Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Analysis and Evaluation of Manoeuvrability Characteristics of Polish Ferries m/f „Polonia” and m/f „Gryf”

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Szymoński M.

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tom Vol. 7, no. 4

515--518

EN

The paper describes some specific manner of M/F “Polonia” manoeuvring at the Ystad harbour where she is regarded to be “over maximal ship” and also M/F “Gryf” manoeuvring at Trelleborg, taking part into consideration the effect of wind pressure into the ship’s superstructures and houses.

2

Some notes on the future navigation satellite systems architecture for marine purposes

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Szymoński M.

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tom z. 9/39

225-231

EN

This paper provides an advice on the evaluation of more than one Satellite System concept for marine navigation. A very wide range of different types of ships performes different tasks at sea. The transport, scientific, technological, economical and social development are generating new, specific tasks at sea which result in future standarization of navigation operation. The standards for navigation and recommendations on the marine uses of Satellite Radionavigation System are very precisely specified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Some aspects of operational requirements and operational criteria concerning the Satellite Systems of Global Marine Navigation are presented in the paper.

3

Some notes on safety measures when approaching port of Świnoujście

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Szymoński M.

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tom Vol. 12, no. 1

77--80

EN

The paper describes new directions in which the safety of navigation in Pomeranian Bay (Poland) became into a new era since the LNG Terminal in port of Świnoujście begun to attend to a large gas tankers at around 320 meters length, 50 meters breadth, and draught of 12.5 meters. For the safety of naviga-tion in Pomeranian Bay, the Maritime Administration has modified the traffic regulations, directing the ship's traffic to the zones outside the main approaching channel. For some of the ships navigating in to Świnoujście the new regulations mean the necessity of passing the shallow waters, with all consequences of that. The most important effect, being predominating in shallow waters, it is the squat effect. This effect is causing the ship's speed reduction and the increase of fuel consumption. It is very difficult to select the influence of the squat effect from others, like weather conditions, waves high and direction, and sea keeping qualities for ships of different type. This paper is giving the contribution to deep analysis of the above, and is presenting the test results done for passenger/cargo Ferries, travelling as per regular service to the port of Świnoujście: M/F "Gryf" and M/F "Wolin".

4

Safety management on Ro-Ro passenger ships

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Szymoński M.

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2024

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tom Vol. 18 No. 2

281--285

EN

To define the safety management on Ro-Ro passenger ship, the wide spectrum of captain’s responsibilities should be taken into consideration. One of the important responsibilities is the ship’s stability examination. The other measures as the ship’s condition, wind on ship with large windage area, rolling characteristics, severe seas etc., are important for ensuring the safe operating of ship, to minimize the risk to the ship, to the personnel and passengers on board , and to the environment. The international convention for the Safety Of Life At Sea – ( SOLAS 90) make into fact the continual development of safety standards in the 111 years since the sinking of the Titanic. Important enhancement stability, operational requirements and damage stability requirements were made as a consequence of several disasters at sea: “Torrey Canyon” in 1967 , “Herald of Free Enterprise” in 1987 (183 dead), “Exon Valdez” in 1989, “Braer” in 1993, “Estonia” in 1994 (892 dead). In particular the dramatic loss of the Ro-Ro/Passenger vessels M/F “Herald of Free Enterprise” in 1987, and M/F “Estonia” in 1994, respectively, has resulted in the international regulation requiring enhanced damage stability requirements for this type of vessels, and in more stringent damage stability criteria adopted on a regional basis by Northern European countries (STOCKHOLM Agreement, 1977).

5

Wpływ gospodarki morskiej na rozwój regionu i kraju

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Szymoński M.

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tom nr 3

121-123

PL

Narodowy plan rozwoju na lata 2004 - 2006 oraz racjonalne wykorzystanie środków pomocniczych z Unii Europejskiej.

EN

National development plan for years 2004 - 2006 and rational use of European Union aid founds for newly associated states.

6

Erythrocyte surface modification due to the pharmacological treatment studied with atomic force microscopy

51%

Targosz M. , Czuba P. , Szymoński M.

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2002

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tom Vol. 32, nr 3

275-281

EN

The influence of some selected pharmacological compounds on the surface structure of human erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs) has been studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The imaging has been done both in the air environment on the fixed cells, and in a liquid (physiological conditions). RBCs are very sensitive to the osmotic changes in the solution, e.g., increasing NaCl concentration in the solution to a value higher than 0.9% leads to the characteristic changes of the erythrocyte from a discoid-like shape to a very irregular one, the so-called “echinocyte”, with a lot of ledges. Both contact and non-contact AFMs have been used to monitor the consecutive stages of RBC surface modification. Imaging the echinocytes immersed in isotonic solution has shown that the changes in RBC cells are fully reversible in the whole range of concentrations used in this investigation. Furthermore, the modification of the erythrocyte surface morphology induced by nifedipine, a drug used in the pharmacological treatment of hypertension, has been studied in this work.

7

Scanning probe microscopy of self-assembled organic monolayers

45%

Cyganik P. , Korecki P. , Szymońska J. , Szymoński M. , Postawa Z.

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tom Vol. 31, No. 3/4

440-446

EN

STM/AFM and LFM microscopes were used for morphological analysis of uniform and patterned self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from docosanethiol (HS-(CH₂)₁₁CH₃), dodecanethiol (HS-(CH₂)₁₁CH₃) and mercaptododecanoic acid (HS-(CH₂)₁₁COOH) molecules adsorbed at 200nm gold film deposited onto silicon wafer. All measurements were performed in air. The lateral distances between atoms were determined using HOPG sample for calibration. Images obtained on clen Au substrate revealed that the surface was not uniform but was composed from flat crystallites having {111} surfaces. For DCT/Au samples a (√3 x √3) R30° reconstruction of molecules was detected. In this case, electron tunneling was pesumed to occur between the microscope itp and gold-bound uslfur atom of DCT molecule. Depressions with a diameter of 40÷150 Å and a depth of approximately 2.4 Å were observed on otherwise flat surface of DCT monolayer. Our results support hypothesis that defects are formed by removal of Au atoms that takes place during monolayer formation when the substrate is immersed in ethanol solution.

8

Nanoscale studies of electron-stimulated desorption of alkali halides

38%

Szymoński M. , Kołodziej J. , Struski P. , Such B. , Czuba P. , Piątkowski P.

Electron Technology

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2000

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tom Vol. 33, No. 3

369-374

EN

Electron-stimulated desorption processes of alkali halides have been studied with nanoscale resolution techniques allowing for microscopic understanding of ejection and surface modification mechanisms in those materials. Over the two recenty years, new experimental data were obtained for NaCl, KCl, and KBr nanometer thin films epitaxially grown on GaAs (001) and InSb (001) substrates. Well characterized surfaces were desorbed with 1 keV electrons of various dose and current density. The ejected species were analysed with a mass selected time-of flight spectrometer. We have measured the absolute yields for both alkali and halogen atom components of desorption as well as their translational velocity distributions as a function of the film thickness in the range from 1 to 100 nm. It was found that both the fast and the slow (thermal) components of desorption were strongly thickness dependent due to diffusion mechanisms involved in the transport of the primary excitation products from the bulk to the surface. Topographic features of the modified bulk single crystals of KCl (001) and KBr (001) were observed with an UHV non-contact atomic force microscope (NC-AMF). Rectangular holes of monolayer depth with edges oriented along the main crystallographic directions of the (001) plain were visible on the irradiated surfaces. We found that ESD of alkali halides studied in this work essentially occurred in layer-by-layer mode, except for the fact that the erosion of the consecutive layer started before the erosion of the previous one was completed. The average desortion rates were determined quantitatively from our microscopic data and they were compared with the ones obtained from thin film experiments.

9

Atomic force microscopy imaging of the paper surface subjected to process of artificial ageing

38%

Krok F. , Piątkowski P. , Czuba P. , Konieczna A. , Barański A. , Szymoński M.

Electron Technology

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2000

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tom Vol. 33, No. 3

361-365

EN

The influence if the ageing process on the paper surface topography has been examined by means of the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The AFM images of thr native and artificially aged paper exhabit different surface strucure and various abilities to bond water. The surface of native paper consist of the cellulose macrofibres with a spine-like structure, and the elementary fibres of about 10 ÷ 20 nm in diameter. It was found that the ageing process did not change the spine-like structure of the cellulose macrofibres, although it induced the swelling of the elementary fibres. In addition, the images of the aged paper showed that multilayers of water were formed on its surface whereas for non-aged samples such effect was not observed. This behaviour was confirmed by using a technique of "phase-imaging". We argue that swelling of the cellulose fibres and formation of water multilayers is caused by water molecules which are permanently bound to the cellulose chains of the aged paper.

10

Low energy ion beam-induced modification of InSb surface studied at nanometric scale

38%

Krok F. , Kołodziej J. J. , Such B. , Piątkowski P. , Szymoński M. , Odendaal R. Q. , Malherbe J. B.

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2002

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tom Vol. 32, nr 3

221-226

EN

Atomically flat InSb(001) surface has been prepared with cycles of sputter-cleaning and annealing. The surface structure has been characterized by low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Then the surface has been bombarded with 4 keV Ar+ ions incident 50° off normal, and the morphological changes have been studied with the AFM as a function of the ion dose. It was found that the surface was amorphized already for low ion doses (~2×1015/cm2). At higher ion doses (of 2×1016/cm2) the surface appeared to be covered with the system of parallel nanowires running along surface projection of the ion beam direction. Typical sizes of the nanowires were: 1.5–2 mm length, 50–70 nm width and height 5–7 nm.