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1

A novel laccase from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild medicinal mushroom Tricholoma matsutake

100%

Xu L. , Zhu M. , Chen X. , Wang H. , Zhang G.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2015

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tom 62

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nr 1

35-40

EN

The knowledge about biological activities of constituents from medicinal mushrooms belonging to the genus Tricholoma is limited. A 59-kDa laccase has now been purified from fresh fruiting bodies of the mushroom Tricholoma matsutake. The purification protocol entailed ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, affinity chromatography on ConA-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. Of the various affinity and ion exchange chromatographic media employed, the laccase bound only on Con A-Sepharose. The activity of the laccase did not undergo major changes over the temperature range 20-80°C. However, all activity vanished following exposure to 100°C for 10 minutes. The enzyme activity varied only slightly over the pH range 3-5, with the optimal pH of 5, but exhibited a precipitous decline when the pH was increased to 6, and was undetectable at pH 8 and 9. The laccase showed activity in the decolorization of azo dyes without a mediator. Its N-terminal sequence demonstrated only slight resemblance to those of other mushroom laccases. The newly described laccase is distinctive from the previously isolated Tricholoma mushroom laccases in a number of aspects.

2

Can the soil geology and chemistry analysis of a site predict the geographic origin of wild edible mushrooms (Porcini group)?

86%

Ambrosio E. , Marescotti P. , Benucci G. M. N. , Cecchi G. , Brancucci M. , Zotti M. , Mariotti M. G.

Acta Mycologica

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2019

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tom 54

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nr 2

3

Total mercury concentrations of wild edible mushrooms of the Borecka Forest and the adjacent area

86%

Falandysz J. , Monkiewicz E. , Klawikowska K. , Gucia M.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2001

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tom 10

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nr 1

EN

The total mercury concentrations of eleven species of common edible wild mushrooms of the genus Suillus, Xcrocomus, Boletus, Leccinum, Suillus, Annillariella, Russula, Lactarius and Lycoperdon collected from the Borecka Forest and the adjacent area in 1998 were determined by the cold-vapour flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS). In total, 382 pooled samples of the caps and stalks, and 16 pooled samples of the whole fruiting bodies were examined. The total number of the fruiting bodies was 804. The mercury concentration varied depending on the species and site investigated. The fruiting bodies of King Bolete Boletus edulis showed the highest contamination with mercury. The caps of King Bolete and Yellow-cracking Bolete Xcrocomus subtomentosus collected from the potentially unpolluted region of the Borecka Forest were around threefold more contaminated with mercury than the specimens originating from its surrounding area, i.e. 9900±2700 and 3600±1400, and 480± 190 and 160±70 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Apart from the King Bolete relatively elevated concentrations of mercury were quantified also in whole fruiting bodies of Common Puffball Lycoperdon perlatum, i.e. 3400±1300 ng/g and in the caps and stalks of Common Scaber Stalk, i.e. 1200±740 and 1100±380 ng/g d.w., respectively. In the case of other species investigated, the mercury concentrations were below 1000 ng/g d.w., and the lowest values were found for Crab-scended Brittle Gills Russula xerampelina, i.e. 60±20 and 40±20 ng/g d.w. in the caps and stalks, respectively. For the Larch Bolete, Bay Bolete, Yellow-cracking Bolete, King Bolete, Common Scaber Stalk, Honey Mushroom, Crab-scented Brittle Gills and Safron Milk Cap there was a positive correlation (p<0.05) between the mercury content and size (diameter) of the caps, and for some cases also between the mercury content of the stalks and the size (height) of the whole fruiting body. King Bolete and Common Scaber Stalk are among the most popular wild edible mushrooms traditionally picked-up in Poland and the data obtained suggest the possible health risk for the local consumers and consideration of establishing the mushrooms consumption advisory.

PL

Oznaczono zawartość rtęci ogółem w jedenastu popularnych gatunkach grzybów jadalnych z rodzaju Suillus, Xerocomiis, Boletus, Leeeinum, Suillus, Armillariella, Russula, Lactarius i Lycoperdon zebranych na terenie Puszczy Boreckiej i w jej okolicy w 1998 r. Rtęć oznaczano techniką zimnych par bezpłomieniowej spektroskopii atomowej (CV-AAS). Ogółem zbadano 382 próbki zbiorcze kapeluszy i trzonów oraz 16 próbek zbiorczych całych owocników. Liczba zbadanych owocników ogółem wyniosła 804. Zawartość rtęci w owocnikach różniła się w zależności od badanego gatunku i miejsca zebrania grzybów. Owocniki borowika szlachetnego Boletus edulis wykazywały duże skażenie rtęcią. Kapelusze borowika szlachetnego i podgrzybka zajączka Xerocoiuiis subtomentosus zebrane na trenie Puszczy Boreckiej były około trzykrotnie silniej skażone rtęcią niż te same gatunki zebrane w niedalekim sąsiedztwie puszczy, tj. 9900±2700 i 3600± 1400 oraz 480±190 and 160±70 ng/g masy suchej, odpowiednio. Poza borowikiem szlachetnym powiększone stężenia rtęci wykazano także w owocnikach purchawki chropowatej tj. 3400±1300 ng/g oraz w kapeluszach i trzonach koźlarza babki, tj. 1200±740 i 1100±380 ng/g m. s., odpowiednio. U pozostałych zbadanych gatunków grzybów stężenie rtęci było poniżej 1000 ng/g m.s., a najmniejsze wykazano u gołąbka winnego, tj. w kapeluszach 60±20 ng/g i w trzonach 40±20 ng/g m. s. W przypadku maślaka żółtego, podgrzybka zajączka, borowika szlachetnego, koźlarza babki, opieńki miodowej, gołąbka winnego i rydza wykazano dodatnią współzależność (p<0.05) pomiędzy stężeniem rtęci i wielkością (średnicą) kapeluszy, a w niektórych przypadkach także pomiędzy stężeniem rtęci w trzonach a wielkością (wysokością) owocnika. Borowik szlachetny oraz koźlarz babka należą do grupy jadalnych grzybów tradycyjnie zbieranych przez grzybiarzy w Polsce. Wyniki oznaczeń rtęci uzyskane w pracy wskazują na możliwość pobierania dużych dawek tego metalu przez osoby spożywających borowiki szlachetne i koźlarze babki zebrane na terenie Puszczy Boreckiej i w jej okolicy oraz możliwe ryzyko dla zdrowia, co sugeruje potrzebę wprowadzenia obowiązującego lokalnie ostrzeżenia.

4

A novel alkaline protease with antiproliferative activity from fresh fruiting bodies of the toxic wild mushroom Amanita farinosa

72%

Sun J. , Zhao Y. , Chai H. , Wang H. , Ng T. B.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2011

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tom 58

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nr 4

EN

A novel protease with a molecular mass of 15 kDa was purified from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom Amanita farinosa. The purification protocol entailed anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, cation exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. The protease was unadsorbed on DEAE-cellulose but adsorbed on Affi-gel blue gel and SP-Sepharose. It demonstrated a single 15-kDa band in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) and a 15-kDa peak in gel filtration. The optimal pH and optimal temperature of the protease were pH 8.0 and 65 °C, respectively. Proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells was inhibited by the protease with an IC50 of 25 µM. The protease did not have antifungal or ribonuclease activity.

5

Bedrock and soil geochemistry infuence the content of chemical elements in wild edible mushrooms (Morchella group) from South Italy (Sicily)

72%

Alaimo M. G. , Saitta A. , Ambrosio E.

Acta Mycologica

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2019

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tom 54

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nr 1

6

Determination of nutritional and bioactive properties in some selected wild growing and cultivated mushrooms from Turkey

58%

Turfan N. , Peksen A. , Kibar B. , Unal S.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2018

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tom 17

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nr 3

EN

This study aimed determining the contents of soluble protein, free amino acid, phenolic, flavonoid, soluble carbohydrate, sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and elements in selected wild growing and cultivated mushroom species collected from various locations of Turkey. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found for the contents of total free amino acid, soluble protein, phenolic, flavonoid, soluble carbohydrate and sugars. The total free amino acid, soluble protein, phenolic, flavonoid and soluble carbohydrate contents of mushrooms ranged from 33.57–126.57 mg g–1, 2.77–7.55 mg g–1, 28.68–157.39 mg g–1, 8.55– 30.66 mg g–1 and 59.89–343.55 mg g–1, respectively. Elemental analysis showed that mushrooms contained significant amounts of potassium (1345.07–9310.17 mg kg–1), phosphorus (1462.44–6159.45 mg kg–1), calcium (18.78–349.15 mg kg–1), sulphur (952.41–12486.63 mg kg–1), iron (80.62–606.26 mg kg–1), manganese (22.65–147.57 mg kg–1), zinc (103.26–522.81 mg kg–1) and selenium (0–115.40 mg kg–1). Nutritient composition varied with mushroom species. The means of total soluble protein, total phenolic, total flavonoid, potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, sodium, iron, calcium, manganese, selenium, zinc and copper contents in wild growing mushrooms were found higher than cultivated mushrooms.

7

Porownanie skladu chemicznego wybranych gatunkow grzybow dzikorosnacych

36%

Florczak J. , Karmanska A. , Wedzisz A.

Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna

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2004

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tom 37

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nr 4

365-370

PL

Oznaczono skład chemiczny (wilgoć, białko, węglowodany i „ tłuszcz surowy ") grzybów zebranych w 2003 r. w Łodzi i okolicy: gąski zielonki (Tricholoma flavovirens), opieńki miodowej (Armillariella mellea), czernidłaka pospolitego (Coprinus atramentarius). Przeprowadzono charakterystyką wyodrębnionych frakcji albuminowych i globulinowych za pomocą sączenia molekularnego na żelu dekstranowym Sephadex G-75 i G-100.

EN

Chemical composition of selected mushrooms species: Tricholoma flavovirens (Pers. Fr.) Lung; Armillariella mellea (Vahl. In Fl. Dan ex Fr.); Coprinus atramentarius (Bull, ex Fr.) Fr. collected in 2003 in Łódź and adjacent areas was examined. Moisture, proteins, carbohydrates and "raw fat" were quantitatively determined. The determined components were found to vary between the individual mushroom species. Protein fractions were isolated from the fresh mushroom fruiting bodies and the albumin and globulin characteristics were obtained by molecular filtration on Sephadex G-75 and G-100 dextran gel.