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  1. 2 Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
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  1. 5 Straszecka E.
  2. 3 Neumann T.
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  4. 2 Kachnic M.
  5. 2 Siemiątkowska B.
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1
Content available An approach to generalization of the intuitionistic fuzzy topsis method in the framework of evidence theory
Dymova Ludmila, Kaczmarek Krzysztof, Sevastjanov Pavel, Sułkowski Łukasz, Przybyszewski Krzysztof
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
|
2021
|
Vol. 11, No. 2
157--175
EN
A generalization of technique for establishing order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) in the intuitionistic fuzzy setting based on the redefinition of intuitionistic fuzzy sets theory (A−IFS) in the framework of Dempster-Shafer theory (DST) of evidence is proposed. The use of DST mathematical tools makes it possible to avoid a set of limitations and drawbacks revealed recently in the conventional Atanassov’s operational laws defined on intuitionistic fuzzy values, which may produce unacceptable results in the solution of multiple criteria decision-making problems. This boosts considerably the quality of aggregating operators used in the intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS method. It is pointed out that the conventional TOPSIS method may be naturally treated as a weighted sum of some modified local criteria. Because this aggregating approach does not always reflects well intentions of decision makers, two additional aggregating methods that cannot be defined in the framework of conventional A−IFS based on local criteria weights being intuitionistic fuzzy values, are introduced. Having in mind that different aggregating methods generally produce different alternative rankings to obtain the compromise ranking, the method for aggregating of aggregation modes has been applied. Some examples are used to illustrate the validity and features of the proposed approach.
2
Content available remote Place classification using Dempster-Shafer theory
Siemiątkowska B., Harasymowicz-Boggio B.
Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences
|
2017
|
Vol. 42, No. 3
258--273
EN
The paper presents a novel place labeling method. It is assumed that an indoor mobile robot equipped with a camera or RGB-D sensor ambulates an indoor environment. The places visited by the robot are classified based on objects which have been recognized. Each object (or set of objects) votes for a set of room classes. Data aggregation is performed using Dempster-Shafer theory (DST), which can be regarded as a generalization of the Bayesian theory. The possibility of taking into account the uncertainty of data is the main advantage of the described method. The classic Dempster’s rule of data aggregation has been criticized because it can lead to non-intuitive results. Many alternative methods have been proposed and several were tested during our experiments. Most place classification methods assume a closed world model, i.e. a test sample is assigned to the most probable class even if its corresponding probability is very small. An advantage of our system is the intrinsic capability of giving unknown class as an answer in such situations, which can be used by the robot to take appropriate actions.
3
Zastosowanie teorii Dempstera-Shafera w zagadnieniu klasyfikacji pomieszczeń
Siemiątkowska B.
Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Elektronika
|
2016
|
z. 195, t. 2
457--466
PL
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie algorytmu klasyfikacji miejsc wykorzystując teorię Dempstera-Shafera. Zaproponowany algorytm składa się z dwóch etapów: fazy uczenia oraz klasyfikacji pomieszczeń na podstawie występujących w tych pomieszczeniach obiektów. W przeciwieństwie do większości metod nie zakładamy świata zamkniętego, tzn. w przypadku braku dostatecznych przesłanek udzielana jest odpowiedź 'nie wiem'. Opisywana metoda została przetestowana w rzeczywistym otoczeniu w budynku wydziału Mechatroniki Politechniki Warszawskiej oraz wykorzystując publiczną bazę danych udostępnioną przez MIT.
EN
The paper presents a method of semantic labeling of the environment of a mobile indoor robot. In our approach we proposed a novel method of places classification. Rooms are classified based on objects which have been recognized by sensors. Each object (or sets of objects) votes for a set of classes of rooms. Data aggregation is performed using Dempster-Shafer theory (DST), which can be regarded as a generalization of the Bayesian theory. The experiments performed in real office environment and using simulation proved the efficiency of our approach.
4
Content available An approach to exponentiation with interval-valued power
Tikhonenko-Kędziak A., Kurkowski M.
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics
|
2016
|
Vol. 15, nr 4
157--169
EN
The main aim of the work is introducing an operation of raising intuitionistic fuzzy values to intuitionistic fuzzy power, which not requiring to conversion of intuitionistic fuzzy values. Introducing an operation of raising intuitionistic fuzzy values to intuitionistic fuzzy power, which does not require conversion of intuitionistic fuzzy values is the main aim of the work. It is known that, in the classical intuitionistic fuzzy sets theory, the use of all aggregation modes is not always possible because of the lack of definition of raising intuitionistic fuzzy values to intuitionistic fuzzy power. Therefore, the specific aim of the work is to present the heuristic method of raising intuitionistic fuzzy values to intuitionistic fuzzy power, and the consideration of its properties.
5
Content available Wybór trasy w warunkach rozmytych
Neumann T.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2016
|
R. 17, nr 12
704--707
PL
W prezentowanym artykule przedstawiono algorytm umożliwiający znalezienie najkrótszej ścieżki w grafie skierowanym. Do opisu krawędzi grafów zaproponowano użycie wyrażeń lingwistycznych. Do obliczeń zaproponowano wykorzystanie prostej defuzyfikacji wartości rozmytych do wartości ostrych. Pokazano, że taka metoda w przypadku znajdowania najkrótszej ze ścieżek może znaleźć zastosowanie.
EN
The paper presents an algorithm that allows finding the shortest path in the directed graph. To describe the edges of the graph proposed to use linguistic expressions. For the calculations proposed to use a simple defuzzification. It has been shown that this technique for finding the shortest way can be used.
6
Content available Membership Functions for Fuzzy Focal Elements
Porębski S., Straszecka E.
Archives of Control Sciences
|
2016
|
Vol. 26, no. 3
395--427
EN
The paper presents a study on data-driven diagnostic rules, which are easy to interpret by human experts. To this end, the Dempster-Shafer theory extended for fuzzy focal elements is used. Premises of the rules (fuzzy focal elements) are provided by membership functions which shapes are changing according to input symptoms. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate common membership function shapes and to introduce a rule elimination algorithm. Proposed methods are first illustrated with the popular Iris data set. Next experiments with five medical benchmark databases are performed. Results of the experiments show that various membership function shapes provide different inference efficiency but the extracted rule sets are close to each other. Thus indications for determining rules with possible heuristic interpretation can be formulated.
7
Content available Semantic Place Labeling Method
Siemiatkowska B., Harasymowicz-Boggio B., Chechlinski Ł.
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
|
2015
|
Vol. 9, No. 1
28--33
EN
The paper presents a method of semantic localization of a mobile robot. The robot is equipped with a Sick laser finder and a Kinect sensor. The simplest source of informa tion about an environment is a scan obtained by the range sensor. The polygonal approximation of an observed area is performed. The shape of the polygon allows us to distinguish corridors from other places using a simple rule based system. During the next step rooms are classified based on objects which have been recognized. Each object votes for a set of classes of rooms. In a real environment we deal with uncertainty. Usually probabilistic theory is used to solve the problem but it is not capable of capturing subjective uncertainty. In our approach instead of the classic Bayesian method we proposed to perform classification using Dempster-Shafer theory (DST), which can be regarded as a generalization of the Bayesian theory and is able to deal with subjective uncertainty. The experiments performed in real office environment proved the efficiency of our approach.
8
Content available Tworzenie reguł diagnostycznych na podstawie danych
Straszecka E.
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
|
2014
|
R. 60, nr 4
219--222
PL
W pracy przedstawiono metodę tworzenia reguł diagnostycznych o rozmytych przesłankach reprezentujących objawy i nierozmytej konkluzji odpowiadającej diagnozie. Reguły tworzy się na podstawie danych uczących, lecz są one zrozumiałe dla ekspertów i mogą być przez nich weryfikowane. Zbiór reguł dla każdej z diagnoz jest ustalany odrębnie, z zastosowaniem oryginalnego algorytmu eliminacji reguł. Obliczenia dla dwóch benchmarkowych baz danych potwierdzają efektywność proponowanych metod.
EN
A method of diagnostic rule creation is presented in the paper. The rules have fuzzy premises that represent symptoms and a crisp conclusion relevant to the diagnosis. Each rule has an assigned weight that is determined as a value of the basic probability assignment defined in the Dempster-Shafer theory. Having created the rules, there is performed the diagnostic reasoning for a consulted case whose outcomes are values of the Bel belief measure (of the Dempster-Shafer theory) for all diagnostic hypotheses. The hypothesis of the maximal belief is the ultimate conclusion. Membership functions of symptoms and the basic probability assignment are found from the training data. Although the rules are created by means of data, they are understandable for human experts who can interpret and verified them. An individual set of rules is provided for each diagnosis. It results from an original elimination algorithm that is proposed in the paper. The elimination process starts from the complete set of rules and the algorithm indicates rule(s) of the lowest diagnostic significance, which are next deleted. Numerical experiments for two benchmark databases show the properties of the proposed method.
9
Content available Automated approach to classification of mine-like objects using multiple-aspect sonar images
Wang X., Liu X., Japkowicz N., Matwin S.
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
|
2014
|
Vol. 4, No. 2
133--148
EN
In this paper, the detection of mines or other objects on the seabed from multiple side-scan sonar views is considered. Two frameworks are provided for this kind of classification. The first framework is based upon the Dempster–Shafer (DS) concept of fusion from a single-view kernel-based classifier and the second framework is based upon the concepts of multi-instance classifiers. Moreover, we consider the class imbalance problem which is always presents in sonar image recognition. Our experimental results show that both of the presented frameworks can be used in mine-like object classification and the presented methods for multi-instance class imbalanced problem are also effective in such classification.
10
Content available remote Algorytmiczne podejście do problemu wyznaczania lokalizacji brzegowych stacji obserwacyjnych
Neumann T.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
|
2013
|
nr 82
52--61
PL
Transport ładunków i pasażerów drogą morską bez odpowiedniej infrastruktury oraz bez odpowiednich zabezpieczeń i uregulowań prawnych może być działalnością niebezpieczną, nawet przy wykorzystaniu najnowszych technologii. Wydaje się niezbędne budowanie systemów radiolokacyjnego wykrywania jednostek morskich. Zaprezentowany w pracy algorytm przyczynić się może do zwiększenia bezpieczeństwa w transporcie morskim.
XX
Transportation of goods and passengers by sea without adequate infrastructure and without adequate safeguards and regulations can be a hazardous activity, even using the newest technology. It seems to be necessary to build systems of marine radar detection system. The presented algorithm may contribute to increased safety in maritime transport.
11
Content available remote Generalizing Dempster's combination rule to fuzzy sets
Xiao J., Tong M., Song W.
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2013
|
R. 89, nr 1b
45--47
EN
The fuzzy and imprecise information always exist in real systems. Several attempts have been made to generalize the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory to deal with fuzzy sets. In order to combine bodies of evidence that may contain vague information, Dempster's combination rule was extended to fuzzy sets in the evidential reasoning. In this paper, a new definition of the weight between two fuzzy sets is described, and the improved extension combination rule of the evidence theory on fuzzy sets is put forward. Compared with other generalization of Dempster’s combination rules, the results of the numerical experiments show that the new combination rule in this paper can acquire more changing information to the change of fuzzy focal elements more effectively.
PL
W rzeczywistych systemach zwykle występuje informacja rozmyta i nieprecyzyjna. Istnieje szereg prób uogólnienia teorii Dempster’aShafer’a w zastosowaniu do zbiorów rozmytych. W wywodzie dowodowym, w celu dołączenia fragmentu danych, które mogą zawierać informację nieprecyzyjną, rozciągnięto regułę kombinacji Dempster’a na zbiory rozmyte. W opracowaniu opisano nową definicję wagi między dwoma zbiorami rozmytymi oraz przedstawiono udoskonalone rozszerzenie kombinacyjnej reguły badanej teorii na zbiory rozmyte. W porównaniu z innymi uogólnieniami reguł kombinacji Dempster’a, wyniki eksperymentalne pokazują, że nowa, przedstawiona w opracowaniu, reguła kombinacji może bardziej skutecznie uzyskać więcej zmieniających się informacji przy zmianie centralnych elementów zbioru.
12
Content available The basic probability assignment as a measure of diagnostic rules significance
Straszecka E.
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies
|
2013
|
Vol. 22
95--102
EN
Diagnostic rules are usually IF-THEN rules, but they should satisfy specific requirements of a diagnosis. Thus, not always the classical methods of rules determination are applicable. In the present paper it is suggested to find out the set of rules by an elimination of superfluous rules from the maximal rule set or adding rules that improve inference to the minimal set of rules. It is shown that the basic probability assignment determined in the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence can be used as a measure indicating symptoms that are the most significant for a diagnosis and should create rules. A set of IF-THEN rules with fuzzy premises and crisp conclusions can be built in this way. The proposed method is illustrated by determining rules allowing for diagnostic inference for a database of thyroid gland diseases.
13
Content available Uncertainty and imprecision in medical diagnosis support
Straszecka E.
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies
|
2012
|
Vol. 19
11--22
EN
The paper concerns methods of representation of uncertainty and imprecision in successful medical support applications. Advantages of the methods are pointed out and some of their drawbacks are explained. A method of simultaneous representation of imprecision of symptoms and uncertainty of diagnostic rules is proposed. The method suggests an extension of the Dempster-Sahfer theory for fuzzy focal elements. An example of the method is given and their links as well differences from previous approaches are discussed. Conclusions about uncertainty and imprecision representation in medical diagnosis support are provided.
14
Content available remote Zastosowanie teorii Dempstera-Shafera w odbiorze betonu o zaniżonej jakości
Skrzypczak I.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
|
2011
|
z. 58, nr 3/III
343-350
PL
W pracy przedstawiono problematykę łączenia danych przy odbiorze betonu o zaniżonej jakości. Obecnie w kontroli jakości betonu stosuje się statystyczne metody kontroli odbiorczej, które uwzględniają zrównoważenie ryzyka producenta i odbiorcy. Połączenie informacji, uwzględnienie interesów obu stron może być pomocne przy podejmowaniu decyzji w przypadku odbioru betonu o zaniżonej jakości. Aplikacja teorii Dempstera-Shafera w odbiorze betonu umożliwia określenie ryzyka producenta i odbiorcy oraz podjęcie właściwej decyzji przy odbiorze betonu o zaniżonej jakości poprzez zdefiniowanie funkcji przekonania zbudowanej na znajomości ramy rozróżniającej.
EN
Different criteria are used in the conformity control of concrete. In the paper the following aspects of acceptance of concrete are presented: - types of conformity criteria, - fulfillment of major requirements of conformity criteria, - concept of producers and clients risk on the Dempster-Shafer theory. The application of Dempster-Shafer theory in the acceptance of concrete enables identification of the producer's and the client's risks. It also enables taking the right decision, at the acceptance of lower quality concrete, built by belief functions on the basis of the frame of discernment.
15
Zastosowanie syntezy logiki rozmytej i teorii Dempstera-Shafera w systemie transakcyjnym
Kaczmarek K.
Metody Informatyki Stosowanej
|
2011
|
nr 3
77-90
EN
As a result of rapid technological development of IT industry, traders are now equipped with a number of systems supporting their work. The paper presents the developed transaction-based strategy based on the synthesis of fuzzy logic and Dempster-Shafer theory taking into account two different sources of evidence: oscillators and technical analysis indicators determining the strength of the current trend. The developed strategy was implemented in the form of information trading system and optimized using real data from the foreign exchange market (Forex). The system’s efficacy has been proved (tested after optimization stage) using the quotation of prices of the currency pairs EURUSD and GBPUSD (from 01.07.2010 to 30.04.2011). The advantage of the system is that it generates a large number of trading signals, that allows us for an active participation in the market and a very quick closing bad positions. The studies showed that the strategy for the transaction is highly effective (over 70% accurate decisions).
16
Content available The extent of the unconfined aquifer based on the Dempster-Shafer theory on the example of postglacial sandur area
Kachnic M.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
|
2010
|
nr 441 Hydrogeologia z. 10
55--61
EN
The research aimed to present an application of the technique based on the Dempster-Shafer theory for the determination of the shallow unconfined aquifer extent in a nonparametric (probabilistic) scale. The geology of research area is predominantly composed of the Pleistocene postglacial sediments. Only unconfined aquifers were taken into account in the study described in these paper. The resulting image showed a map of the aquifers’ extents in a probabilistic scale i.e. in a range between 0 (the lack of the aquifer, which is confirmed by research) and 1 (confirms the occurrence of the aquifer proved by research). Data analyses were carried out in the Geographic Information System. All the data were imported to the IDRISI. The Dempster-Shafer probability theory supported by the module BELIEF of IDRISI software was applied to the algebra of pixel maps.
17
Content available An Application of Mathematical Theory of Evidence in Navigation
Filipowicz W.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
|
2009
|
Vol. 3, no. 4
423--430
EN
Plenty of various quality data are available to the officer of watch. The data of various qualities comes from different navigational aids. This kind of data creates new challenge regarding information association. The challenge is met by Mathematical Theory of Evidence. The theory delivers methods enabling combination of various sources of data. Results of association have informative context increased. Associated data enable the navigator to refine his position and his status regarding dangerous places. The procedure involves uncertainty, ambiguity and vague evidence. Imprecise and incomplete evidence can be combined using extended Dempster-Shafer reasoning scheme.
18
The stock trading decision support system based on the reoptimalization (repeated optimalization)
Dymowa L., Bartosiewicz P., Tkacz K.
Informatyka Teoretyczna i Stosowana
|
2008
|
R. 8, nr 14
19-35
EN
The synthesis of fuzzy logic and methods of the Dempster-Shafer theory (the so called rule-base evidential reasoning) is proved to be a powerful tool for building expert and decision making systems. Nevertheless, there are two limitations of such approaches that reduce their ability to deal with uncertainties the decision makers often meet in practice. The first limitation is that in the framework of known approaches to the rule-base evidential reasoning, a degree of belief can be assigned only to a particular hypothesis, not to a group of them, whereas an assignment of a belief mass to a group of events is a key principle of the Dempster-Shafer theory. The second limitation is concerned with the observation that in many real-world decision problems we deal with different sources of evidence and the combination of them is needed. The known methods for the rule-base evidential reasoning do not provide a technique for the combination of evidence from different sources. In the current paper, a new approach free of these limitations is proposed. The advantages of this approach are demonstrated using simple numerical examples and the developed stock trading decision support system optimized and tested on the real data from Warsaw Stock Exchange.
PL
Udowodniono, że synteza logiki rozmytej i metod teorii Dempstera-Shafera to potężne narzędzie do budowania systemów ekspereckich i wspomagania decyzji. Jednakże istnieją dwa ograniczenia tego podejścia, które zmniejszają jego możliwość radzenia sobie z niepewnością często spotykaną w praktyce. Pierwszym ograniczeniem jest to, że w znanych rozwiązaniach tego typu stopień pewności może być przypisany tylko pojedynczej hipotezie, a nie grupie hipotez, pomimo ze przyporządkowanie prawdopodobieństwa grupie zdarzeń jest podstawową zasadą teorii Dempstera-Shafera. Drugim ograniczeniem jest obserwacja, że w wielu praktycznych zagadnieniach decyzyjnych mamy do czynienia z różnymi źródłami świadectw i dlatego konieczna jest metoda kombinacji tych świadectw. Znane zastosowania syntezy logiki rozmytej i teorii Dempstera-Shafera nie przedstawiają metody kombinacji świadectw pochodzących z różnych źródeł. W przedstawionym artykule zaproponowano nowe rozwiązanie wolne od tych ograniczeń. Zalety tego podejścia przedstawia opracowany giełdowy system wspomagania decyzji kupna i sprzedaży zoptymalizowany i przetestowany na rzeczywistych danych z War-szawskiej Giełdy Papierów VVartościowych.
19
Informatyka na morzu : zastosowanie fuzji danych w procesie identyfikacji obiektów morskich
Neumann T.
Drogi : lądowe, powietrzne, wodne
|
2008
|
[nr] 10
114--123
PL
Wśród wielu zagadnień, którymi zajmuje się współczesna informatyka, wyróżnić można dział określany Inteligencją Obliczeniową (Computational Inteligence - CI). Dział ten, którego rozkwit obserwujemy w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach, obejmuje bardzo wiele dziedzin. Może być użyteczny także w nawigacji.
20
Content available Fundamentals of the Dempster-Shafer theory and its applications to system safety and reliability modelling
Rakowsky U. K.
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
|
2007
|
Vol. 2
283--295
EN
The Dempster-Shafter Theory is well-known for its usefulness to express uncertain judgments of experts. This contribution shows how to apply the calculus to safety and reliability modelling, especially to expert judgement; Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis; Event Tree Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, and Reliability Centred Maintenance. Including a tutorial introduction to the Dempster-Shafer Theory, the differences between the Probability and the Dempster-Shafer Theory are discussed widely.
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