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HIV-1 and amyloid beta peptide interactions at the blood-brain barrier level

100%

Toborek M. , Andras I.

nr 3

An increase in the older population infected with HIV-1 is an emerging development in HIV-1 epidemiology. Aging is connected with increased deposition of amyloid beta peptide (amyloid beta) in the brain. In the current study, we propose that amyloid beta and HIV-1 can potentiate their toxic effects at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) level. To address this notion, we employed an in vitro model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) directly exposed to HIV-1 or co-cultured with HIV-1 infected human monocytes. Exposure of HBMEC to amyloid beta (1-40) in the presence of HIV-1 resulted in a markedly increased amyloid beta binding/entry into HBMEC. We then hypothesized that HIV-1 may either increase binding/entry of externally added amyloid beta or elevate the amount of endogenously produced amyloid beta. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is known to be involved in the transport of amyloid beta across the BBB into the brain. RAGE immunoreactivity was stronger and RAGE protein levels were elevated in HBMEC exposed to HIV-1 as compared to control. In contrast, exposure to HIV-1 decreased expression of lipoprotein receptor related protein-1 (LRP1) which is the main receptor that transports amyloid beta from the brain to blood. These results indicate that HIV-1 can decrease the ability of the BBB to transport amyloid beta from the brain and thus predispose the brain to increased amyloid beta accumulation. Supported by MH072567, MH63022, and NS39254

Zmiany zawartosci niektorych metali w osoczu i watrobie szczurow poddanych dzialaniu prokainamidu i selenu

80%

Danch A. , Magner-Wrobel K. , Drozdz M. , Toborek M.

1994

tom 27

nr 1

67-71

Prokainamid powoduje wzrost zawartości żelaza, cynku i miedzi w osoczu po 3 mies. jego podawania. Zwiększona zawartość metali wydaje się być związana z mechanizmami obronnymi przeciw wolnym rodnikom indukowanym przez metabolity degradacji prokainamidu. Selen likwidując te wolne rodniki obniża poziom miedzi i żelaza w osoczu.

Experiments were conducted on 40 Wistar female rats treated with procainamide (40 mg/kg body weight/day) and selenium yeast preparation (at a dosing level corresponding to 2 µg Se/kg body weight), for 3 month. Using AAS method, copper, zinc, and iron content was determined in the plasma and liver following the dry mineralization. In animals treated with procainamide, the plasma copper content was found to be by 50% higher than in the controls. On the other hand, approximative results were obtained in the control animals and those treated with procainamide and selenium. Moreover, extremely significant decrease (over 30%) of plasma iron level in animals treated with procainamide and selenium, in comparison with the control, was observed. The increased concentration of plasma zinc and copper content in subjects treated with procainamide seems to be related to the organism defense mechanism against an increased lipids peroxidation as a result of a free radical reactions induced by procainamide metabolites The probability is that in the presence of selenium the main enzyme overcoming blood cells' free radicals becomes selenium-dependent gluthatione peroxidase (EC. 1.11.1.9) perhaps decreasing the action of superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Rola witamin w organizmie

80%

Toborek M.

1999

nr 77

The comparison of pro- and antioxidant processes and activities of lipid metabolism in the rabbits on casein and soybean protein enriched diets

61%

Kopieczna-Grzebieniak E. , Drozdz M. , Piskorska D. , Grabowska-Bochenek R. , Wesolowski W. , Toborek M.

nr 2