Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Recursos cohesivos basados en elementos deícticos

100%

Komorowska A.

|

2017

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tom 16

53-71

EN

This article examines the role of deixis in cohesive devices used in written communication forms, focusing on the use of deictic elements for cohesion at various discourse levels, as well as the persistence of original meanings of such deictic elements in selected units, e.g. discourse markers and coreferential expressions.

2

From gesture to adverbial – Swedish det as an example of linguistic polysemy

100%

Data-Bukowska E.

Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia

|

2009

|

tom 10

155-168

EN

Every grammar of the Swedish language provides information concerning the unit det. The Swedish det can be used both pronominally and adnominally, fulfilling a wide range of functions in the language. However, in traditional grammar one does not pay attention to the links and mutual relations between the individual occurrences of this unit. Thus, within such a framework, the Swedish det can be treated as an extreme example of homonymy. Is that possible in language?The main goal of this article is to show the semantic value of the unit det (in its nominal function) in contemporary Swedish, adopting the perspective of Cognitive Grammar. I shall try to prove that all uses of this unit are linked to each other semantically. Thus, the meaning ascribed to det constitutes a complex network of senses rooted in the prototype, which is a cognitive reference point within the category. The article can be interpreted in a wider context of the research concerning the use of units which are functionally “related” to the Swedish det in various languages, e.g. the English it, the German es, the Polish to etc.

3

Relaciones deícticas espacio-temporales: análisis comparativo del sistema de los demostrativos polacos y españoles

100%

Zieliński A.

|

tom 11

221-235

EN

The main objective of this paper is to show the differences and similarities in the use of demonstrative forms in Polish and Spanish, which arise not only from differences paradigmatic (Spanish ternary system vs Polish binary system), but also pragmatic context. With the help of electronic corpora the author tries to answer the question of what factors influence the conceptualization of these deictic expressions in both languages.

4

Jeszcze o odróżnianiu określeń temporalnych deiktycznych od wyznaczających narracyjnie (anaforycznych)

88%

Grzegorczykowa R.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

|

2015

|

nr Numer Specjalny

61-75

EN

The paper discusses two series of temporal expressions in Polish: one that localizes the described event with regard to the act of speech (the deictic series), and one, used in narratives, that localizes it with regard to a fixed point (the so-called anaphoric series). Both series indicate simultaneity, anteriority, or posteriority of the event with regard to the act of speech (Pol. dziś ‘today’, wczoraj ‘yesterday’, tydzień temu ‘a week ago’, jutro ‘tomorrow’, za tydzień ‘in a week’, and others), or with respect to a fixed point (tego dnia ‘that day’, w przeddzień ‘a day before’, w poprzednim tygodniu ‘a week before’, nazajutrz ‘the day after’, w następnym tygodniu ‘a week later’). The two series differ in certain syntactic grammatical properties, e.g. connectivity with tense forms of the described verbs; cf. the impossible *Jutro byłem ‘I was tomorrow’, and the possible, when talking about the past, Nazajutrz byłem ‘I was a day after’. The anaphoric series, being semantically more general, can usually appear in deictic contexts; the opposite is not true, cf. the impossible *Tego dnia był w Krakowie, a jutro pojedzie do Zakopanego ‘He was in Cracow that day, and he will go to Zakopane tomorrow’.

5

Here’s hoping v procesu gramatikalizace

88%

Malá M. , Nádraská Z.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2024

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tom 106

|

nr 2

127-144

EN

The aim of the paper is to examine the functional and formal features of the construction here’s hoping. Our analysis is informed by the frameworks of construction grammar (Fried, 2010, 2013), grammaticalization (Fried, 2009; Himmelmann, 2004), subjectification (Company, 2006) and impersonalization (Siewierska, 2008). The construction seems to have developed a novel subjectified function, i.e. to express the speaker’s positive expectation while retaining a degree of tentativeness and distance. The data for the analysis was excerpted from the corpus English Web 2021 (enTenTen21). The internal and external features of the construction (e.g. the (non-)deictic function of here, fixedness, syntactic isolation, initial position) together with the overall expansion of the semantic and pragmatic context and the gradual host-class expansion suggest that the process of grammaticalization/subjectification is currently under way (cf. Fried, 2010; Company, 2006).

6

Antropocentričeskoe izmerenie stilâ: (na materiale rasskazov V.V. Nabokova)

87%

Smirnova N. V.

|

2015

|

tom 24

237-247

EN

The principle of anthropocentrism, being the basis of human cognitive activity, detects the subject’s central position in the fictional universum. Possessing verbal fixation the subjects of the fictional text, the Narrator and the Character, interacting with each other form a subjective narration model. The stages of the subject’s representation in the fictional text related to the lack of knowledge of communicators’ field in general, are formally reflected in the sequence of nominations. The classic narration based on the maximum connectivity of its component elements, should tend to such a type of organization of the co-referential nominations’ rows, which would let the narratee clearly identify the object throughout the text. The deviances in the co-referential nominations’ rows, which occur in the non-classic narration, provoke referential interpretation and lead to the increment of text entropy. Basing on Vladimir Nabokov’s stories, two types of egocentric introductions in the co-referential nominations’ rows have been detected, based on the narration manner. The first type is reflected within the context of third-person narration, when a deictic first-person pronoun introduces itself with the identical reference as a proper noun, an anaphor, a substantive expression, into the sequence of character’s nominations. The second type is reflected in the first-person narration, it is related to the introduction into the sequence of nominations of a character not involved in the communication, a deictic second-person pronoun. “Egocentric explosions” in the co-referential nominations’ rows represent one of the most effective stylistic devices of the non-traditional narrative formation. They lead to the narrative mode switching providing stereoscopic effect.

7

El discurso medioambiental de la prensa española desde un enfoque sociopragmático

87%

Kotenko V.

e-Scripta Romanica

|

2020

|

tom 8

85-106

EN

The article proposes to carry out a sociopragmatic analysis of the environmental discourse of the Spanish press based on texts from 2019 and early 2020, lexicographical consultations in Fundéu as well as different dictionaries. We also analize discursive peculiarities in critical discourse analysis that work in the field of ecolinguistics. In particular, an outline of the lexical-semantic level and pragmatic functions is made, with special attention paid to the personal deictic markers. Finally, we highlight the link between environmental discourse with other discourses within the framework of the theory of interdiscursivity.

ES

El artículo se propone realizar un análisis sociopragmático del discurso medioambiental de la prensa española tomando como base una serie de textos del año 2019 y comienzos del 2020, así como consultas lexicográficas en la Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu) y diferentes diccionarios. Asimismo, se analizan las peculiaridades discursivas dentro del análisis crítico del discurso que funcionan en el campo de la ecolingüística. En concreto, se hace un esbozo del nivel léxico-semántico y funciones pragmáticas con una atención especial a los deícticos personales. Por último, destacamos el vínculo entre el discurso medioambiental con otros discursos en el marco de la teoría de la interdiscursividad.

8

Valence des verbes de perception en français et italien : perspective diachronique

75%

Blumenthal P. , Rovere G.

|

2023

|

tom 35

1-16

EN

This paper explores perception verbs (like ‘hear’ and ‘see’) from a construction grammar perspective, with a focus on both contrastive and diachronic aspects. Surprisingly, our corpus analysis suggests that different verbs from this semantic groups do not display a homogeneous syntactic behaviour. For example the verb ‘observer’ stands out from other verbs in this group. We attempt to account for the special status of ‘observer’ and discuss the extent to which the acceptability of sentences featuring ‘observer’ can be improved by acting on certain parameters in the sentence. Our research highlights the role of a factor referred to as evidentia in classical rhetoric.

FR

Le thème de notre contribution, conçue dans la perspective de la grammaire de construction, est à la fois contrastif et diachronique. Nous nous intéressons, après beaucoup d’autres linguistes, au comportement syntaxique des verbes d’un certain groupe constitué selon des critères sémantiques : les verbes de perception (entendre, voir, etc.). Contrairement à notre attente, les possibilités syntaxiques de ces verbes ne sont pas identiques. Ainsi, il apparaît rapidement que le verbe observer a tendance à faire bande à part. Nous essayerons, d’une part, de comprendre les raisons de ce statut spécial, d’autre part, de voir dans quelle mesure l’acceptabilité de la phrase avec observer peut être améliorée par une action sur d’autres paramètres de la phrase. Cette recherche nous permet d’identifier le rôle important d’un facteur que la rhétorique classique appelait evidentia.

9

Asimmetrie nella codifica dell’informazione deittica: italiano vs russo

63%

Benigni V. , Ruvoletto L.

Italica Wratislaviensia

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2019

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nr 10.1

31-58

EN

This paper aims to analyse, through a contrastive approach, the asymmetries between Italian and Russian in the encoding of deictic reference. Some complex and divergent instances of deictic anchoring are discussed in relation to the notion of deictic centre (or zero-point, in Lyons’ terms). Different types of asymmetry can be identified according to structural and functional criteria: a) overcoding versus undercoding of deictic information (e.g., Italian tra and dopo versus Russian čerez); b) different internal articulation of the deictic reference (such as in the sequence of tenses, which is governed by mood and tense in Italian and solely by tense in Russian); c) the adoption of a different perspective in the deictic conceptualisation of space, time, and person (as in conversive predicates). All of these types of asymmetry seem to affect learners’ acquisition of L2. For this reason, a systematic analysis of errors committed in deictic reference can be a useful tool for second-language teaching.

IT

Il presente contributo si pone l’obiettivo di indagare, mediante un approccio contrastivo, alcuni casi di asimmetria tra l’italiano e il russo nella codifica del riferimento deittico. In relazione al concetto di centro deittico (zero-point, secondo la terminologia proposta Lyons, 1977), sono analizzati alcuni esempi complessi di differente ancoraggio deittico nelle due lingue, raggruppati in base a criteri strutturali e funzionali: a) casi di ipercodifica vs ipocodifica (come nell’uso di tra e dopo vs čerez), b) casi di diversa articolazione interna di un analogo riferimento deittico (come nell’uso di modo e tempo del verbo vs solo tempo nella consecutio temporum) e c) casi in cui il riferimento deittico viene concettualizzato secondo prospettive diverse (come nei predicati conversivi). Tali forme di asimmetria risultano particolarmente complesse per gli apprendenti delle due lingue, motivo per cui l’analisi degli errori prodotti nella codifica della deissi può rivelarsi un utile strumento anche in una prospettiva didattica.

10

Die indexikalische Relation als ein potentielles Übersetzungsproblem

63%

Sulikowski P.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

|

2018

|

tom 143

359 - 373

DE

Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert das Problem der Indexikalität als potentiell relevanten Übersetzungsfaktor. Der Autor bespricht kurz die bisherige Forschung zur Indexikalität in der Philosophie, Ethnomethodologie und Linguistik. Anhand von zahlreichen Beispielen aus dem Schaffen von Zbigniew Herbert werden schließlich vier Haupttypen der IX: die sprachliche, die kulturbedingte, die syntaktische IX sowie die IX der höheren semantischen Einheiten vorgeschlagen.

EN

The present article concerns the problem of indexicality as a relevant factor in translation. Indexicality has long been a central point in research since the 20th century in philosophy, ethnomethodology and linguistics. The author distinguishes four different kinds of indexicality within a text: language-based, culture-based, syntactic indexicality and the indexicality of higher semantic units. The issue is discussed and shown on several examples from poetic texts of Zbigniew Herbert.

11

Les références linguistiques aux espaces dans Los surcos del azar de Paco Roca : une réécriture de l’histoire ?

63%

Fournet-Pérot S.

e-Scripta Romanica

|

2018

|

tom 6

44-53

EN

The Paco Roca’s graphic novel Los surcos del azar depicts Spanish Republican Miguel Ruiz's itinerary in his fight against fascism during the Second World War. Numerous spaces are thus covered or evoked during the mentioned historical events. Representation and perception of space and history are inseparable, and it seems that the writing of space could, on its own, rewrite history, as we will try to demonstrate by adopting an exclusively linguistic approach.

FR

Le roman graphique Los surcos del azar de Paco Roca met en scène l’itinéraire du républicain espagnol Miguel Ruiz dans sa lutte contre le fascisme durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De nombreux espaces sont ainsi parcourus ou évoqués au fil des événements historiques mentionnés. Représentation et perception de l’espace et de l’Histoire sont donc indissociables et il semble que l’écriture de l’espace pourrait, à elle seule, réécrire l’Histoire, comme nous tenterons de le démontrer en adoptant une approche exclusivement linguistique.

12

Perspective in signed discourse: the privileged status of the signer’s locus and gaze

63%

Engberg-Pedersen E.

|

2014

|

tom 1

|

nr 1

EN

In gesture studies character viewpoint and observer viewpoint (McNeill 1992) characterize co-speech gestures depending on whether the gesturer’s hand and body imitate a referent’s hand and body or the hand represents a referent in its entirety. In sign languages, handling handshapes and entity handshapes are used in depicting predicates. Narratives in Danish Sign Language (DTS) elicited to make signers describe an event from either the agent’s or the patient’s perspective demonstrate that discourse perspective is expressed by which referent, the agent or the patient, the signers represent at their own locus. This is reflected in the orientation and movement direction of the manual articulator, not by the type of representation in the articulator. Signers may also imitate the gaze direction of the referent represented at their locus or have eye contact with the addressees. When they represent a referent by their own locus and simultaneously have eye contact with the addressee, the construction mixes referent perspective and narrator perspective. This description accords with an understanding of linguistic perspective as grounded in bodily perspective within a physical scene (Sweetser 2012) and relates the deictic and attitudinal means for expressing perspective in sign languages to the way perspective is expressed in spoken languages.

13

"Najdu mladého přítele, přírodu milujícího?" : kulturně-antropologický pohled na inzerci v meziválečném homosexuálním tisku

51%

Seidl J.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

|

2019

|

tom 106

|

nr 2

157-178

EN

Th e aim of this paper is to inquire into the possibilities of utilising personal ads as a source of cultural-anthropological research. Specifi cally, it proposes an analysis of a corpus of over 500 ads, published in 1931–1934 in a magazine of the Czechoslovak homosexual minority, the Voice of the Sexual Minority. It proposes to approach these very short utterances as signs, analytical work being possible only at the level of the signifi er. It also proposes to analyse some crucial expressions, repeated very often in these ads, through the concept of a symbolic-deictic fi eld. In this way, the paper reaches a conclusion that sheds new light on conceptual categories of the interwar Czechoslovak homosexual subculture, which have not yet been perceived by a classical historical research.

CS

Studie usiluje o to, prozkoumat na korpusu čítajícím přes 500 anonymních inzerátů uveřejněných v letech 1931–1934 v československém časopise homosexuální menšiny Hlas sexuální menšiny, resp. Nový hlas, možnosti využití tohoto typu pramene v kulturně-antropologickém výzkumu. Navrhuje pohlížet na tyto krátké výpovědi jako na znaky, kdy analytická práce je možná pouze s označující rovinou. Některé klíčové výrazy, opakující se v těchto inzerátech, navrhuje analyzovat pomocí konceptu symbolicko-deiktického pole. Tímto pohledem dospívá k závěru, který vnáší nové světlo do kategorií uvažování meziválečné homosexuální subkultury, dosavadním klasickým historickým bádáním nepostřehnutých.

14

La traduzione delle espressioni deittiche

51%

Urbaniak E.

|

tom 1

93-102

EN

The deictic expressions are linguistic units that indicate the localization of an object in time and space. Every language is characterized by different deictic structures that depend on various linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The analysis of the factors that determine the deictic systems in Italian, Spanish and Polish demonstrates various problems associated with the translation of that kind of structures and offers different ways of solving them.

IT

Le espressioni deittiche sono tutte le unita linguistiche che indicano la localizzazione di un oggetto nello spazio e nel tempo. Ogni lingua si caratterizza per l’altra struttura deittica dipendente da vari fattori linguistici ed extralinguistici. L’analisi dei fattori che condizionano i sistemi deittici dell’italiano, dello spagnolo e del polacco dimostra vari problemi legati alla traduzione di questo tipo di costruzioni linguistiche e propone distinti modi di risolverli.

15

Zum Drittpersonalpronomen im Chinesischen und im Deutschen

44%

Duan J. , Aptacy J.

Convivium. Germanistisches Jahrbuch Polen

|

2022

107-124

PL

Celem artykułu jest porównanie form i funkcji zaimków osobowych trzeciej osoby, szczególnie zaimka rodzaju żeńskiego, w języku chińskim i niemieckim. Ze względu na fakt, że w Chinach dyskusja o specyficznej formie zaimka żeńskiego jest stosunkowo świeża, a w niektórych kręgach toczy się do tej pory, zaprezentowano ewolucję tego zaimka na przestrzeni wieków z perspektywy gender. Punktem spornym była / jest przede wszystkim forma pisemna tego zaimka, ale pojawiały się również głosy proponujące także specyficzną formę dźwiękową. Ponieważ w języku niemieckim zaimki trzeciej osoby posiadają różne formy w zależności od rodzaju, autorzy tego artykułu nie znają podobnych dyskusji w niemieckim obszarze językowym. W drugiej części artykułu porównano funkcje deiktyczne i anaforyczne zaimków w obu badanych językach.

EN

The aim of this article is to compare the forms and functions of third person personal pronouns, especially the feminine pronoun, in Chinese and German. Due to the fact that in China the discussion about the specific form of the female pronoun is relatively fresh, and in some circles it is still going on, the evolution of this pronoun over the centuries from the gender perspective is presented. The point of contention was / is primarily the written form of this pronoun, but there were also voices suggesting a specific sound form. Since in German third-person pronouns have different forms depending on the gender, the authors of this article are not familiar with similar discussions in the German-speaking area. The second part of the article compares the deictic and anaphoric functions of pronouns in both studied languages.

DE

Das Ziel des Artikels ist es, Formen und Funktionen von Personalpronomen der dritten Person, insbesondere des femininen Pronomens, im Chinesischen und Deutschen zu vergleichen. Da in China die Diskussion um die spezifische Form des weiblichen Pro-nomens relativ neu ist und in einigen Kreisen noch andauert, wird die Entwicklung dieses Pronomens im Laufe der Jahrhunderte aus der Gender-Perspektive dargestellt. Der Streitpunkt war / ist in erster Linie das Schriftzeichen für dieses Pronomen, aber es gab auch Stimmen, die eine bestimmte Lautform vorschlugen. Da im Deutschen Pronomen der dritten Person je nach Genus unterschiedliche Formen haben, sind den Autoren dieses Artikels ähnliche Diskussionen im deutschsprachigen Raum nicht bekannt. Der zweite Teil des Artikels vergleicht die deiktischen und anaphorischen Funktionen von Pronomen in den beiden Sprachen.