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EN
The present review deals with the bioactive compounds of the marine non-chordates. The potent medicinal usage of the bioactive compounds viz. steroids, terpenoids, isoprenoid and non-isoprenoid compounds, quinones, brominated compounds, nitrogen heterocyclics and nitrogen-sulphur heterocyclics from marine non-chordates have been compiled. Various literatures survey revealed that the bioactive compounds isolated in recent past from the marine poriferans, cnidarians, annelids, arthropods, molluscs and echinoderms could be rich sources of therapeutic agents having antibacterial, antiinflamatory, anticarcinogenic properties. In overall, the present study will be benefitted to know global drug discovery researches on bioactive compounds from marine organisms for students, scholars, scientists, pharmaceutical sector, and government regulating authorities as new challenging technology in clinical applications through medicines.
EN
Vindoline and its analogues are important constituents of the Madagascan periwinkle Catharanthus roseus, and some of them are valuable chemotherapy drugs used in treatment for some types of cancer, including leukaemia, lymphoma, breast and lung cancer. The search for semi-synthetic congeners of natural substances is still an important task for organic chemistry. In this communication we report the synthesis of five new vindoline derivatives, 15-(2-methoxyphenyl)vindoline 11, 15-(3-methoxyphenyl)vindoline 12, 15-(2-nitrophenyl)vindoline 13, 15-(3-cyanophenyl)vindoline 15, and 15-(4-cyanophenyl)vindoline 16 using the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction as the key step. X-Ray analysis of compound 16 is also reported
8
Content available Twenty five years of azadirachtins (1986-2011)
63%
EN
Azadirachtins are known as phagorepellent natural products from seeds of the neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae), which impede the development of larval insects and sterilize adults. The labors of the past three decades ultimatively lead to a chemical structure, which has been unanimously but independently elaborated by German, British and American authors. This structure is in force ever since 1985/87 and was ultimately confirmed by Veitch & al. in Ley’s group in Cambridge, England, through total synthesis. Its 25th birthday is presently being celebrated. Marrangin (=Azadirachtin L) was discovered in Gießen and chemically identified by Kalinowski and colleagues. It occurs in seeds of the marrango tree, Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs. In some insect species but also in mites like Tetranychus urticae, its biological activity is significantly superior to azadirachtin A. The value of these biorational compounds, with their very low vertebrate toxicity, and their low toxicity today is globally recognized. Quite recently, azadirachtin and analogues gain acceptance in veterinary and human medicine.
EN
Introduction. Royal Jelly (RJ) is a popular bee-derived product used widely in European and Asian traditional medicine. RJ has some pharmacological activities to support health and longevity as well as prevent ageing. Objectives. To evaluate whether a short-term 6-day Royal Jelly administration is able to induce behavioural and neurochemical effects in aged rats. Materials and method. RJ (previously chemically characterized by GC-FID and GC–MS) was given to 18-month-old male Wistar rats (100 and 500mg of powder/kg b.w./day) in subcutaneous injection for 6 days. Spatial memory was assessed in a water maze. Afterwards, the level of neurotransmitters, their metabolites and turnover in the selected brain regions were estimated by HPLC. Results. Short-term RJ administration did not change spatial memory in aged rats in the water maze, although it was sufficiently active to modify most of all the serotonergic and dopaminergic transmission in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that Royal Jelly is able to affect very quickly the neurotransmission in the brain structures responsible for cognitive performance; however, short-term administration is not sufficient to exert behavioural consequences.
15
Content available Prevention of malignancies through nutrition
51%
EN
There is a rather widespread view that inadequate composition of diet, with respect to the content of certain natural products and presence of foreign substances in food rations, is a very important factor contributing to the occurrence and development of certain neoplasms. The opinions on this problem show a constant evolution. This review tries to provide a picture of the present state of knowledge on the effects of natural food components on the occurrence of neoplasms.
EN
Due to the current system of integrated cultivation of tomato since 2014, the program was verified to protect tomato against the most dangerous diseases. The aim of the research conducted in the years 2012 and 2013 was to assess the effectiveness of natural products and Bacillus subtilis to protected tomato against late blight and early blight in the prevention system. The reference product was a fungicide containing a mixture of boscalid and pyraclostrobin. Tea tree oil and extract of berries showed good efficacy in the protection of tomato against potato early blight and late blight. A mixture of boscalid and pyraclostrobin showed higher efficacy in reducing the development of these diseases. There were no effects of phytotoxicity. All the tested products increased the yield of tomatoes.
PL
Dokonano weryfikacji programu ochrony pomidora przed najgroźniejszymi chorobami, ze względu na obowiązujący system integrowanej uprawy pomidora od roku 2014. Celem badań prowadzonych w latach 2012 i 2013 była ocena skuteczności środków naturalnych i bakterii Bacillus subtilis w ochronie pomidora przed zarazą ziemniaka i alternariozą w systemie zapobiegawczym. Środkiem referencyjnym był fungicyd zawierający mieszaninę boskalidu i piraklostrobiny. W ochronie pomidora przed zarazą ziemniaka i alternariozą dobrą skuteczność wykazał olej melaleuca i wyciąg z owoców jagodowych. Wyższą skuteczność w ograniczaniu rozwoju tych chorób wykazała mieszanina boskalidu i piraklostrobiny. Nie obserwowano efektów fitotoksyczności. Wszystkie badane środki spowodowały wzrost plonowania pomidorów.
EN
Thirty two samples of different types of Polish honeys were investigated in order to assess their total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteau method and their potential antioxidant activity by 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS methods. Results of the study showed that the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity differed widely among different honey types. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity had dark honeys, while the lowest antioxidant activity and phenolic content were found in pale honeys. Statistical analysis showed that the total phenolic content of honey was correlated with its antioxidant activity.
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