Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Mętlarz, kręciciel, zamięsiciel… – wokół leksemu mąciwoda i jego synonimów

100%

Kiszka B.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2014

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nr 2(14)

355-376

EN

The aim of the article is to gather and systematize the synonyms of the lexeme mąciwoda (also the ones that are not used in contemporary Polish language). Each synonym is placed in a more or less capacious semantic field. The semantic differences between synonyms are also analysed in the article. Moreover, the traces of forgotten lexemes in contemporary naming and culture are revealed by the author of the paper.

2

La focalisation comme critère d’analyse de synonymes

100%

Lebas-Fraczak L.

Orbis Linguarum

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2018

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nr 50

115–125

EN

Focalization as a criterion for analysis of synonyms We consider synonymy as a phenomenon involving simultaneously paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations between signs, and we consider synonyms as lexical units that can be substituted for each other within a given type of linguistic context. After a brief historical overview of approaches to synonymy, we put forward a hypothesis that semantic shades opposing synonyms may be described via an “attentional” criterion, rather than referential ones. As illustration, we analyze three French verbs: jouer, interpréter and incarner in the contexts “X plays the role of Y (in a film or play)”, showing that each verb focalizes a different aspect of the reference.

3

Udział medycznych terminów zapożyczonych w XIX-wiecznych synonimach głównych (na materiale nazw chorób ze Słownika terminologii lekarskiej polskiej)

100%

Jankowiak L. A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2014

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nr 11

159-167

EN

The ordering of the Polish medical terminology in the 19th century resulted in the release of the Dictionary of Polish Medical Terminology (Polish: Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej) in 1881. The publication collected, among other things, synonymic series of Polish medical terms following the rule that the best term was listed as the first one, which in this paper, is referred to as the main synonym. The aim of the article is to present the frequency of instances when the main synonym is a borrowing. The analysis of 940 synonymic series concerning the names of diseases reveals that borrowings are rare in the analysed material (only 57 out of the 2,469 terms in the synonymic series). A borrowing (mainly from Greek and Latin) constitutes the main synonym only 15 times. The authors of the Dictionary preferred native terms despite the fact that foreign ones are usually more "economical" (e.g. with regard to their structure).

4

Construções perifrásticas portuguesas dever + infinitivo e ter de/que + infinitivo – um problema didático

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Drzazgowska J.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2013

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tom 12

75-86

EN

This article attempts to highlight the problems in teaching and learning of two Portuguese periphrastic modal constructions. The aforementioned problem is related to polysemy of periphrases with dever and supposed synonymy in specific contexts of those periphrases.

5

Synonimy według Klementyny z Tańskich Hoffmanowej

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Kozaryn D. , Szczeciński U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica

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2014

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tom 048

EN

Synonyms according to Klementyna Hoffman (née Tańska) The paper deals with the way of describing by Klementyna Hoffman (née Tańska), living 1798-1845, who is known in the history of literature as an author of children’s and women’s texts and a defender of national identity, the lexemes being regarded as synonyms by her. The presented analyses show that Tańska regarded as synonyms not only lexemes in the modern linguistic sense, and described not only lexemes but also concepts. The construction of particular descriptions was characteristic of Hoffman and had a lot of features in common with the 19th-century attempts of the Polish synonymists. This is demonstrated by a comparison of the way of describing synonyms by Klementyna Hoffman and Bp. Adam S. Krasiński. This that distinguished the activity of Tańska in this respect was the use of moralistic admonishments.

6

Семантичка функџија риме у поетским структурама

88%

Чаркић М. Ж.

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2013

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tom 22

75-89

EN

If viewed from a purely linguistic standpoint, rhyme belongs to the phoneticphonological and lexical levels of natural language. It draws on two basic linguistic planes: the plane of expression and the plane of content, which are inextricably linked and closely interwoven. The ways of formal linking of rhyming units result in the creation of different forms of rhyme, where the formal properties of rhyming range from complete to partial correspondence of the rhyming phonological material. This results in the creation of various forms of rhyme, such as the following: tautological (lexical) rhyme, homonymic (homographic) rhyme, echo-rhyme, prefixal rhyme and suffixal rhyme. Each of these kinds of rhyme, except the suffixal, expresses one semantic category, while the suffixal rhyme potentially includes five semantic categories: (1) lexical synonymy; (2) contextual synonymy; (3) lexical antonymy; (4) contextual antonymy and (5) multifarious meanings. The analysis of these semantic categories (all the nine of them) is limited by the scope of this paper, and includes one example from Serbian poetry for each of the identified semantic categories respectively. Our analysis has demonstrated that the semantic function of rhyme depends directly on the type of form (the kind of rhyme), i.e., on the way of structuring the phonological (sound) material in the rhyming of lexical units.

7

Specyfika nazewnictwa Pojezierza Wałeckiego jako konsekwencja dziejów terenu

88%

Rutkiewicz-Hanczewska M.

Slavia Occidentalis

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2014

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nr 71/1

145-151

PL

The subject of the article is characteristics of the contemporary toponyms of Wałcz Lake District. Their distinctive feature is variance and well-developed synonymy (especially with reference to the names of waterrelated bodies), stemming from the broken continuity of names, restored after World War II.

8

До питання синонімії назв медичних інструментів і приладів (на матеріалі української і польської термінології акушерства та гінекології)

88%

Borys O.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2018

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tom 6

29-36

PL

The article presents the analysis of synonymic terms in Polish and Ukrainian terminology. The study was conducted on the names of instruments and equipment used in gynecology and obstetrics in both above mentioned languages. The research results show that synonymy is presented in both terminological systems. Taking into consideration the quantity of synonymic terms in the fi eld of gynecological and obstetric instruments this phenomenon occurs more often in Ukrainian than in the Polish language. The possible reasons of that are considered as well as the solutions for the abovementioned issue. The collected data is an integral part of further substantial case study.

9

Synonymy and Polysemy in Legal Terminology and Their Applications to Bilingual and Bijural Translation

88%

Chromá M.

Research in Language

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2011

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tom 9

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nr 1

31-50

EN

The paper focuses on synonymy and polysemy in the language of law in English-speaking countries. The introductory part briefly outlines the process of legal translation and tackle the specificity of bijural translation. Then, traditional understanding of what a term is and its application to legal terminology is considered; three different levels of vocabulary used in legal texts are outlined and their relevance to bijural translation explained. Next, synonyms in the language of law are considered with respect to their intension and distribution, and examples are given to show that most expressions or phrases which are interchangeable synonyms in the general language should be treated carefully in legal translation. Finally, polysemes in legal terminology are discussed and examples given to illustrate problems potentially encountered by translators.

10

Synonymy and Polysemy in Legal Terminology and Their Applications to Bilingual and Bijural Translation

88%

Chromá M.

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2011

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tom 9

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nr 1

31-50

EN

The paper focuses on synonymy and polysemy in the language of law in English-speaking countries. The introductory part briefly outlines the process of legal translation and tackle the specificity of bijural translation. Then, traditional understanding of what a term is and its application to legal terminology is considered; three different levels of vocabulary used in legal texts are outlined and their relevance to bijural translation explained. Next, synonyms in the language of law are considered with respect to their intension and distribution, and examples are given to show that most expressions or phrases which are interchangeable synonyms in the general language should be treated carefully in legal translation. Finally, polysemes in legal terminology are discussed and examples given to illustrate problems potentially encountered by translators.

11

Synonymie et granularité dans les bases lexicales du type WordNet

87%

Vetulani Z. , Vetulani G.

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nr 1

113-127

EN

In this paper we present a contribution to the transformation of PolNet, a Polish wordnet developed at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna, into a Lexicon Grammar of Polish. The current step consists in including verb-noun collocations and relations linking the verbal synsets to noun synsets. We focus on the concept of synonymy for two kinds of predicative entities: verbs and verb-noun collocations and on synset granularity problems that emerged at this stage of the project. This work was sponsored by the Polish National Program for Humanities (grant 0022/FNiTP/H11/80/2011).

12

La paraphrase comme lieu d’observation et de pratique de la dimension subjective et intersubjective du lexique et du discours

87%

Lebas-Fraczak L.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2012

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tom 44

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nr 2

147-160

EN

In the context of complete meaningful linguistic activities such as writing summaries, the paraphrase prompts reflection on the interaction between words, meaning and discourse, and thus helps develop the lexical component of discourse competence. Paraphrasing exercises are useful for both native and foreign language practice, especially for future translators, and lend students greater awareness of the shades of meaning distinguishing synonymic expressions in given contexts. We show that variations in meaning due to the use of synonyms and morpho-syntactical reformulations may be analyzed in terms of point of view and focalization, thereby taking into account the subjective and intersubjective dimensions of lexicon and discourse.

13

Folk Terms of Slavic Origin for Traditional Lithuanian Buildings and Their Parts

75%

Stunžinas R.

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tom 40

EN

Folk Terms of Slavic Origin for Traditional Lithuanian Buildings and Their Parts The aim of this article is to give an overview of folk terms of Slavic origin naming houses and their parts and to identify semantic relations of terms – synonymy and polysemy. The article deals with more than 130 Slavisms, the material has been gathered from the main sources of spoken language and folk terminology – common dictionaries, dictionaries and atlases of dialects. Folk terminology of building is a broad, interesting and miscellaneous layer of folk terminology and is characterized by regional use, variety of expressions, figurativeness, abundance of synonyms and polysemy. Terms of Slavic origin amount to a significant part of Lithuanian folk terminology of building and make the largest group of borrowed terminology in this field.Terms of Slavic origin are used to denote almost all buildings of a traditional Lithuanian homestead. A significant part of traditional buildings and their parts have more than one name of Slavic origin. A few terms of Slavic origin can be identified as metaphoric and metaphorical transfer of the names according to emotional associations, external similarity or similarity of function is typical. Almost half of terms have more than one meaning. Polysemous terms name different constructions: building and room, part of building and room; less frequently they denote buildings or rooms of different purpose. Naming generic and specific concepts or denoting building and part of same building is not a prevalent type of polysemy of researched terminology. Ludowe nazwy pochodzenia słowiańskiego tradycyjnych litewskich budynków i ich części Celem artykułu jest dokonanie przeglądu nazw ludowych pochodzenia słowiańskiego, odnoszących się do budynku i jego części, oraz ustalenie semantycznych relacji terminów – synonimia i polisemia. Artykuł dotyczy ponad 130 slawizmów; materiał został zebrany na podstawie głównych źródeł języka mówionego i nazewnictwa ludowego – słowników ogólnych oraz słowników i atlasów gwarowych. Ludowe nazewnictwo dotyczące budynków stanowi szeroką, interesującą i różnorodną warstwę terminologii ludowej, przy czym cechuje się regionalnym użyciem, zmiennością wyrazu, figuratywnością, obfitością synonimów i polisemią. Terminy pochodzenia słowiańskiego stanowią znaczącą część litewskiej terminologii ludowej, odnoszącej się do budynków, i są największą grupą zapożyczonej terminologii z tego zakresu.Terminy pochodzenia słowiańskiego używane są do nazywania prawie wszystkich budynków tradycyjnego litewskiego gospodarstwa. Znaczna ich część ma więcej niż jedną nazwę pochodzenia słowiańskiego. Niektóre terminy pochodzenia słowiańskiego można określić jako metaforyczne lub jako typowo metaforyczne przeniesienie nazwy w zgodzie ze skojarzeniami emocjonalnymi, podobieństwem zewnętrznym bądź podobieństwem pełnionych funkcji. Prawie połowa terminów ma więcej niż jedno znaczenie. Polisemiczne terminy nazywają różne konstrukcje: budynek i pokój, część budynku i pokoju; rzadziej oznaczają budynki lub pokoje o odmiennym przeznaczeniu. Nazewnictwo pojęć ogólnych i szczegółowych oznaczających budynek i jego części nie stanowi przeważającego typu polisemii w badanej terminologii.

14

Semantic Relations between Legal Terms. A Case Study of the Intralingual Relation of Synonymy

75%

Matulewska A.

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nr 1

161-174

EN

The author intends to present a possibility of parametrising legal terminology in order to reveal semantic and systemic relations at the intralingual and interlingual levels. The scope of the research comprises selected legal terminology from the following legal systems: Polish, British, American and European Union. The research methods used include: (i) the analysis of comparable texts, (ii) the method of parametrisation of the legal linguistic reality, (iii) the concept of adjusting translation to the communicative needs and requirements of the recipient community. The research hypothesis is that parametrisation of legal terminology in respect of semantic and systemic relations may be a useful tool in organising and comparing terminology for the purpose of legal translation. First the relation of synonymy binding terms at the intralingual and interlingual levels in the light of systemic and genre-related relations is discussed. The proposal is illustrated with examples of legal terms and the networks of relations binding them in English and Polish. The conclusions are that such an approach is systematic and provides a translator with information necessary to render communicatively efficient translations.

15

Synonymy and search synonymy in an IR system (on the basis of linguistic terminology and the iSybislaw system)

75%

Banasiak J.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2014

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tom 49

EN

Synonymy and search synonymy in an IR system (on the basis of linguistic terminology and the iSybislaw system)The paper focuses on some problems of synonymy in the linguistic terminology and solutions for the optimal representation of information in the structure of an IR language. Linguistic terms in addition to metalinguistic meaning also carry some meta-scientific information (e.g. on the methodological school). It is thus possible that two different terms refer to the same linguistic phenomenon within various research trends. The issue of usage is also addressed here (including idiolectal preferences). The above phenomena on the one hand and various user information needs on the other result in some significant difficulties in the work on the optimization of IR in iSybislaw.

16

Синонимия ключевых слов в системе славистической библиографии как эпистемологические рефлексы развития лингвистической терминологии

75%

Кульпина [Kul'pina] В. Г. V. G. , Татаринов [Tatarinov] В. A. V. A.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2014

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tom 49

EN

Synonymy of keywords in the bibliographic system of the Slavic linguistics as epistemological reflexes of linguistic terminology’s developmentIn the article the features of keyword synonymy in Bibliographic database of world Slavic linguistics publications iSybislaw are considered. The issue of keywords in information retrieval system is examined in connection with synonymy in linguistic terminology. There are established relations between general scientific terms and keywords of Slavic linguistics. Some applied lingvodidactic and lingvopragmatic aspects of keywords’ compiling are also presented.

17

Синонимия ключевых слов в системе славистической библиографии как эпистемологические рефлексы развития лингвистической терминологии

75%

Кульпина [Kul'pina] В. Г. V. G. , Татаринов [Tatarinov] В. A. V. A.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2014

|

tom 49

188-202

EN

In the article the features of keyword synonymy in Bibliographic database of world Slavic linguistics publications iSybislaw are considered. The issue of keywords in information retrieval system is examined in connection with synonymy in linguistic terminology. There are established relations between general scientific terms and keywords of Slavic linguistics. Some applied lingvodidactic and lingvopragmatic aspects of keywords’ compiling are also presented.

18

International and/or national philosophical terms in the domain of philosophy

75%

Ikere Z.

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2021

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tom 2

55-65

EN

Philosophy as a universal system of knowledge and the main corpus of the philosophical terminology consists of international terms. There are cases, however, when philosophers choose to, create a native word instead of employing a wellknown international term. The term Meddelelse, for instance, was introduced by the Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard. According to him, different aspects of communication are included in this concept to be denominated by the Danish word Meddelelse. Another example in this respect is the national term introduced by the Latvian philosopher Rihards Kūlis for the international term nacionālā identitāte. Contemporary philosophers tend to claim that philosophy does not belong only to the elitist part of the society. If such is the case, the philosophers try to facilitate the comprehension process for the native readers in order to ensure a deeper understanding of definite notions. Hence they endevour to accommodate their writing in the way their readers could fully grasp the meaning of the intended message.

19

Синоніміка поширювачів у семантичній структурі речення

75%

Worobeć O.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2016

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tom 4

65-72

PL

The article implements the synonymic potential of extenders in the semantic-syntactic sentence structure. According to the Ukrainian Language Corpus, extenders combine the system of units which establish opposed and synonymic relations. Tendencies in the functioning of syntactic synonyms in a non-elementary sentence have been analysed.

20

Towards Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets Through Lexical Ontologies

75%

Vetulani Z. , Vetulani G.

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2023

|

tom 35

1-32

EN

In this article, we present research directly inspired by the Princeton WordNet lexical ontology project (Miller, Fellbaum), which was a response to the real need for ontologies corresponding to the natural conceptualization common to all language users, within a given natural language, or within a specific sublanguage. Lexical ontologies for a given language or language subsystem determined by the scope of communication needs turn out to be useful and even necessary for constructing formal models of linguistic competence and, consequently, for designing and implementing AI systems with linguistic communicative competence, both passive and active. An important milestone of the research program presented in this work is the acquisition of tools in the form of extensive lexical ontologies of a new type, referred to in this work as Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets. In the article, we refer to the works of authors such as: Alain Colmerauer, Charles Fillmore, Christiane Fellbaum, Gaston Gross, Maurice Gross, Thomas R. Gruber, Richard Kittredge, George A. Miller, Martha Palmer, Kazimierz Polański, and Piek Vossen.