę finansową przedsiębiorstw. Badanie przeprowadzono w przedsiębiorstwach przemysłu przetwórczego, wykorzystując dane publikowane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny. Analiza obejmuje lata 2008-2012, a więc okres spowolnienia gospodarczego. Do oceny równowagi finansowej wykorzystano wskaźniki rentowności, płynności finansowej i zadłużenia. Przeprowadzona analiza jednoznacznie wykazała, że przedsiębiorstwa objęte badaniem zachowały równowagę finansową. Biorąc pod uwagę znaczący udział przemysłu przetwórczego w tworzeniu produktu krajowego można sądzić, że przyczyniło się to w pewnym stopniu do utrzymania w Polsce w latach 2008–2012 dodatniej dynamiki PKB.

EN

The purpose of submitted article is to evaluate the level of influence of macroeconomic conditions of doing business, caused by the global economic crisis on the financial stability of enterprises. The study was based on data published by the Central Statistical Office, concerning processing industry companies. The analysis covers the period 2008 – 2012, so the period of economic slowdown. To assess the financial stability has been used profitability, liquidity and debt indicators. The analysis clearly showed that the companies have managed to maintain the financial stability. Taking into consideration the high importance of processing industry in creating Gross Domestic Product, can be assumed that this industry contributed to maintaining positive GDP growth in analyzed period.

4

Giełdowe spółki z udziałem skarbu państwa – aspekty finansowe i pozycja rynkowa

100%

Wypych M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2017

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tom z. 108

431--440

PL

Spółka z udziałem Skarbu Państwa odzwierciedla fakt zaangażowania kapitałowego państwa w sferę gospodarczą. Jeżeli zaangażowanie to dotyczy spółek giełdowych, to można postawić hipotezę, że państwo pośrednio determinuje sytuację na rynku kapitałowym. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja tej hipotezy. Badaniem objęto spółki giełdowe, których udziałowcem jest Skarb Państwa. Scharakteryzowano stopień kontroli właścicielskiej, poddano analizie potencjał finansowy tych spółek oraz ich pozycję na rynku giełdowym.

EN

Companies owned by the State Treasury reflect the fact that the state capital is involved in the economic sphere. If this involvement is related to stock exchange companies, a hypothesis can be put forward that the state indirectly determines the situation on the capital market. The objective of this article is to verify this hypothesis. The study covers stock exchange companies owned by the State Treasury. The degree of ownership control has been characterized, the financial potential of these companies and their position on the stock exchange market have been analyzed.

5

Coniacian sandstones from the North Sudetic Synclinorium revisited: palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical reconstructions based on trace fossil analysis and associated body fossils

63%

Chrząstek A. , Wypych M.

Geologos

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2018

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tom Vol. 24, No. 1

29--53

EN

The Coniacian quartz sandstones (Żerkowice Member, Rakowice Wielkie Formation) that crop out at quarries near Czaple-Nowa Wieś Grodziska (North Sudetic Synclinorium) contain a low-diversity assemblage of trace fossils: Gyrochorte isp., Ophiomorpha nodosa Lundgren, 1891, Ophiomorpha isp., Phycodes cf. curvipalmatum (Pollard, 1981), ?Phycodes isp., Planolites cf. beverleyensis (Billings, 1862), Thalassinoides paradoxicus Woodward, 1830 and ?Thalassinoides isp. Moreover, interesting compound burrow systems, here referred to as Thalassinoides-Phycodes cf. palmatus and ?Thalassinoides-Phycodes, were recognised at the Czaple Quarry. Additionally, ?Gyrochorte isp., Phycodes cf. flabellum (Miller and Dyer, 1878) and ?Treptichnus isp. were encountered at correlative levels in the Rakowice Małe Quarry. Some of these ichnotaxa have not been recorded previously from Coniacian sandstones of the Żerkowice Member. Additionally, in slabs of these sandstones, the gastropod Nerinea bicincta Bronn, 1836 and the bivalve Lima haidingeri Zittel, 1866 were found. These interesting finds, in particular the gastropods, were already noted from the study area in the first half of the twentieth century by Scupin (1912–1913). Ethologically, the trace fossil assemblage is represented by domichnia or domichnia/fodinichnia (Ophiomorpha, Thalassinoides), fodinichnia (Phycodes) and pascichnia (Gyrochorte, Planolites). The compound burrow systems (Thalassinoides-Phycodes) are interpreted as dwelling/feeding structures. The possible tracemakers are crustaceans (Ophiomorpha, Thalassinoides) or worm-like animals (annelids and other) (Planolites, ?Phycodes, Gyrochorte and ?Treptichnus). The assemblage of trace fossils is characteristic of the Skolithos ichnofacies and Cruziana ichnofacies, typical of shallow-marine settings. Ichnological studies, as well as the presence of accompanying fossils (bivalves, gastropods), confirm the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Żerkowice Member sandstones by Leszczyński (2010). That author interpreted the Coniacian sandstones as bar and storm deposits laid down in a shallow epicontinental sea (mainly the foreshore-upper shoreface; up to the middle shoreface) under normal oxygenation and salinity, in soft substrate, above fair-weather wave base. The deposition of the Żerkowice Member sandstones is linked to a regression that started after uplift of the southeastern part of the North Sudetic Synclinorium.

6

Spatially structured synchronized intracortical activity is averages in EEG scull recordings

51%

Ghazaryn A. , Bekisz M. , Wypych M. , Wrobel A.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2001

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tom 61

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nr 3

7

Straty ciśnienia spowodowane wysunięciem uszczelki w połączeniu kołnierzowym

51%

Jankowski S. , Maciejewska M. , Wypych M. , Oleśkowicz-Popiel C.

Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja

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2000

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tom R. 31, nr 11

3-5

8

Modelling the neural network of the upper layers of the superior colliculus

51%

Wypych M. , Mochol G. , Waleszczyk W. J. , Wrobel A.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2007

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tom 67

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nr 3

9

Linguistic aspects of text normalization in a polish text-to-speech system

51%

Graliński F. , Jassem K. , Wagner A. , Wypych M.

Systems Science

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2006

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tom Vol. 32, no 4

7-15

EN

The paper addresses linguistic problems of text normalization for the Polish language. Text normalization, which converts the written form of a text into the spoken form, is one of the preprocessing steps in text-to-speech systems. Normalization of texts in analytic languages like English does not necessarily require deep linguistic analysis. However, it is shown here that for synthetic languages, like Polish, linguistic analysis is crucial for the normalization process. Existing Polish text-to-speech systems, even though highly estimated for the naturalness of output, do not solve main normalization problems. The authors’ team aims at developing a text-to-speech system that will include a strong text normalization module. The idea is to design the module using linguistic resources and mechanisms developed for a Machine Translation system, Translatica. Progress of research may be followed at www.poleng.pl, where the user may input a source Polish text in the written form and obtain its "translation" after normalization.

10

Role of inhibition in shaping reliability: trial-by-trial variability of visual responses in superior colliculus is influenced by GABA

51%

Wypych M. , Mochol G. , Foik A. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2011

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tom 71

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nr S

EN

Previously we have shown that variability of visual responses of superior colliculus (SC) neurons depended on whether the main visual input to the cell was of Y- or W-channel origin (Mochol et al. 2010). To better understand the mechanisms underlying previous finding in this study we test whether GABAergic system influences the variability of SC visual responses. In acute experiments on anesthetized cats extracellular responses of single neurons to spot of light moving in broad range of velocities were recorded from retinorecipient, superficial layers of SC, allowing to determine the Y- or W-channel input. Simultaneously local iontophoretic injections of GABA (nonspecific GABA receptors agonist) or bicuculline (GABAA receptors antagonist) were performed. Trial-by-trial variability was assessed with Fano factor (FF; ratio of variance of spike counts to mean number of spikes in a given period of time). In the majority of cells application of GABA resulted in decrease of firing rate (FR) and changes of FF. These changes were consistent with previously found correlations between FR and FF. If major input to the tested neuron was of Y-channel origin and changes in FF correlated negatively with changes in FR, GABA-induced decrease of FR was accompanied by an increase of FF. In the case of major W-type input the result was opposite: FF followed changes in FR, consistent with positive correlation between the two in control trials. Injection of bicuculline however, which typically resulted in an increase of neural activity, did not lead to coherent changes of variability. The FF could change slightly or remain unchanged independently of the correlation of FF and FR in control trials. Our results show that GABAergic system may play different roles in shaping the reliability of visual responses in SC depending on the origin of visual input and types of GABA receptors involved. Supported by Polish MSHE grant N N303 070234.

11

A survey of Alvis communication modes

51%

Szpyrka M. , Biernacki J. , Matyasik P. , Wypych M.

International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science

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2017

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tom Vol. 8, nr 1

1--9

EN

Concurrent systems appear natural and intuitive solution for many real IT problems. However, designing a more complex concurrent system is a difficult task. The main problem is that for systems that have more than several subsystems it becomes difficult to control their properties at the design stage. Applications of formal methods in the development process may remarkable reduce the problem. An important issue is to choose a suitable formal modelling language, that supports the required methods of communication between subsystems. The paper provides a survey of communication modes introduced to the Alvis modelling language and discusses how the communication modes may be used while modelling concurrent systems.

12

Oscillations in the activity of superior colliculus neurons: locked or non-locked to visual stimulus?

51%

Foik A. , Mochol G. , Wypych M. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2011

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tom 71

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nr S

EN

It is suggested that oscillatory activity of visual neurons plays an important role in encoding of information about stimuli. There are a number of publications on oscillations in the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway, but less is known about oscillatory activity in the extrageniculate pathway. We try to understand the role of oscillations in the processing of visual information in the superior colliculus (SC), the first, retinorecipient structure of the extrageniculate pathway, playing an important role in visual perception, spatial localization of an object of interest, saccadic eye movements and visually guided behavior. Extracellular single unit activity was recorded from superficial layers of the SC in anesthetized and paralyzed cats. Recordings were performed during periods without visual stimulation and also during visual stimulation with spot of light moving in a broad range of velocities or flashing at different locations of the receptive field in pseudo-random order. Autocorrelation function and Fourier transform were calculated for background as well as for evoked neuronal activity. Two variants of autocorrelation method revealed two kinds of oscillatory patterns: non-locked and locked to stimulus onset. First type of oscillations was found in the majority of analyzed cells during visually evoked activity and the frequency patterns of these oscillations were in many cases similar to those observed in background activity. The stimulus-locked oscillations were observed in about half of recorded cells and strength of these oscillations varied depending on firing rate, stimulus velocity and direction. Such oscillations were clearly visible in the case of fast changes in the receptive field of tested neuron. Since two types of oscillations occurred independently and sometimes simultaneously in the recorded activity, thus they may play different role in the processing of visual information by collicular neurons. Supported by Polish MSHE grant N N303 070234.

13

Optoelektroniczne symulatory sytuacji taktycznych i operacyjnych jako elementy poligonu laserowego

45%

Gawlikowski A. , Marczak J. , Młodzianko A. , Wypych M. , Zygmunt M.

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

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1998

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tom R. 27, nr 66

129--139

PL

W referacie przedstawia się opracowane i wdrożone do produkcji laserowe symulatory strzelań dla pojedynczego żołnierza oraz wozów bojowych. Omawia się i prezentuje zalety symulatorów w procesie szkolenia wojsk oraz ich tendencje rozwojowe. Ponadto przedstawia się koncepcję "poligonu laserowego" z zastosowaniem w/w elementów oraz innych metod i sposobów umożliwiających pełną kontrolę i symulację pola walki.

14

Spatio-temporal receptive field structure and direction preference of neurons in eat's superior colliculus

45%

Wypych M. , Ghazaryan A. , Borkowski W. , Wrobel A. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 3

15

Stimulus dependent oscillations in visually evoked activity of cat's superior colliculus

45%

Foik A. , Silva A. , Wypych M. , Mochol G. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2012

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tom 72

|

nr 2

EN

Visual information is transferred from retina to higher order cortical areas by few parallel pathways and encoded in different ways. In this study, we focused on encoding of visual information in the superior colliculus, which is the first stage of extrageniculate pathway. One of ways in which neurons encode information is rate coding based on the change in a number of action potentials in response to stimulus presentation. The other coding scheme is temporal coding, which include information about temporal patterns of neuronal spiking, present, for example, in the form of oscillations. The aim of this study was to reveal the presence of stimulus dependent oscillations in visually evoked activity of neurons in the superficial layers of the cat’s superior colliculus. Neuronal activity was recorded from anesthetized (isoflurane in N2O/O2) animals during visual stimulation by spot of light moving in broad range of velocities as well as during presentation of light spot flashing in random locations within the receptive field of recorded neuron. Oscillations were identified by means of auto-correlation and spectral analyses. We found stimulus dependent oscillations in half of tested neurons. Moreover, oscillatory activity appeared to depend on the stimulus velocity. Different measures of oscillations strength (SO), such as z-score, oscillation score or F-statistics revealed positive correlation between SO and velocity. Stimulus dependent oscillations appeared also in responses to onset of the light spot. These results suggest importance of oscillations for processing of information about fast changes within receptive fields of neurons in the extrageniculate pathway. Supposedly presence of oscillations in responses of collicular cells can increase probability of information transfer to higher level of visual processing. Supported by NCN grant N N303 820640.

16

Speed tuned cells in feline superior colliculus

45%

Waleszczyk W. J. , Nagy A. , Eordegh G. , Wypych M. , Benedek G.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2003

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tom 63

|

nr 5

17

Beyond the PSTH: point process modeling of spike trains

45%

Wojcik D. , Mochol G. , Wypych M. , Waleszczyk W. , Wrobel A.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2009

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tom 69

|

nr 3

EN

A prerequisite for a quantitative theory of neural coding is adequate description of spike trains. Fifty years ago it was understood that the probability to generate a spike at a given time from the stimulus onset – the post-stimulus time histogram (PSTH) – brings in useful information adding to the mean number of spikes in the trial. Today there is a growing consensus that one must go beyond the PSTH building more complex point process models of neural activity which can account, for basic physiological properties of spike fi ring, e.g. for the refractory properties or for adaptation mechanisms of the cell. We shall present some basic concepts of the point process theory in the context of the spike trains and present a simple method of estimation of a class of second order processes for stimulus-evoked activity. We will illustrate the results with an analysis of sample data from the cat superior colliculus. Supported by grants N401 146 31/3239 and 46/N-COST/2007/0.

18

Variability of visual responses of superior colliculus neurons depend on their velocity preferences

45%

Mochol G. , Wypych M. , Wojcik D. K. , Wrobel A. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2007

|

tom 67

|

nr 3

19

Model półprzewodnikowego dalmierza laserowego klasy 1 bezpieczeństwa

45%

Marczak J. A. , Gawlikowski A. , Wypych M. , Zygmunt M. , Młodzianko A.

Problemy Techniki Uzbrojenia

|

1999

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tom R. 28, z. 70

161--172

PL

W artykule, w oparciu o normy bezpieczeństwa dotyczące pracy z urządzeniami laserowymi PN-91/T-6700, przedstawiono procedurę postępowania i projektowania dalmierzy laserowych bezpiecznych dla oka, klasy 1 bezpieczeństwa. Wyniki analizy wpływu impulsowej mocy lasera, ilości generowanych impulsów, wielkości aparatury optyki odbiorczej na stosunek sygnału do szumu, przedstawione zostały na wykresach. Ponadto, przedstawione zostały niektóre wyniki badań zbudowanego, elektronicznego układu obróbki sygnału w zastosowanej w tym modelu dalmierza, technice odbioru sygnału spod szumu.

20

How does the firing rate of superior colliculus neurons correlate with image of brain activity?

45%

Moloch G. , Wypych M. , Foik A. , Wojcik D. , Waleszczyk W. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

|

2011

|

tom 71

|

nr S

EN

Firing rate of the majority of cells from superficial layers of cat’s superior colliculus (SC) is modulated in relatively long time scale. Such changes in spike generation do not depend on presented visual stimuli. To investigate whether these modulations of firing rate are related to changes in cortical states we analyzed visually evoked activity of SC neurons and electrocorticogram (ECoG) simultaneously recorded from the occipital lobe. The extracellular single unit activity was recorded from superficial, retinorecipient layers of the SC in anaesthetized and paralyzed cats. The level of anaesthesia was kept constant during recordings. As a visual stimulus we used light spot moving with different, randomly selected velocities. On average, each neuron was recorded continuously for 1 hour. Simultaneously we recorded ECoG from contralateral area 18 close to representation of the area centralis. The power spectra of ECoG data were calculated using fast Fourier transform in sliding windows. The firing rate of a given neuron was calculated in the same time windows and then correlated with the power in a given frequency band of ECoG. Most of the observed firing rate modulations were on the time scale from several to tens of minutes and were positively or negatively correlated with the changes in ECoG power in the band between 0.5 to 8 Hz, sometimes even to 13 Hz. For some neurons we also observed correlations between firing rate and power in the beta band (13 – 30 Hz) of ECoG and in most cases those correlations were opposite to correlations in lower bands. Rarely we observed also the relation between firing rate and the power of gamma band. Fast modulations of firing rate were not correlated with changes of ECoG power in any band. These results show that responsiveness of particular subpopulations of collicular neurons is differently related to the global state of brain activity. Supported by Polish MSHE grant N N303 070234.