Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Influence of Level of Proficiency in the L2 and L3 on the Production of the L3 Spanish Apico-alveolar Sibilant

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Sypiańska J. , Cal Z.

Research in Language

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2020

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tom 18

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nr 1

89-107

EN

Current Third Language Acquisition research has traditionally focused on the L2 status (e.g. Hammarberg 2001, Bardel & Falk 2007) or linguistic proximity (e.g. Cenoz 2001, Westergaard, Mitrofanova, Mykhaylyk & Rodina 2016). Limited research has been conducted on the influence of the potentially significant factor of level of proficiency, and particularly where proficiency in both the L2 (Tremblay 2006, Woll 2016) and the L3 (Hammarberg 2001, Wrembel 2010) may be considered as a conditioning factor for the shape of the L3. The aim of the current study was thus to determine the influence of L2 and L3 level of proficiency (L2LoP and L3LoP) and the interaction of the two factors on the production of the L3 Spanish apico-alveolar sibilant in a group of L1 Polish, L2 English and L3 Spanish trilinguals who had different levels of overall proficiency in the two foreign languages. The parameters of the sibilant under analysis were spectral moments: centre of gravity (M1), standard deviation (M2), skewness (M3) and kurtosis (M4) in intervocalic position in two-syllable words with initial stress. The results point to the influential role of both L2LoP and L3LoP as well as their interaction on the production of the L3 Spanish sibilant. When the level of proficiency in one of the languages was low, it allowed the other language with a higher level of proficiency to exert influence on the values of the spectral moments in the L3 sibilant. This interplay of factors furthers the understanding of how levels of proficiency in the L2 and the L3 condition the developing L3.

2

SMARTPHONES AND CLT: THREAT OR OPPORTUNITY?

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Walsh R.

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tom 19

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nr 2

59-69

EN

Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) is one of the fastest growing ELT sectors. To date, the teaching methods of MALL appear overly influenced by the desires of businesses, large institutions and technicians to produce easily measurable outcomes, rather than foundations built on upon pedagogical research that emphasises the importance of developing the communicative competence of learners. Findings from initial studies on MALL indicate not only the feasibility of using mobile devices for communicative purposes within classroom teaching, but also the opportunities they provide to implement a communicative approach more successfully than previously possible. Outworkings of this potential need to be established while the development of MALL remains at the “work in progress” stage.

3

La explotación visual en la PDI

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Cancelas Alvárez P.

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2011

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tom 10

205-223

EN

Using audiovisual aids in the classroom not only gives an opportunity for the students to learn in a more pleasant way, but also provides means for addressing numerous aspects and skills in teaching a foreign language. The use of Interactive Whiteboards is spreading rapidly in the recent years. Interactive Whiteboards offer a possibility of a more interesting and modern use of the audiovisual techniques, so they are becoming an invaluable tool for a teacher. This is why it is so important for us, teachers, to learn how to make the best use of this tool during our classes. This article presents briefly the advantages of Interactive Whiteboards and the use of audiovisual aids in teaching. Moreover, it shows some techniques and examples ready to be introduced in the classroom, all of them extracted from classes of Spanish as a foreign language.

4

O definiowaniu języków ojczystego i obcego oraz o „terminologicznym chaosie” w glottodydaktyce – polemicznie

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Miodunka W. T.

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2013

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nr 16

275-283

EN

The paper argues with W. Cockiewicz’s article Jak uporządkować terminologiczny chaos w glottodydaktyce i po co? (2013; ‘How to put order into the terminological chaos in language pedagogy and what should one want to do this for?’). The author begins with a critical overview of Cockiewicz’s treatment of the terms język rodzimy and język ojczysty (‘native’ and ‘foreign language’), and then appeals to French dictionaries of linguistic terminology and French language pedagogy (DdL, LDdL, DdD) to show how they define the terms langue maternelle, langue étrangère, and bilinguisme. The paper argues that what Cockiewicz considers to be “terminological chaos” in language pedagogy should be rather viewed as a quest, connected with the evolution of this branch of science, for terms that would be univocal and could replace the ambiguous and laden with connotations term język ojczysty ‘native language’.

5

Jak uporządkować terminologiczny chaos w glottodydaktyce i po co?

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Cockiewicz W.

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2013

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nr 15

201-213

EN

The terminology used in language pedagogy does not constitute a coherent system because it is not based on definitions of terms but rather on descriptions of prototypes and illustrating them with examples. As a result, different terms overlap. This is disadvantageous for discourse in language pedagogy, because it enforces terms to be redefined anew in every statement. The current article proposes a way to order and systematize terminology referring to, on the one hand, languages as viewed from the perspective of language pedagogy, and on the other, to the phenomenon of bi- and multilingualism. Based on five systematically employed criteria, a discrete set of terms has been obtained which reflect the language pedagogical (i.e. prepared from the point of view of language pedagogy) classification of languages. The first criterion allows also a bi- or multilingual person to be unambiguously distinguished from a polyglot. The first term describes someone who has acquired two or more native languages, while the second a person who has learned several or many foreign languages. The criteria of competence or of circumstances of use, which have so far been in common use, do not allow for such a clear distinction.

6

Apple Tree Model of Emotion-Involved Processing: Videos for Emotions and Foreign Language Learning

75%

Kamenická J.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2021

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tom 12

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nr 1

103-116

EN

Aim. The primary aim of this paper is to present and discuss the Apple-Tree Model of Emotion-Involved Processing in the context of foreign language learning with regard to didactic, neuroscientific, and psychological viewpoints. The proposed model mirrors theories which emphasize the role of emotional experiencing in the process of learning and relate it to the enhancement of cognitive processes. The secondary aim of this paper is to propose examples of application of these theories and recent research findings – with the use of videos in foreign language learning both inside and outside of the classes. Methods. Along with several others, two studies (an action research and experiment), dealing with the role of emotional engagement and positive emotional stimuli, are discussed in more detail. Concerning the action research (Kamenická & Kováčiková, 2019), the subjects of this study were 31 non-native teenage secondary grammar school EFL learners (i.e., 17-18 years old). In this study, the role of emotional engagement in foreign language learning was observed – with regard to learners of various learning styles. Concerning the experiment (Kráľová, Kamenická, & Tirpáková, submitted for publication), it provided both quantitative and qualitative data. Its subjects were 82 non-native first-year university EFL students (i.e., 18-19 years old). The effect of application of positive emotional stimuli during the foreign language classes was observed – with regard to research participants’ vocabulary retention, emotional experiencing, and their autonomic stress response. The qualitative data gathered dealt with research participants’ subjective perception of emotionally competent stimuli applied, vocabulary recall, and experimental classes as such. Results. The analysis of the qualitative data suggests that emotional engagement leads to better motivation to learn among learners, including the reluctant ones. Moreover, the research outcomes suggest that emotionally competent stimuli might be considered as a universal key, when it comes to engagement of learners of various learning styles. Furthermore, the qualitative data analysis also indicates that learners especially appreciate learning the foreign language through topics which are not usually part of school curriculum. The statistical data analysis indicates that positive emotional experiences lead to the increase of both foreign language enjoyment and learners’ foreign language vocabulary retention. Conclusions. The research findings suggest that positive emotional stimulation of FL learners might lead to their increased motivation for learning as well as to better retention of new language items. Furthermore, they also confirm the significant role of the teacher in terms of regulation and responsibility for the learning atmosphere. As nowadays, the FL learning does not take place in classes only, the teachers’ managerial guidance and direction of learners becomes essential more than ever. With regard to these findings, several ideas how to guide learners’ FL learning both inside and outside of class, are proposed – with the use of videos, which are staggeringly omnipresent in everyday lives of nowadays’ society.

7

Książki obrazkowe we wczesnoszkolnym nauczaniu języka angielskiego

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Lipska A.

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nr 4

99-114

EN

This article discusses the possible uses of picturebooks in an ESL classroom (grades 1-3). First, it offers an overview of the picturebook theory, focusing on its educational potential as far as teaching English is concerned. Then the selected examples are presented: "I will not ever never eat a tomato" (Lauren Child); "Meerkat mail" (Emily Gravett); "The rabbit problem" (Emily Gravett); "Have you seen who’s just moved in next door to us? "(Colin McMaughton); "Katie and the Mona Lisa" (James Mayhew). These texts are then analysed as useful material in an ESL classroom, with due attention paid to the requirements and recommendations put forward in the Ministerial curriculum for grades 1-3 of elementary school.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł omawia możliwości zastosowania książek obrazkowych podczas lekcji języka angielskiego w klasach 1-3 szkoły podstawowej. Pierwsza część artykułu traktuje o książkach obrazkowych jako gatunku literackim, ich definicjach oraz ogólnych założeniach dotyczących ich zastosowania w nauczaniu dzieci języka obcego. Następnie pokrótce przedstawione zostają wybrane anglojęzyczne przykłady gatunku: "I will not ever never eat a tomato" (Lauren Child); "Meerkat mail" (Emily Gravett); "The rabbit problem" (Emily Gravett); "Have you seen who’s just moved in next door to us? "(Colin McMaughton); "Katie and the Mona Lisa" (James Mayhew). Zasadniczą część artykułu stanowi analiza powyższych książek obrazkowych, wskazująca na ich możliwe wykorzystanie w nauczaniu języka angielskiego w oparciu o założenia podstawy programowej dla klas 1-3.

8

Foreign language education of seniors

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Határ C. , Grofčíková S.

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tom 4

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nr 1

110-123

EN

This study is of a theoretical-conceptual nature and is a partial outcome of the research project VEGA MŠVVaŠ SR and SAV no. 1/0176/15. It deals with one of the problems currently faced by educational theory and practice, i.e. the foreign language education of seniors. The trend is typical for many EU member states, since it results from the needs of a modern society. In addition to strategic documents, programs and legislation which binds the Slovak Republic to create conditions for lifelong education, including foreign language education, the authors are more closely preoccupied with specificities and possibilities of the language education of seniors, which are explained on a comparative basis with the language education of children and youth. Even though in literature one can find results of many substantial empirical research projects devoted to foreign language education of children and youth, research into the education of adults and seniors in the area of foreign languages falls behind considerably. A sufficient platform for the methodology of language education of adults and seniors in Slovakia has not been created either, if compared with the methodology of language education of younger age categories. This shortcoming is often quite noticeable in practice. The study attempts to pay adequate attention to the analysis of selected teaching styles specific for adult and senior age as well as teaching methods which may be used in the language education of seniors.

9

Jak uporządkować terminologiczny chaos w glottodydaktyce i po co?

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Cockiewicz W.

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2013

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nr 1(15)

201-213

EN

The terminology used in language pedagogy does not constitute a coherent system because it is not based on definitions of terms but rather on descriptions of prototypes and illustrating them with examples. As a result, different terms overlap. This is disadvantageous for discourse in language pedagogy, because it enforces terms to be redefined anew in every statement. The current article proposes a way to order and systematize terminology referring to, on the one hand, languages as viewed from the perspective of language pedagogy, and on the other, to the phenomenon of bi- and multilingualism. Based on five systematically employed criteria, a discrete set of terms has been obtained which reflect the language pedagogical (i.e. prepared from the point of view of language pedagogy) classification of languages. The first criterion allows also a bi- or multilingual person to be unambiguously distinguished from a polyglot. The first term describes someone who has acquired two or more native languages, while the second a person who has learned several or many foreign languages. The criteria of competence or of circumstances of use, which have so far been in common use, do not allow for such a clear distinction.

10

Aksjologiczna podstawa zachowania językowego nadawcy w przedmowach do prac popularyzujących wiedzę o języku polskim w XIX wieku

51%

Jurewicz-Nowak M.

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2020

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tom 54

135-149

EN

The subject of the article are values and valuation in preface to selected grammatical and stylistic textbooks intended for children and youth of the second half of the XIX century by Ignacy Boczyliński, August Jeske, Józefa Kamocka, Władysław Lecler, Filip Olpiński, Teofila Radońska and Piotr Skrzypiński. Similarly to other social phenomena, so does the human being perpetuates values in the language, thanks to which it is possible to analyze the language of value names as well as reconstruct the value system of a particular social group. The authors of the texts are combined by the type of ties resulting from the similarity of language interests and the work of the teacher and educator. The essential goal of their work is to popularize knowledge about the Polish language and to develop the skills of correct speaking and writing. The textbooks appeared after the January Uprising, between 1870 and 1889 in the area of three partitions. Cognitive values (e.g. knowledge, understanding) and pragmatic values (e.g. utility, practicality, work) are representative for them. The then educational programs under the influence of positivist ideas emphasized vocational training and the value of work. The process of teaching the Polish language is valued: the work of the teacher - educator and student, exercises, methods, textbooks, grammar, spelling, etc. The basis for formulated assessments or recommendations is the good of the child (mental development) and teacher (pedagogical success). Most often values are exposed in these passages, which perform the persuasive function (they express grades and cause a certain pressure on the reader).

PL

Przedmiotem artykułu są wartości i wartościowanie w przedmowach do wybranych podręczników gramatycznych i stylistycznych przeznaczonych dla dzieci i młodzieży 2. poł. XIX w. autorstwa Ignacego Boczylińskiego, Augusta Jeskego, Józefy Kamockiej, Władysława Lercla, Filipa Olpińskiego, Teofili Radońskiej i Piotra Skrzypińskiego. Podobnie jak inne fenomeny społeczne, tak i wartości człowiek utrwala w języku, dzięki czemu jest możliwa analiza językowa nazw wartości, jak również rekonstrukcja systemu wartości określonej grupy społecznej. Autorów tekstów łączy rodzaj więzi wynikającej z podobieństwa zainteresowań językowych oraz wykonywanej pracy nauczyciela i wychowawcy. Zasadniczym celem ich prac jest popularyzacja wiedzy o języku polskim oraz kształcenie umiejętności poprawnego mówienia i pisania. Podręczniki ukazały się po powstaniu styczniowym, między 1870 a 1889 r. na obszarze trzech zaborów. Reprezentatywne dla nich są wartości poznawcze (np. wiedza, zrozumienie) i pragmatyczne (np. pożytek, praktyczność, praca). Ówczesne programy wychowawcze pod wpływem idei pozytywistycznych kładły nacisk na kształcenie zawodowe i walor pracy. Wartościowaniu podlega proces nauczania języka polskiego: praca nauczyciela - wychowawcy oraz ucznia, ćwiczenia, metody, podręczniki, gramatyka, ortografia itp. Podłożem dla formułowanych ocen lub zaleceń jest dobro dziecka (rozwój umysłowy) i nauczyciela (sukces pedagogiczny). Najczęściej wartości zostają wyeksponowane w tych pasażach, które realizują funkcję perswazyjną (wyrażają oceny i wywołują określoną presję na czytelniku).