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1

Effects of dietary addition of a low-pectin apple fibre preparation on rats

100%

Fotschki B. , Jurgonski A. , Kolodziejczyk K. , Sojka M.

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nr 3

2

Dietary chicory inulin-rich meal exerts greater healing effects than fructooligosaccharide preparation in rats with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced necrotic colitis

75%

Fotschki B. , Jurgonski A. , Fotschki J. , Majewski M. , Ognik K. , Juskiewicz J.

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nr 2

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of chicory root inulinrich meal (containing a polyphenolic fraction as well) and pure fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on necrotic colitis induced with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in Wistar rats. Both chicory preparations signi cantly reduced the pH value of colonic digesta and favourably lowered the caecal activity of bacterial -glucuronidase as well as the caecal concentration of putrefactive short-chain fatty acids in comparison to the control TNBS rats. In addition, they enhanced the production of total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA pool) and concentration of anti-in ammatory propionic acid in the caecal digesta. Nevertheless, only dieary chicory meal favourably increased the total SCFA concentration and thus decreased the pH value of caecal digesta. The increased caecal SCFA production may explain the observed greater reduction in mucosal necrosis and increased glandular mucosal regeneration in rats fed a diet with chicory root meal. Both chicory preparations bene cially regulated physiological parameters in the lower part of the rat intestinal tract after TNBS-induced colitis, however the dietary treatment with chicory meal showed stronger reduction of mucosal disturbances caused by colitis. Those bene cial effects might be related to the higher polymerization of inulin vs. FOS and to the presence of biologically active compounds in the meal, i.e., phenolic compounds, which had a strong impact on intestinal microbial activity and thus indirectly alleviated mucosal disturbances caused by colitis.

3

Concentrations of blood serum and urinal ellagitannin metabolites depend largely on the post-intake time and duration of strawberry phenolics ingestion in rats

75%

Zary-Sikorska E. , Kosmala M. , Milala J. , Fotschki B. , Ognik K. , Juskiewicz J.

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nr 4

EN

The different duration of a strawberry phenolic fraction intake and different post-intake time were experimental factors affecting the concentrations of ellagitannin metabolites in the urine and blood serum of rats. For four days, the animals were gavaged once a day as follows: group C (water, days 1–4), group F1–4 (fraction, days 1–4), group F1–3 (fraction, days 1–3; water, day 4), group F1–2 (fraction, days 1, 2; water, days 3, 4), group F3–4 (water, days 1, 2; fraction, days 3, 4), and group F4 (water, days 1–3; and fraction, day 4). The daily dosage of the fraction gavaged to one rat was 20 mg/kg of body weight. The fraction contained monomers and dimers of ellagitannins as well as proanthocyanidins. The caecal, urinal, and blood serum ellagitannin metabolites were analysed 12 h after the last treatment. Ellagic acid, urolithin A, and nasutin A were detected in the caecal digesta. In turn, urolithin A, nasutin A, and their glucuronide conjugates were detected in the urine, while urolithin A glucuronide, nasutin A glucuronide, and ellagic acid dimethyl ether glucuronide were found in the serum. The highest caecal and urinal concentrations of ellagitannin metabolites followed the F1–4 treatment. In the serum, the highest concentrations of the metabolites were determined in the rats administered the phenolic fraction during days 1–4 and 3–4. No metabolites were found in the rats following the C and F1–2 treatments. The results suggest that the presence of ellagitannin metabolites in the rat’surine and serum largely refl ects the concentrations of caecal metabolites and the number of subsequent days of strawberry phenolic fraction administration.

4

Synergistic antimicrobial effect of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L., Rosaceae) preparations and probiotic bacteria on enteric pathogens

63%

Bauza-Kaszewska J. , Zary-Sikorska E. , Gugolek A. , Ligocka A. , Kosmala M. , Karlinska E. , Fotschki B. , Juskiewicz J.

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tom 71

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nr 1

EN

Due to the increasing microbial tolerance to commonly used food preservatives, as well as growing consumer awareness of their adverse impact on human health, alternative methods of pathogens reduction in food are widely investigated. The aim of this research was to examine the antimicrobial activity of red raspberry pomace and seed preparations against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain. The combined action of LAB (lactic acid bacteria) and raspberry preparations on the pathogenic species was also evaluated. The results of our study showed no or weak antibacterial effect of raspberry preparations on the pathogenic bacteria tested. Regardless of preparation concentration (1.0 or 2.0 mg/mL), the bacteria number after 48-h incubation was usually higher than in the culture at the initial stage and varied from 10⁵ to 10⁷ cfu/mL. On the other hand, probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain caused a significant reduction in the enteric pathogen count after 24-h co-culture with LAB. The concentrations of both Salmonella serotypes were below the detection limit of the analytical methods applied. Moreover, the combined use of LAB and raspberry preparations resulted in the total elimination of Salmonella strains and the reduction in L. monocytogenes number from 10⁵ to 10²–10⁴ cfu/mL after 24-h co-culture. EHEC revealed the highest resistance to the mixed culture effect. The synergic antimicrobial effect suggests the possibility of applying probiotic bacteria and berry preparations as natural antimicrobial agents in the food industry.