Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The ‘heart’ of public interventions in historic cities- reflections on the HRIDAY scheme

Kothari Swapna, Thakur Shivangi

Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

|

2023

|

Nr 16

75--85

EN

The paper intends to discuss implemented examples from the Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana also commonly known as the HRIDAY scheme in India and how they addressed public spaces in historical cities. HRIDAY (2014-2019) was formulated to provide holistic development and improve infrastructure mainly at pilgrim towns under the Ministry of Urban Development, now the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). The scheme taking into consideration the complexity of dealing with entire historic cities especially for the urban local bodies, focused on only taking into account primarily the core of a city, i.e. its old town centre. Its purview was to revitalise the city’s unique character by ‘encouraging the development of an aesthetically appealing, accessible, informative and secured environment’ (MOUD, 2015). However, as the scheme ended, there remain many historic towns and cities across the country that could benefit from reflections and understanding from its executed projects. To undertake any further development strategies from the scheme, it was imperative to understand its application specifically in the public space typology. HRIDAY primarily addressed the needs of retaining a cultural identity via improvement of public infrastructure and promoting tourism. The paper will specifically address how public chowks (squares) and market streets fared benefited from the scheme, from secondary sources in two selected cities. Additions of sanitation or public conveniences, or development of cultural event spaces, in existing public realms and interventions like interpretation centres and improvement of paths will all be considered and guidelines and theories extrapolated. These would be to guide future heritage sensitive urban development in cities and towns across India.

2

Larger Benthic Foraminifera from Paleocene–Eocene carbonates, Eastern Tethys, Meghalaya NE India – their comparison with Western Tethys and palaeobiogeographical significance

Tewari Vinod Chandra

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

|

2023

|

nr 1-2 (72-73)

71--72

EN

India–Asia plate collision and uplift of the Himalaya took place during Paleocene–Eocene time (50 Ma). The extension of western Tethys Sea from Europe to Asian eastern Tethyan region has been correlated by assemblages of Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF). Global correlation and paleobiogeography of the eastern Meghalayan and western Tethyan Sea is discussed on the basis of SBZ of Paleocene– Eocene foraminifera assemblages (Fig. 1). Paleocene–Eocene Lakadong Limestone and Umlatodoh Limestone were deposited in shallow marine carbonate ramp depositional environment in Shillong Plateau, Meghalaya, NE India. The sedimentation basin is part of the Eastern Tethys and LBF and calcareous algae is the major carbonate facies. Coral reefs are not developed in these carbonates in contrast with the western Tethys limestones in Adriatic Platform and western European –Alpine region (Tewari et al., 2007).The LBF and algal assemblage in both the limestones is consistent with other parts of Eastern Tethys in Eastern India and Tibet (Hottinger, 1971; Scheibner & Speijer, 2008, Tewari et al., 2010). The latest Paleocene (Biozone SBZ4) miscellanids and ranikothalids are replaced by Early Eocene alveolinids and nummulitids, which dominates LBF assemblages in the western Tethyan realm at the P-E boundary (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008), Thanetian (SBZ4 Biozone) is equivalent to Tethyan platform stage II (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008). In standard biozones Ilerdian (SBZ5-SBZ6), a general reorganization in LBF communities is recorded with a long life and low reproductive potential (Hottinger, 1971). However, in the Meghalayan LBF assemblages of the lowest Eocene (biozones SBZ5/6) are still dominated by Ranikothalia and Miscellanea, while new LBFs that first emerged within this time interval elsewhere (e.g. Assilina, Alveolina and Discocyclina) are less important and Nummulites are absent. Later, in the Early Eocene there was a gradual diversification of Discocyclina and Assilina species (Fig. 1), while Ranikothalia disappeared and Miscellanea became less important by the end of the SBZ5/6 biozones. Similar LBF assemblages have been recorded in other parts of east Tethys in western India and Tibet (Scheibner & Speijer 2008; Tewari et al., 2010 and references therein). Such LBF assemblages in east Tethys thus differ from west Tethys. Palaeobiogeographical barriers must have existed between India and Eurasia during early collision of Indian Plate with Eurasia Plate around 50 Ma (Tewari et al., 2010 and references therein). These barriers prevented migration of certain LBF species of Nummulites and Alveolina between these two palaeogeographic regions. LBF dominated facies in the other basins of Meghalaya like Umlatodoh Limestone are well developed in low latitude. However, mixed coral-algal reefs and LBF facies were sparse in low-mid latitude carbonate environments (Adriatic Platform of Italy-Slovenia, Oman, Egypt, Libya, NW Somalia; Tewari et al., 2007, 2010; Scheibner & Speijer, 2008 and references therin). In contrast to west Tethys, corals are absent in Eastern Tethys (calcareous algae is present in SBZ3 and SBZ4 Biozone, Fig. 1) in the Meghalaya and other low-latitude eastern Tethys (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008). Carbonate ramp (shallow tidal flat ) carbonate environments were dominated by LBFs from Early to Late Paleocene (SBZ4, SBZ5, biozones; Fig. 1). It is interpreted that the collision of the Indian and Asian plates must have generated this difference in palaeobiodiversity by creating barriers, which prevented migration of certain LBFs (Nummulites) from west to east. Later, in the Early Eocene (SBZ6, SBZ7-SBZ8 biozones), recorded from younger Umlatodoh Limestone in the upper part gradually replaced by LBF dominated facies in the east, with highly diversified LBF species of Nummulites, Discocyclina, Discocylina jauhrii etc.), indicating stable shallow marine environmental conditions. Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses from Paleocene–Eocene Lakadong Limestone and Umlatodoh Limestone strongly supports a shallow marine carbonate platform deposition in Eastern Shallow Tethys, Meghalaya, India (Tewari et al., 2010)

3

Negative Shrinkage of Thin-walled Investment Brass Castings

Roy Soumyajit, Pramanick A. K., Datta P. K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

|

2023

|

Vol. 23, iss. 1

17--24

EN

Dhokra or Dokra casting is a sophisticated cast metal craft tradition of the Indian subcontinent. It has been practiced by the countryfolk now since the Copper Age. It is a lost wax casting process in the hot clay mold. The technology is such sophisticated that it can produce up to 400 μm thin-walled hollow cast products with complicated and intricate shapes using Brass, Bronze, Copper, and other copper alloys. The investigation was for engraving Brass (2% lead) which is used by Dhokra artisans nowadays. In a field visit during dimensional analysis, one discrepancy was identified. The metal thicknesses of hollow castings are thicker than the thickness of the wax pattern. This cast metal dilation phenomenon is unusual. Shrinkage of metals compared to the pattern dimension is familiar in the casting world. The same abnormalities in the repeated investigation at different sites were observed. All the studies and experiments were organized to explain the reason hidden behind the phenomenon.

4

Genocide, ethical imperatives and the strategic significance of asymmetric power: India’s diplomatic and military interventions in the Bangladesh Liberation War (Indo-Pakistan War of 1971)

Bose Rudrajit

Security and Defence Quarterly

|

2022

|

Vol. 38, No. 2

31--50

EN

This paper seeks to understand if the political, legal and ethical imperatives of a humanitarian war justified Indian military intervention in East Pakistan. It examines the asymmetric, dynamic national power equations that shaped the Bangladesh Liberation War and the genocide that preceded the conflict. At the height of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, this conflict was a key flashpoint in South Asia. This research was undertaken through a qualitative literature review with the help of declassified archival documents and media from numerous national archives and government databases across the world. Aided by emerging insights, perspectives and research, this paper seeks to evolve, extend and expand our existing understanding of events as they unfolded within the overall matrix of this conflict. The results show that India’s ability to align its foreign policy and media narratives to its military objectives while adroitly managing big power rivalry holds lessons for how smaller states might compel strategic concessions from big powers and global institutions. This requires them to navigate both the asymmetry of national power and the asymmetry of attention during a conflict to secure their interests. In conclusion, recent times have seen an increasing trend for major global powers and alliances to declare war in the name of humanitarianism. The political and ethical imperatives of a humanitarian war in 1971 dovetailed seamlessly with larger Indian strategic goals and was one of the catalysts for the eventual unanimous adoption in 2005 of the global political commitment known as Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in the United Nations.

5

Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Pursuit of Sustainable Development: Creating a More Sustainable Future

Kumar Rajesh, Pathak Govind Swaroop

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2022

|

Vol. 17, nr 2

166--177

EN

In recent times, the world has faced environmental challenges like deforestation, Global warming, soil erosion, water pollution, air pollution, and water scarcity. In order to solve the stakeholder demands and challenges, business houses must find answers. Companies must incorporate sustainability into their operations and operate with an entrepreneurial attitude. Sustainably oriented business operations may help firms reduce negative environmental impacts while simultaneously creating shared benefits for themselves and society, called sustainable corporate entrepreneurship. Such entrepreneurial activity helps an organization to achieve sustainable development goals. This research analyses the importance of sustainable corporate entrepreneurship in attaining the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in a developing country like India through a case study methodology. The study integrates several aspects of sustainable innovation concerning various areas of sustainable development goals. Further Implications, Limitations, and future research directions have been considered.

6

American Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP) —Requirements, Benefits or Burdens for Indian Food Companies, and Difficulties in the Implementation®

Nair Surya S., Czarnecka-Skubina Ewa, Jakubowska-Gawlik Katarzyna, Trafiałek Joanna

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

|

2022

|

nr 2

176--183

EN

Thepurpose of this article was topresent theAmerican Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP). An importer of food is required to develop, maintain, and follow a Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FS VP) to ensure that eachfood product it imports meets FDA food safety standards. Specifically, an importer s FS VP must provide adequate assurances that: (a) the importer ’sforeign suppliers produce food with the same level of public health protection as those required by FDA for domestically produced food; and (b) the importer’s foreign suppliers produce food that is not adulterated or misbranded. The FSVP regulations apply to all FDA-regulated food imported or oflered for import into the United States.

PL

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie Amerykańskiego Programu Weryfikacji Dostawców Zagranicznych (FSVP). Importer żywności jest zobowiązany do opracowania, utrzymywania i przestrzegania Programu Weryfikacji Dostawców Zagranicznych (FSVP) w celu zapewnienia, że każda importowana żywność spełnia normy bezpieczeństwa żywności FDA. W szczególności FSVP importera musi zapewnić odpowiednie gwarancje, że: (a) zagraniczni dostawcy importera produkują żywność o takim samym poziomie ochrony zdrowia publicznego, jak wymagany przez FDA dla żywności produkowanej w kraju; oraz b) zagraniczni dostawcy importera produkują żywność, która nie jest zafałszowana ani błędnie oznakowana. Przepisy FSVP mają zastosowanie do całej żywności podlegającej przepisom FDA, importowanej lub oferowanej do importu do Stanów Zjednoczonych.

7

Factors responsible for the sudden outburst of Noctiluca scintillans in the Chennai coastal waters, southeast coast of India – a case study

Mishra Pravakar, Begum Mehmuna, Gera Anitha, Kumar B. Charan, Garlapati Deviram, Pradhan Uma Kanta, Vashi Athan, Bandyopadhyay Debasmita, Naik Subrat J., Panda Uma Sankar, Ramana Murthy Mallavarapu Venkata

Oceanologia

|

2022

|

No. 64 (4)

781--788

EN

The paper discusses the factors associated with the sudden outbreak of the nocturnal heterotrophic bioluminescent dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans along the Chennai coast. The bloom occurred along a stretch of 16 km following a spell of heavy rain in August 2019. The density of N. scintillans varied from 1000 to 19000 cells/L, with a distinguished distribution pattern. High N. scintillans abundance was recorded at Panaiyurkuppam and Kovalam, with 19000 cells/L and 18000 cells/L, recorded respectively. Adequate nutrients brought by substantial rainfall and a high abundance of the diatom Thalassiosira sp. triggered the N. scintillans bloom. The low wind speed (5 m/sec), lowering of atmospheric temperature (from 24.00 to 31.00°C, 27.5 ± 1.17°C), high rainfall (6 mm within one day), and low sea surface temperature (SST) (from 25.20 to 31.00°C, 29.37± 1.17°C) are probable environmental cues. Local hydrodynamics and the diverging currents governed the presence and dispersion of the bloom in the region.

8

Algal bloom, hypoxia, and mass fish kill events in the backwaters of Puducherry, Southeast coast of India

Mishra Pravakar, Naik Subrat, Babu P. Vipin, Pradhan Umakanta, Begum Mehmuna, Kaviarasan Thanamegam, Vashi Athan, Bandyopadhyay Debasmita, Ezhilarasan Pazhaniyappan, Panda Uma Sankar, Ramana Murthy Mallavarapu Venkata

Oceanologia

|

2022

|

No. 64 (2)

396--403

EN

The Chunnambar backwater of Puducherry experienced changes in water quality over a period. The most significant impact was the sudden mass fish kill event coincided with the Pseudo-nitzschia bloom. On 25th September 2019, a mass fish kill event was reported, i.e. about a 0.25 metric ton (MT) floating on the water surface. On 29th September 2019, a much larger (∼1 MT) than the earlier incident had occurred. Sampling was carried out to assess the causes thereof. The results indicate that high organic matter and bacterial loads accumulated in the water and sediment due to the closure of the river mouth for an extended period. High ammonia (61.4 µM) and phosphate (6.2 µM) levels attributed to eutrophic conditions in the water column and hypoxemia due to low dissolved oxygen (1.62 mg/L at St.1 and 2.4 mg/L at St.5) and algal bloom were the proximate cause of these sudden fish kills. We recommend periodic dredging to facilitate proper water exchange between the backwater and the sea.

9

Sustainability reporting in India: a critical assessment of business responsibility reports of the top 100 companies

Mahajan Ritika

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

|

2022

|

Vol. 34

27--376

EN

This paper aims to investigate environmental, social and governance reporting compliance by the top 100 companies in India. It presents and discusses companies' compliance, the nature of disclosures, and the issues and challenges in reporting. For this purpose, content analysis of the business responsibility reports of these companies published between 2016 and 2019 and an expert survey were conducted. The paper provides insights into sustainability reporting compliance amid the ongoing efforts to develop reporting regulations in India suited to the country's context and, simultaneously, at par with global standards.

10

A study on impact of open innovation openness on the practices adopted by Indian Food Processing SMEs on Product Innovation Output

Sahdev Supriya Lamba, Singh Gurinder, Sharma C. S., Chawla Mamta

Acta Innovations

|

2022

|

no. 44

45--63

EN

This study throws light on the outline of innovation taking place in Indian Food Processing SMEs with a special focus on open Innovation taking place in these SMEs and the exchange of information or knowledge taking place between inside-out and outside-in parties for the purpose of innovation. In addition, puts special focus on describing how SMEs’ product innovation output related with the effect of outside-in and inside-out exchange of knowledge and information. Further, it analyzes how expenditure on innovation and collaborating with outside parties can help in the predicting product innovation output of Indian Food Processing SMEs. The analysis was done with the help of Jamovi to find out regression between the dependent variable- “Product innovation output” & independent variables- “Extent of openness”, “Inhouse R& D expenditure”, “Purchase of R&D from outside sources”, “Acquiring knowledge from outside sources” and control variable- “Indian Food Processing SMEs”. And towards the end, it contains the summary of the survey done, which suggested that Indian Food Processing SMEs are proactively involved themselves in inside R&D in comparison to the outside R&D and buying or taking license from outside sources. Other than these activities, one more pointer came as a takeaway from the study, product innovation is performed more in comparison to process innovation by the Indian Food Processing SMEs.

11

Evaluating the variability in long-term rainfall over India with advanced statistical techniques

Ahmed Ishita Afreen, Salam Roquia, Naikoo Mohd Waseem, Rahman Atiqur, Praveen Bushra, Hoai Pham Ngoc, Pham Quoc Bao, Anh Duong Tran, Tri Doan Quang, Elkhrachy Ismail

Acta Geophysica

|

2022

|

Vol. 70, no 2

801--818

EN

Climate change has been a significant subject in recent years all around the world. Statistical analysis of climatic parameters such as rainfall can investigate the actual status of the atmosphere. As a result, this study aimed to look at the pattern of mean annual rainfall in India from 1901 to 2016, considering 34 meteorological subdivisions. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test, Modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) test, Bootstrapped MK (BMK) test, and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) were used to find trends in yearly rainfall time-series results. Rainfall forecasting was evaluated using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Because the research comprised 34 meteorological subdivisions, it may be challenging to convey the general climatic conditions of India in a nutshell. The MK, MMK, and BMK tests showed a significant (p < 0.01 to p < 0.1) negative trend in 9, 8, and 9 sub-divisions, respectively. According to the ITA, a negative trend was found in 17 sub-divisions, with 9 sub-divisions showing a significance level of 0.01 to 0.1. The ITA outperformed the other three trend test techniques. The results of DFA showed that 20 sub-divisions would decrease in future rainfall, suggesting that there was a link between past and future rainfall trends. Results show that highly negative or decreasing rainfall trends have been found in broad regions of India, which could be related to climate change, according to the results. ITA and DFA techniques to discover patterns in 34 sub-divisions across India have yet to be implemented. In developing management plans for sustainable water resource management in the face of climate change, this research is a valuable resource for climate scientists, water resource scientists, and government officials.

12

Effective information system and organisational efficiency

Rahiman Habeeb Ur, Nawaz Nishad, Kodikal Rashmi, Hariharasudan A.

Polish Journal of Management Studies

|

2021

|

Vol. 24, No. 2

398--413

EN

The present study aims to identify the effectiveness of information systems on organizational efficiency in technical and operational perspectives in the various public and private sectors. The novelty of the research focuses on data security practices, perceived severity, response efficacy, perceived usefulness and perceived behavioral control on organisational effectiveness. The survey data is gathered from 200 professionals representing public and private sectors in India and MENA countries who broadly support these outcomes. The analysis of data was generated by applying an equation model and various descriptive statistical tools using AMOS and SPSS. The study results reveal that an effective information system with comprehensive information management avoids potential cyber-attacks and enhances the organisation’s performance. The study identified that repeated cyberattacks threaten the reputation of the business and its organizational operations. Therefore, creating effective awareness about risks and challenges on business operation among the workforce enhances the performance and efficiency of the organization. This empirical research has contributed significantly for organizations to emphasize suitable measures to incorporate effective information and risk mitigation plan to protect data and efficiency. The research outcome emphasized that training and awareness are mediating variables to enhance performance.

PL

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu określenie skuteczności systemów informatycznych w zakresie sprawności organizacyjnej w perspektywach technicznych i operacyjnych w różnych sektorach publicznym i prywatnym. Nowość badania koncentruje się na praktykach w zakresie bezpieczeństwa danych, postrzeganej dotkliwości, skuteczności reakcji, postrzeganej użyteczności i postrzeganej kontroli behawioralnej nad efektywnością organizacji. Dane ankietowe zostały zebrane od 200 specjalistów reprezentujących sektor publiczny i prywatny w Indiach i krajach MENA, którzy szeroko popierają te wyniki. Analiza danych została wygenerowana przez zastosowanie modelu równania i różnych opisowych narzędzi statystycznych przy użyciu AMOS i SPSS. Wyniki badania pokazują, że skuteczny system informacyjny z kompleksowym zarządzaniem informacją pozwala uniknąć potencjalnych cyberataków i poprawia wydajność organizacji. Badanie wykazało, że powtarzające się cyberataki zagrażają reputacji firmy i jej działaniom organizacyjnym. Dlatego budowanie wśród pracowników skutecznej świadomości na temat zagrożeń i wyzwań związanych z działalnością biznesową zwiększa wydajność i efektywność organizacji. To badanie empiryczne w znacznym stopniu przyczyniło się do podkreślenia przez organizacje odpowiednich środków w celu włączenia skutecznych informacji i planu łagodzenia ryzyka w celu ochrony danych i wydajności. Wyniki badań podkreślają, że szkolenie i świadomość są zmiennymi pośredniczącymi w zwiększaniu wydajności.

13

Geospatial Applicationsin Land Use/Land Cover Change Detection for Sustainable Regional Development:The Case of Central Haryana, India

Kumar Surender, Singh Ripudaman

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 15, no. 3

81--98

EN

Timely and accurate detection of land use/land cover (LULC) change is important for the macro and micro level sustainable development of any region. For this purpose, geospatial techniques are the best tool for change analysis as they supply timely, cheaper, precise and up to date information. This paper examines the spatial temporal change trend in LULC in the case of Central Haryana. Landsat 2, 3, 5, 7 and 8 images for the years 1975–2020 for pre and post monsoon periods were analyzed for the study. Radiometric correction was performed to derive better information. ArcGIS 10.2 and ENVI 5.3 are used for thematic layout and thematic change preparation. An unsupervised classification using ERDAS IMAGINE 2015 has also been done to classify study area in eight classes. The year 1975 is considered as the base year for change detection analysis. Results showed an increasing trend for the land use classes of built up, water body, and agricultural land without waterlogging in the pre and post monsoon periods between 1975 and 2020. Remaining land use classes of agriculture with waterlogging, open waterlogged area, vegetation and fallow land/sand dunes decreased during the same period. Increased human activities have changed the LULC in the region and have had a great impact on its sustainable regional development.

14

Factors contributing and promoting Open Innovation in Indian female-owned Food Processing SMEs - Prioritizing through the AHP technique

Sahdev Supriya Lamba, Singh Gurinder, Kaur Navleen

Acta Innovations

|

2021

|

no. 41

28--41

EN

The prime motivation behind this investigation is to recognize and organize the different factors connected to Open Innovation in the already up and running from last five years Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry. Fifteen Indian female owners were chosen. An AHP system was utilized to examine the weight of basic elements leading towards Open Innovation. All things considered, the respondents organized advancement technique, opportunity acknowledgment, money and inspiration as the principle criteria that leads to Open Innovation in Indian females owned SMEs in Food Processing. COVID-19, gender gap, raising inner and outer funds were likewise observed as a hindrance ladies face that usually would keep them away from innovative tasks performed for business. The result of this examination is giving policymakers in India food for thought regarding the significance of the factors connected to development of Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry and will be able to move towards sustainable development goals- Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and Goal 5 (gender equality) which is required for the economic development of the country. This will assist them with systemizing and organizing the basic, advancement of open innovation factors in Indian female owned Food Processing SMEs, which will give a boost to the contribution of Indian females in the financial development of India, which a developing country currently.

15

Early Pliocene calcareous and siliceous microfossils of the Sawai Bay Formation, Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean

Chakraborty Arindam, Ghosh Amit K., Mccartney Kevin, Saxena Stuti, Dey Rikee, Roy Lopamudra

Acta Geologica Polonica

|

2021

|

Vol. 71, no. 2

175--198

EN

The present contribution provides a study of calcareous nannofossils and siliceous microfossils from the Sawai Bay Formation on Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean. Two stratigraphically short sediment intervals near Sawai Bay have been examined. Qualitative and quantitative microfossil analyses show the Sawai Bay ‘A’ Section to be devoid of siliceous microfossils, while 24 well-preserved calcareous nannofossil taxa are identified. The Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section yields 18 calcareous nannofossil, 33 radiolarian and 25 diatom taxa. The calcareous nannofossil index taxa (Ceratolithus armatus Müller, 1974a and C. cristatus Kamptner, 1950) indicate both sections to be from zones NN12 (CN10b) and NN13 (CN10c) of early Pliocene (Zanclean) age. The radiolarian taxa, i.e., Didymocyrtis avita Riedel, 1953, Euchitonia spp., Siphocampe lineata (Ehrenberg) Nigrini, 1977, Stichocorys peregrina Riedel, 1953, Semantis spp. and Stylochlamydium sp. are common in the Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section, which is assigned to Zone RN9. Most of the diatom taxa are represented by rep-resentatives of the genera Actinocyclus Ehrenberg, 1837, Azpeitia Peragallo in Tèmpere and Peragallo, 1912, Coscinodiscus Ehrenberg, 1839a, Grammatophora Ehrenberg, 1841 and Triceratium Ehrenberg, 1839b, with the benthic diatom species Triceratium favus Ehrenberg, 1839b being predominant (~35% of the total diatom count). Siliceous microfossils are also represented by silicoflagellates dominated by Dictyocha spp. and sponge spicules dominated by astrophorids.

16

Who Will Speak for the Water and the Wildlife Conservation? Solving the Problems of Sustainable Development through Cause-related Marketing

Singh Akansha, Pathak Govind Swaroop

Problemy Ekorozwoju

|

2020

|

Vol. 15, nr 2

83--71

EN

CRM is adopted by organizations as a viable business strategy to implement sustainability initiatives. The existing literature suggests the variations in the execution style of the CRM campaigns by various organizations. This study proposes Cause-related Marketing (CRM) as one of the novel approaches to combat various issues related to sustainable development. The present study is focused to understand the role of CRM in aiding private sector organizations to address the problems of sustainable development and thus support the ‘United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)’ in an Emerging Economy India. The study attempts to integrate the various areas of focus of the CRM campaigns, the sustainability dimensions focused and the various SDGs supported. Further implications, limitations and future research directions have been discussed.

PL

Marketing CRM jest przyjmowany przez organizacje jako realna strategia biznesowa do wdrażania zrównoważonego rozwoju. Istnieją jednak różnice w stylu realizacji kampanii CRM przez różne organizacje. W niniejszym artkule uznano marketing CRM za jedno z nowatorskich podejść do zrównoważonego rozwoju. Niniejsze badanie koncentruje się na zrozumieniu roli marketingu CRM w pomaganiu organizacjom sektora prywatnego rozwijającej się gospodarki Indii w rozwiązywaniu problemów związanych ze zrównoważonym rozwojem, a tym samym wspieraniu Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych (SDG). W badaniu podjęto próbę integracji różnych obszarów zainteresowania kampanii CRM, wymiarów zrównoważonego rozwoju i powiązanych z nimi Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Omówiono dalsze implikacje, ograniczenia i przyszłe kierunki badań.

17

The Dnepropetrovsk Space Center: from ballistic missiles to international cooperation under the Interkosmos program

Gubka Olga, Savchuk Varfolomii

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

|

2020

|

T. 65, nr 3

29--58

EN

Interkosmos - the international space research program - is multilayered; it covers a variety of aspects: political, scientific, economic, propaganda, technical, etc. In the article, the authors provide insight into technical support for the Interkosmos program carried out at the Dnepropetrovsk Space and Rocket Center. The engineering background for the conversion of the Center-developed military rocketry for use in space exploration is studied. The authors, relying on the recollections of the participants, reveal the little-known aspects of the creation of a powerful satellite development facility at the Dnepropetrovsk Space and Rocket Center. The article brings into the foreground the importance of KB Yuzhnoye’s idea of developing a ‘unified spacecraft’, meaning a space platform where it was possible to install miscellaneous devices for pursuing a wide range of scientific issues. Using the example of Poland and India, some results obtained during launches of unmanned and manned spacecraft under the Interkosmos program are studied. The participation of the mentioned countries in the creation process of many scientific instruments for implementation of the Interkosmos program and the importance of this research and design direction are accentuated.

PL

Międzynarodowy projekt badań kosmicznych Interkosmos składał się z wielu elementów; w jego funkcjonowaniu można wyodrębnić różne aspekty: polityczny, naukowy, ekonomiczny, propagandowy, techniczny etc. W artykule autorzy przedstawiają techniczny wykład Dniepropietrowskiego Ośrodka Kosmiczno-Rakietowego w program Interkosmos. Artykuł omawia techniczne zagadnienia przekształcenia produkowanych w Ośrodku rakiet wojskowych do wykorzystania w eksploracji kosmosu. Autorzy, opierając się na wspomnieniach uczestników tych wydarzeń, opisują mało znane aspekty utworzenia prężnych zakładów produkujących satelity w Dniepropietrowskim Ośrodku Kosmiczno-Rakietowym. Artykuł podkreśla znaczenie rozwijanej w Biurze Projektowym Jużnoje idei stworzenia „zunifikowanego statku kosmicznego” - podstawy konstrukcyjnej, na której można by instalować różne instrumenty do rozwiązywania szerokiego wachlarza problemów badawczych. Na przykładzie Polski i Indii zostały przedstawione wyniki, które uzyskano podczas bezzałogowych i załogowych misji kosmicznych w ramach programu Interkosmos z zaznaczeniem udziału tych krajów w opracowaniu instrumentów naukowych służących programowi oraz znaczenie tego kierunku badań i rozwoju.

18

Spatial and temporal precipitation trends of proposed smart cities based on homogeneous monsoon regions across India

Singh Lakhwinder, Khare Deepak, Mishra Prabhash K., Pingale Santosh M., Thakur Hitesh P.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

no. 47

150--159

EN

The conservation of rainwater and augmentation of groundwater reserve is necessary to meet the increased water demands. Precipitation occurring in the smart cities need to be understood for a better water management action plan. Therefore, monotonic precipitation trend analysis was performed for eight smart cities drawn from six monsoon homogeneous regions across India. The precipitation data were investigated for trends using the modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) test and Sen’s slope estimator at annual, seasonal and monthly scales. The trend analysis was carried out over 118 years (from 1901 to 2018) at 95% significance level. The Dehradun city (Northern Himalayan region) showed a significant increasing annual precipitation trend (Z = +3.22). Indore and Bhopal cities from West Central region showed significant increasing annual trend (Z = +2.01) and non-significant decreasing annual trend respectively. Although, Vadodara and Jaipur are lying in the same Northwest region, the trends are opposite in nature. Jaipur city showed a significant increasing annual pre-monsoon trend (Z = +2.44). The winter rainfall in the city of Vadodara is showing a significant decreasing trend (Z = –2.16). The pre-monsoon rainfall in Bhubaneswar (Central Northeast region) and monsoon precipitation in Trivandrum (Peninsular region) are showing significant increasing (Z = +2.56) and decreasing (Z = –2.71) trends, respectively. A non-significant decreasing trend was seen in Guwahati city (Northeast region). The eight smart cities selected for investigation are not truly representing the entire country. However, the study is clearly pointing towards the regional disparity existing in the coun-try. These findings will be helpful for water managers and policymakers in these regions for better water management.

19

Reminiscencje z wyprawy mostowej do Indii

Stańczyk Andrzej

Drogownictwo

|

2020

|

nr 2

59--64, okł.

PL

Indie, kraj kontrastów, przeżywają boom budowlany. Powstają wysokie budynki, drogi i okazałe mosty, a także betonowe „lepianki” slumsów. Wrażenia z napotkanych obiektów mostowych, nowych lub jeszcze wznoszonych, są treścią niniejszego doniesienia.

EN

India, a country of contrasts, is experiencing a construction boom. Tall buildings, modern highways and magnificent bridges are being built, as are concrete shacks in slums. This article describes impressions born from observing new bridge structures, some recently completed and others still being built.

20

The impact of India’s economy on the development of seaports

Mindur Leszek

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

|

2019

|

z. 105

169--182

EN

India’s diversified economy includes traditional and modern agriculture, crafts, modern industries and a variety of services. In 2017, almost half (48.93%) of India’s GDP was generated by the service sector, whereas the industrial sector accounted for 26.16% and agriculture 15.45%. Despite a short-term economic downturn caused by a demonetisation and implementation of compulsory tax on goods and services, the continued favourable economic growth, including sustainable growth of the gross domestic product, revenue per capita, private consumption and public investment, as well as the improvement of other economic indicators, for example, car sales indicate that India’s macroeconomic conditions are generally stable. Structural reforms introduced by the government contribute to enhanced productivity among domestic businesses and attract more foreign direct investment. Due to its geographical location, India has been using sea transport to promote its international trade. However, with too few deep-sea ports and limited cargo handling capacity, its seaports can handle only some of the largest intercontinental ships. This article discusses India’s economic situation, with particular regard to the GDP growth in 2000-2017 and foreign trade. The analysis covers growth in cargo handling in main ports in India in 2000-2018. It discusses the port development project of Sagarmala introduced by the Government of India in 2015. The project is expected to solve problems associated with the performance of Indian ports and strengthen the Indian maritime sector to meet the ever-growing demand for goods transported by sea.