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1

ДІЯЛЬНІСНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО НАВЧАННЯ Й ВИХОВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ В ІСТОРИКО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОМУКОНТЕКСТІ XX СТОЛІТТЯ

100%

Іванюк Г. , Січкар А.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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nr 2(46)

120-131

EN

In the context of modernization of the pre-school education institutions of Ukraine within the framework of individually oriented and competent approach is a change of priorities for education – on the child's development, on the accumulation of knowledge – on the ability to apply them in specific situations. Providing self-development of preschool children in a prepared environment causes the introduction in the educational process of the activity approach. Therefore, the problem of studying the updated achievements of the past to identify those that can be adapted to the modern educational space is up-to-date. According to the results of the theoretical analysis the interpretation of key concepts, namely, the «idea», «activity», «action», «approach» in the philosophical, psychological and pedagogical sense is presented. The absence of a holistic historical and pedagogical research activity approach to training and education of pre-school children, in our opinion, has a negative impact on the development of both the historical and pedagogical science and practice of implementation of the activity approach in the modern educational process in the kindergarten. Theoretical analysis reveals that in its essence and content of the concept of the activity approach is complex and multi-faceted education, which includes an analysis of the formation of self-realization, self-development of the person as the subject of activity. The basic idea of the activity approach in the educational process is not connected with the activity as such, but with the activities, which is a means of formation and development of the child. The transformation of ideas of the activity approach in historical and pedagogical context of the twentieth century is revealed. It was found out that the content of this concept in the 30’s in psychology was regarded as «the principle of the activity»; in the 70th of XX century appeared in the scientific revolution definition of «active approach». In the second half of the 80th – student-activity approach, focused not only on the assimilation of knowledge, but also on the ways of their assimilation, thought and action, the development of cognitive effort and creativity of the child that has been recognized as one of the system-forming factors restructuring the education system. Further development of the activity approach in psychological and educational research over 90s is associated with a change in the educational paradigm (90 years of the twentieth century), since the transformation took place in the student-activity-oriented concept of education. Generalization of the characteristics, especially the development of the ideas of the activity approach in educational theory, due to deterministic requirements of the society for the education of children in different historical periods is made.

2

Millennials’ willingness to pay for socially responsible investment and its institutional and individual antecedents – evidence from Italy, Poland, and Ukraine

86%

Doś A. , Foltyn-Zarychta M. , Matteo M. , Shkura I.

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

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2023

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nr 1(19)

137-159

EN

The readiness to sacrifice profit while making socially responsible investments among millennials, as future investors and managers, was examined. Specifically, a multi-level perspective on willingness to pay for socially responsible investment was assumed to understand how nationality, personal values and investment knowledge affect millennials’ readiness to sacrifice profit to achieve sustainability goals. Using survey data of 521 business students from Italy, Poland and Ukraine, it is showed that a considerable share of millennials prefer social and environmental performance of investment over financial return and that their nationality is the most powerful factor in explaining willingness to pay for socially responsible investment along with their sensitivity to environmental issues that takes the leading role among all personal values motivating investors to accept lower rates of return. The results can be relevant for financial institutions aiming at developing socially responsible investment products. Policy implications of the results are insights into nationality-related tensions while Europe-wide regulation of socially responsible investment could enter into force.

3

APPROACHES TO DETERMINATION OF TIME SERIES FOR CALCULATION OF NORMS OF FINANCIAL RATIOS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN LATVIA

86%

Evgenii Sergeev E. , Aina Chaplinska A.

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nr 1

47-58

EN

Important question is determination of time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios. This question in modern economic literature is almost not analysed and not solved. And therefore the purposes of this article are development of approaches to determination of time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios and practical application of these approaches in Latvia. Gross domestic product (GDP) influences the development of dynamic row of financial ratios necessary for calculation of sectors’ normative value. The more indicators will be included into the dynamic row during years of GDP fall, the lower usually are the final normative sector values. In 2008-2010, in Latvia GDP fall was observed that is why for calculation of norms, it would be incorrect to form dynamic rows with prevalence of indicators of these years. Approaches to determination of time series developed by the authors are suggested for calculation of norms of financial ratios: by the arithmetic average value of the moving average of GDP growth, by the percent of years of GDP downfall and by the median value of GDP growth. Schemes, the description of stages of these approaches are submitted, and also practical application of approaches is given. For understanding of approaches the term “expanded times series under analysis” is entered. Definition of the term is given: “expanded times series under analysis is the time series, which has typical equal economical conditions of national economy development in a long-term, usually, in recent years”. Common privileges of these approaches are: simplicity of calculation, the accuracy of the norms due to the proximity to the dynamics of the expanded time series, economy of financial costs of carrying out research, economy of time expenditure on carrying out research, taking into account the dynamics of recent years. It is better to apply these approaches in a complex with the aim to determine the time series for calculation of norms of financial ratios correctly by a resulting effect of the majority of the approaches. Destination of these approaches is to help researchers in development of norms of financial ratios.

4

Evolución de la metodologia de la enseñanza de las lenguas extranjeras

86%

Janowska K.

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tom 6

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nr 1

145-157

EN

This article reviews the evolution of the most popular methods of teaching foreign languages in Europe. The history of language teaching was marked by continuous methodological changes resulting from the search for an ideal teaching method and various language currents and psychological approaches prevailing at the time of their occurrence. This discipline went through various stages, the most significant of which took place in the twentieth century, to develop a new method for more effective learning, which led to the development of a methodology that would provide clarification of answers to questions raised in the field of language learning. In recent years, what has been distinguished is a task-based language teaching field that provides students with ideal opportunities for developing communication skills and effective learning.

5

The Siberian Polonia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century in the Polish historiography

72%

Shaidurov V.

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tom 1

11-21

EN

The period between the 19th – early 20th century witnessed waves of actively forming Polish communities in Russia’s rural areas. A major factor that contributed to the process was the repressive policy by the Russian Empire towards those involved in the Polish national liberation and revolutionary movement. Large communities were founded in Siberia, the Volga region, Caucasus, and European North of Russia (Arkhangelsk). One of the largest communities emerged in Siberia. By the early 20th century, the Polonia in the region consisted of tens of thousands of people. The Polish population was engaged in Siberia’s economic life and was an important stakeholder in business. Among the most well-known Polish-Siberian entrepreneurs was Alfons Poklewski-Koziell who was called the “Vodka King of Siberia” by his contemporaries. Poles, who returned from Siberian exile and penal labor, left recollections of their staying in Siberia or notes on the region starting already from the middle of the 19th century. It was this literature that was the main source of information about the life of the Siberian full for a long time. Exile undoubtedly became a significant factor that was responsible for Russia’s negative image in the historical memory of Poles. This was reflected in publications based on the martyrological approach in the Polish historiography. Glorification of the struggle of Poles to restore their statehood was a central standpoint adopted not only in memoirs, but also in scientific studies that appeared the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. The martyrological approach dominated the Polish historiography until 1970s. It was not until the late 20th century that serious scientific research started utilizing the civilizational approach, which broke the mold of the Polish historical science. This is currently a leading approach. This enables us to objectively reconstruct the history of the Siberian Polonia in the imperial period of the Russian history. The article is intended to analyze publications by Polish authors on the history of the Polish community in Siberia the 19th – early 20th century. It focuses on memoirs and research works, which had an impact on the reconstruction of the Siberian Polonia’s history. The paper is written using the retrospective, genetic, and comparative methods.

6

Harmonization of market conditions in provision of road freight transport

72%

Poliak M. , Šimurková P. , Jaśkiewicz M. , Więckowski D.

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2018

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tom Vol. 1, Iss. 1

175--181

EN

International road transport is a specific service within the frame of services provided in the European Union. It is because the conditions of being active on the market are influenced by the states where businessmen operate, but services can be provided throughout the whole year in other member states of the European Union. The aim of the contribution is to highlight the existing problems in international road freight transport sector. These problems persist despite the fact that market access was exempted from the national law of individual member states and regulated directly by EU regulations. Despite the unification of market access, tax and social harmonization is not ensured in international road freight transport. An unequal tax burden on carriers and different requirements of wage regulations create a discriminatory environment among entrepreneurs. The contribution identifies the factors that deform the equal operating conditions in single market. The aim of the contribution is also to provide the readers with the answers to the questions: Is it possible under current EU conditions to harmonize tax and social conditions? What impact would this harmonization have on business environment?

7

Between tradition and modernity of the cultural landscape research. Discussion on methodology

72%

Myga-Piątek U.

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tom nr 9

75--91

EN

At present, geographic work, and landscape research in particular, is carried out basing on three coexistent paradigms. The first is the classical paradigm arising from the neo-positivist orientation with scientistic approach. Representatives of this approach follow the rule of objectivity and independence of perception of the object (landscape) in relation to the observer (subject). The principal determinant of this approach is methodological unity and rationalism based on the rules of quantitative, mathematical-statistical description. Foremost among others, this trend is representted by followers of the eastern school of landscape research, named “landshaftovedeniye”. Among the classical followers of this approach, there were L.. S. Berg, N. A. Solontsev, A. G. Isachenko, F. N. Milkov, D. L. Armand, V. J. Preobrazhensky, A. I. Perelman, N. A. Gvozdetsky. The second is the system paradigm, which develops as a modification rather than opposition to the first approach. In this aspect, studies of systems (geosystems) have become a new cognitive criterion. Its principal assumption is the holistic concept of nature. Studies of the landscape as a geosystem present the structuraldynamic and functional aspects. This trend is widely noticeable in papers by authors of landscape syntheses created within the scope of interdisciplinary landscape ecology, which is very popular currently (papers by A. Richling, M. Pietrzak, K. Ostaszewska, J. Solon, Forman and Godron, W.B. Soczawa, among other authors). The third is the humanist paradigm, which develops along with the system paradigm. It points out the role of man in the process of landscape shaping and its cultural conditions in a particular environmental context, thus referring to the idea of unity of nature and culture. It is based on papers by leading possibilists, including P. Vidal de la Blache (1922), and the so-called landscape approach, represented in Polish geography by S. Nowakowski, M. Dobrowolska, F. Bujak, or J. and F. Plit, among others. Coexistence of those paradigms results in discrepancies in understanding and interpretation of the landscape. The presentation will show the current stage of research and prospected further studies of cultural landscape resulting from the possible combination of the classicist approach of humanist geography and use of new research methods and sources.

8

Лингвометодические подходы к обучению просодии иноязычной речи

72%

Галыня И. В.

Linguodidactica

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2014

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tom 18

EN

The article reveals the contents of methodological approaches to teaching foreign languages. Based on the author’s research, it gives analysis of the basic and the most advantageous approaches to teaching the prosody of a foreign language. The author briefly provides the foundations for classifying lingua-didactic approaches, and, using a comparative analysis of the existing approaches to foreign language teaching, proves the advantage of implementing the activity and functional approaches in teaching the prosody of a foreign language. The author highlights the necessity of integrating lingua-didactic approaches at the crossroads of adjacent sciences, with universal laws of speech prosody formation and specific features of a given foreign language in focus.

PL

W artykule prezentowane jest sedno podejścia metodycznego oraz analiza podstawowych i najbardziej perspektywicznych podejść w nauczaniu prozodii języków obcych. Autor przedstawia podstawy dla klasyfikacji podejść lingwodydaktycznych z wykorzystaniem analizy porównawczej podejść już istniejących w nauczaniu języków obcych, udowadnia skuteczność aktywnego i funkcjonalnego podejść w nauczaniu prozodii. Omawiając podejścia lingwodydaktyczne autor zwraca szczególną uwagę na uniwersalne lingwistyczne zasady kształtowania mowy oraz cechy szczególne konkretnego języka obcego.

9

CSR i zrównoważony rozwój w warunkach silnej konkurecji

72%

Kroik J. , Malara Z.

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nr XXV

423-436

EN

The concept of corporate social responsibility, when implemented consistently may improve the company’s competitive position and help build the advantage over competitors. The most important benefits of running a responsible business are: improved image, savings, differentiation, higher morale of the workers and reduced risk. The paper analyses some areas in which CSR may be a strategic stuff. That approach corresponds with P. Ducker’s theories and with positive influences on enterprise’s strategy. General remarks of the article also sourced from own empirical researches. The researches discuss Polish managers approach to CSR in 2010 year.

PL

Koncepcja społecznej odpowiedzialności (CSR), konsekwentnie realizowana w przedsiębiorstwie, może na różne sposoby przyczyniać się do poprawy jego pozycji konkurencyjnej i budowania przewagi nad konkurentami. Najczęściej wymieniane korzyści wynikające z odpowiedzialnego prowadzenia biznesu to poprawa wizerunku, oszczędności, możliwość wyróżnienia się, podniesienie morale pracowników oraz ograniczenie ryzyka działalności. Artykuł dokonuje analizy kilku obszarów, w których CSR można traktować jako tworzywo strategiczne. Argumentacje potwierdzające tę cechę wynikają ze zgodności CSR z podejściami z teorii organizacji, postulatami P. Druckera oraz z pozytywnym wpływem na opracowanie strategii przedsiębiorstwa. Kilka okoliczności rozważań odnosi się do wyników autorskich badań poglądów polskich menedżerów z 2010 r.

10

The Escalators’ Series. Season: Private Enforcement. Episode: About the One that was not an Undertaking on the Relevant Market. Case Comment to Judgment of the Court of Justice of 12 December 2019, Case C-435/18

72%

Dobosz K.

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tom 13

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nr 22

255-270

FR

Ce commentaire analyse l’arrêt de la Cour de justice dans la « Escalators’ Series » et ses implications potentielles. Comme les questions préjudicielles comportment plutôt des réponses claires, l’arrêt va au-delà des attentes. Son raisonnement n’est pas basé sur la nécessité de faire face à des obstacles nationaux spécifiques qui ont été principalement utilisés dans des affaires privée. Au contraire, la Cour de justice a estimé que l’article 101 du TFUE implique véritablement que toute partie endommagée sera en droit d’agir en tant que demandeur dans un litige de dommages et intérêts. Il n’y avait pas de place pour les spécificités juridiques nationales. En outre, le commentaire de l’affaire fait valoir que cette decision implique un retour à une approche plus économique dans le débat général. Ertaines réserves sont présentées dans le contexte d’une certaine tendance perceptible en ce qui concerne la manière dont la Cour de justice traite généralement les affaires. En outre, le commentaire de l’affaire fait valoir qu’il implique un retour au débat général avec une approche plus économique. Par ailleurs, certaines réserves sont présentées dans le cadre d’une certaine tendance perceptible en ce qui concerne la manière dont la Cour de justice traite en général les affaires.

EN

This case-note offers comments to the judgement of the Court of Justice in another escalators’ case and its potential implications. Given that the preliminary questions rather entail obvious response, the ruling goes beyond expectations. Its reasoning is not based on the necessity to cope with specific national obstacles that was predominantly utilized in face of private enforcement cases. Instead the Court of Justice held that genuinely Article 101 TFEU implies that, probably, any injured party will be entitled to act as a claimant in damages litigation. No room for national legal specificities was left then. Furthermore, the case comment argues that its side back is more economic approach return to the mainstream debate. Aside these and other insights, some misgivings are presented in a context of a certain noticeable tendency in terms of the fashion in which the Court of Justice in genere handles with the cases.

11

Perfectionism and Achievement Goals in Adult Male Elite Athletes who Compete at the National Level and above

72%

Zarghmi M. , Ghamary A. , ShaykhShabani S. , Varzaneh A.

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tom 26

147-154

EN

Different views on perfectionism, and different approaches about achievement goals, have led to studies on relationships between perfectionism and achievement goals. Stoeber et al. (2009) found relationship patterns from perfectionism and achievement goals in young Finnish ice-hockey players' under-16, in which it was found that perfectionistic strivings were associated with mastery-approach and performance-approach goals, and perfectionistic concerns with mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals. Thus, as Stoeber et al. (2009) noted, findings can be generalized to older age-groups, as researchers have pointed out that achievement goal orientations in athletes may change when athletes become older (Elliot & Conroy, 2005; Spray & Keegan, 2005). Thus, we examined the theoretical model by Stoeber et al. (2009), to investigate relationships between perfectionism and achievement goals in adult elite athletes. For this purpose, 134 adult elite athletes completed questionnaires of MIPS (Stoeber, Otto & Stoll, English version, 2006), sport - MPS - 2 (Gotwals & Dunn, 2009), and AGQ - S (Conroy et al., 2003). On the assumption of the final theoretical model as based on a few significant indices, perfectionistic strivings was associated with mastery-approach and performance-approach goals, while perfectionistic concerns was associated with mastery-avoidance and performance-avoidance goals. Contrary to expectations, there was no relationship between perfectionistic concerns and performance-approach goals. In fact, the present research results put in ambiguity the concept of perfectionism and the relationship between perfectionism and achievement goals, which were the main aims of our research. Moreover, a number of indices obtained structural equation modeling, which showed marginal to no significant effects. Thus, such equivocal results clearly imply that further research on context is needed. However, it appears that positive and negative aspects of perfectionism have complex relationships with each other

12

The investment attractiveness evaluation : methods and measurement features

58%

Goncharuk A. G. , Karavan S.

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tom Vol. 7

160--166

EN

Today, enterprises operate under the fierce competition. So, there is a need of quick reaction on changes in external environment, and improvement of the performance. Constant development is the key to success for any organization. However, this process requires investment - the growth engine for the company. The only way to attract the capital and strengthen market positions is raising the level of the investment appeal. Approaches determination of the investment attractiveness evaluation, gives a deeper understanding of this economic category, and as a consequence the possibility of effective investment attractiveness management - one of the main tasks for any enterprise.

PL

Obecnie przedsiębiorstwa działają w warunkach ostrej konkurencji. Tak więc istnieje potrzeba szybkiego reagowania na zmiany w otoczeniu zewnętrznym i poprawa wydajności. Ciągły rozwój jest kluczem do sukcesu każdej organizacji. Jednakże proces ten wymaga inwestycji - silnika rozwoju organizacji. Jedynym sposobem aby przyciągnąć kapitał i umocnić pozycję na rynku jest podniesienie atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej. Określenie podejścia do oceny atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej daje lepsze zrozumienie tej kategorii ekonomicznej a w konsekwencji możliwość efektywnego zarządzania atrakcyjnością inwestycyjną - jako jedno z głównych zadań każdego przedsiębiorstwa.

13

Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca’s Account of Analogy Applied to Law: the Proportional Model of Analogical Legal Reasoning

58%

Koszowski M.

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2016

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tom 2(13)

5-13

EN

In this paper, the author has undertaken an attempt to adjust Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca’s conception of analogy to the province of law. He thus sketches out a pertinent scheme of legal analogy based upon the similarity of proportions and indulges in a consideration of the merits and demerits of such a proposition. To this aim, as the proportions that are compared in such an account of analogy, the relations between the facts of the cases and their legal outcomes were chosen: one such outcome already known and one tentatively posited. Finally, however, the author’s analyses lead to the conclusion that despite its considerable theoretical attractiveness and some mystical charm, legal analogy consisting of the comparison of two proportions is either quite similar to orthodox approaches to analogical reasoning in law or too obscure for one to employ it credibly in the legal setting. In consequence, until its proponents have elucidated the workings of proportional analogy in more detail, the potential use of such a form of analogy in the province of law does not seem promising and cannot be recommended.

14

The modeling and forecasting of fuel and energy resources usage in the context of the energy independence of Ukraine

58%

Andrusiv U. , Zelinska H. , Galtsova O. , Kupalova H. , Goncharenkо N.

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tom T. 24, z. 1

29--48

EN

The article analyzes the structure of energy resources, as a result of which the reasons for their irrational use in the Ukrainian economy are revealed. It has been established that during 2014–2018 there was a decrease in demand for traditional types of fuel and energy resources (FER), except for coal. The components of the process of supply and consumption of fuel and energy resources have been formed and detailed, and an integrated approach to their rational use has been developed, which will reduce the loss of energy resources and increase their efficiency. The author’s approach is used in the form of visualized schemes for organizing the process of the rational use of energy resources, which will contribute to the implementation of an effective energy saving policy of the state, ensuring the competitive advantages of domestic enterprises, increasing their competitiveness, improving the economic and energy security of Ukraine. The expediency of constructing deterministic economic models for providing the Ukrainian economy according to different (adaptive and multiplicative) convolutions was substantiated and proved, on the basis of which a forecast and assessment of the energy independence of the Ukrainian economy until 2035, taking into account fuel and energy resources, was proposed. Based on the calculations, it was established that the state of energy independence of Ukraine is insufficient.

PL

W artykule dokonano analizy struktury zasobów energetycznych, w której wyniku ujawniono przyczyny ich nieracjonalnego wykorzystania w ukraińskiej gospodarce. Ustalono, że w latach 2014–2018 nastąpił spadek zapotrzebowania na tradycyjne rodzaje paliw i surowców energetycznych, z wyjątkiem węgla. Elementy składowe procesu zaopatrzenia i zużycia paliw i surowców energetycznych zostały określone w sposób szczegółowy oraz wypracowano zintegrowane podejście do ich racjonalnego wykorzystania, które ograniczy utratę zasobów energetycznych i zwiększy ich efektywność. Autorskie podejście wykorzystywane jest w postaci poglądowych schematów organizacji procesu racjonalnego wykorzystania surowców energetycznych, co przyczyni się do realizacji skutecznej polityki oszczędzania energii w kraju, zapewniając przewagę konkurencyjną rodzimym przedsiębiorstwom poprzez zwiększenie ich atrakcyjności, poprawę bezpieczeństwa gospodarczego i energetycznego Ukrainy. Uzasadniono i udowodniono celowość konstruowania deterministycznych modeli ekonomicznych ukraińskiej gospodarki według różnych (adaptacyjnych i multiplikatywnych) splotów funkcji, na podstawie których przedstawiono prognozę i ocenę niezależności energetycznej ukraińskiej gospodarki do 2035 roku, z uwzględnieniem paliw i zasobów energetycznych. Na podstawie obliczeń ustalono, że stan niezależności energetycznej Ukrainy jest niewystarczający.

15

Cosmopolitan soft skills: self- and social awareness fostering human flourishing

58%

Rósa B.

|

tom 21

219-236

EN

While globalisation is a multidimensional phenomenon, present educational foci tend to lie not on preparing students for a complex, globalised 21st century, but on preparing students for a 21st-century economic globalisation. In order to advocate a change of consciousness, this present study examined the concept of human flourishing and the skills – referred to as cosmopolitan soft skills – fostering the phenomenon. The theoretical analysis undertaken by the study identified flourishing to be a three-dimensional concept and established that flourishing cannot be fully realised unless an individual is flourishing from a positive-psychological, a moral-political, as well as from a moral-ethical perspective. The empirical analysis eventuated a comprehensive list of skills and competences that contemporary educational institutions aim at equipping their students with for the sake of flourishing. Through an interplay between theory and empirical data, the study resulted in a possible conceptualisation of cosmopolitan soft skills, consisting of the four core skills of attention, acceptance, respect, and responsibility as well as 78 other skills organised into four main categories. Provided the critical realist stance taken, the results are believed to be of a flexible and ever-changing but universal nature that facilitate future research into the educability of cosmopolitan soft skills and the empirical realisation of human flourishing.

PL

Podczas gdy globalizacja jest zjawiskiem wielowymiarowym, edukacja obecnie zazwyczaj nie skupia się na przygotowaniu uczniów do złożonego, zglobalizowanego XXI wieku, lecz na przygotowaniu do globalizacji ekonomicznej XXI wieku. Aby promować zmianę świadomości w badaniach zaprezentowanych w artykule, skoncentrowano się na koncepcji rozkwitu (dobrobytu i rozwoju) człowieka oraz kosmopolitycznych umiejętnościach miękkich, sprzyjających temu zjawisku. Przeprowadzona analiza teoretyczna wykazała, że rozkwit jest trójwymiarową koncepcją i ustalono, że może być w pełni realizowany, tylko jeśli podmiot rozkwita zarówno z perspektywy pozytywno-psychologicznej, moralno-politycznej, jak i moralno-etycznej. W wyniku analizy empirycznej powstała wyczerpująca lista umiejętności oraz kompetencji, w które celem rozkwitu współczesne instytucje edukacyjne starają się wyposażać swoich studentów. Dzięki połączeniu teorii i danych empirycznych, badanie umożliwiło konceptualizację kosmopolitycznych umiejętności miękkich, na które składają się cztery podstawowe umiejętności, mianowicie uwagi, akceptacji, szacunku i odpowiedzialności, a także 78 innych podzielonych na cztery główne kategorie. Zgodnie z postawą krytycznego realizmu wyniki są elastyczne i stale się zmieniają, ale mają charakter uniwersalny. Ułatwia to przyszłe badania nad możliwościami kształcenia kosmopolitycznych umiejętności miękkich i empiryczną realizacją ludzkiego rozkwitu.

16

Approaching the Bible Through Fables. A Commemoration of the 25th Anniversary of the Publication of The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church

51%

Dzikiewicz D.

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nr 36

67-81

PL

Dzisiaj egzegeci prowadzą badania biblijne za pomocą różnorodnych metod i podejść. Najważniejsze z nich zostały wymienione w dokumencie zatytułowanym Interpretacja Biblii w Kościele. Od ukazania się tej publikacji minęło ponad 25 lat. Artykuł jest formą upamiętnienia tego wydarzenia. Proponuje się w nim podejście do Biblii przez bajki, co wzbogaca interpretację Pisma Świętego. Opracowanie wykazuje to za pomocą aplikacji bajkowych motywów ryby i śmiechu. W bajkach ryba i śmiech oznaczają między innymi początek nowego etapu w życiu danego bohatera lub stają się nawet przyczyną sprawczą ciąży, czyli powstania nowego życia. Uwzględnienie owych idei umożliwia lepsze zrozumienie tych tekstów biblijnych, w których również występują wątki ryby i śmiechu.

EN

Nowadays, Catholic exegetes interpret the Bible using a variety of methods and approaches. The most important of these are mentioned in the document entitled The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church. More than 25 years have passed since this act was published. This article wants to commemorate this event. It proposes an approach to the Bible through fables. The application of the proposed approach undoubtedly enriches the interpretation of the Scriptures. This thesis is demonstrated by the application of two fables motifs: fish and laughter. In fables, fish and laughter quite often mark the beginning of a new stage in the life of a certain protagonist or even become the causative agent of pregnancy, i.e. a new life. Paying attention to these ideas enables a better understanding of those biblical texts that also contain themes of fish and laughter.