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tom 32
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nr 4
341-345
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wskaźniki toksykometryczne dla 2-, 3- і 4-nitrotoluenu uzyskane w badaniach ich toksyczności w strefie dawek śmiertelnych.
EN
Toxicometric indices of nitrotoluen isomers (NT) from studies on their lethal dose toxicity have been reported. Median lethal doses for 2-, 3-, 4-NT do not differ significantly, but they were obtained for different time intervals. The LD50±SLD50 values make it possible to classify the isomers as weakly toxic. The extent of the toxic activity ranges in terms of the value of the probit line coefficient indicates that 3-NT is a relatively most toxic, while the toxicity of 2- and 4-NT is slightly lower.
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nr 1
7-11
PL
Dokonano oceny porównawczej wskaźników kumulacji czynnościowej izomerów mononitrotoluenu. Izomer 3- i 4-NT zaliczono do pierwszej, a 2-NT do drugiej klasy środków kumulujących efekty toksyczne.
EN
Results of the comparative assessment of cumulative effect indices for mononitrotoluene isomers are reported. By means of the Lim method it has been demonstrated that the cumulative median lethal doses for the 2-, 3-, and 4-nitrotoluene (NT) isomers were 186%, 83.7%, and 74.2% of LD50, respectively. From determined cumulative indices (Kk) it has been demonstrated that the 3- and 4-NT isomers may be classified to the first, and 2-NT to the second class of cumulative toxic effect chemicals.
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalnych badań biochemicznych włóknotwórczych właściwości proszkowych środków gaśniczych: Pollenitu F (LB-3) i Totalitu Super 80.
EN
Powdered fire-extinguisher agents Pollenit F (LB-3) and Totalit Super 80 were tested. The agents have not been tested yet for their possible harmful effects. Both contain silica and talc, hence may be suspected of fibrogenic properties. Male Wistar rats were used in the tests. The animals received intratracheally 0.5 ml of aqueous 0.9% NaCl solution containing 50 mg Pollenit F and 10 mg Totalit Super 80. The following indices were evaluated after 1.5, 3 and 6 months: body weight, wet and dry lung weight, and total lung hydroxyproline content. In our experiment the test agents did not significantly affect body or lung weight, but caused a slight increase of hydroxyproline content. Our results point to a slight fibrogenic and negligible biological activity of Pollenit F and Totalit Super 80.
PL
Oznaczono stężenia izomerów nitrotoluenu we krwi szczurów Wistar w zależności od czasu. Przebieg zmian stężeń badanych izomerów NT we krwi opisuje dwukompartmentowy model Wagnera-Nelsona.
EN
Blood concentration changes of 2-, 3- and 4-NT after their oral administration were examined vs. time. The results show that the process of NT isomer absorption, distribution and elimination can be described by the two-compartment open Wagner-Nelson model. The maximum blood 3-NT concentration was observed after 0.75h, whereas 2- and 4-NT reached its maximum after 3.5h and 4h, respectively. The distribution of 2-NT and 4-NT from blood to tissues is slower than that of 3-NT. 3-NT is distributed significantly faster from tissues to blood than 2- and 4-NT. The elimination rate constants show that the excretion of 2- and 4-NT is slower than that of 3-NT.
PL
Podano wielkości medialnych dawek efektywnych uzyskanych w wyniku oznaczania methemoglobiny oraz reduktazy methemoglobinowej, przyjętych za limitujące wskaźniki reakcji ustroju na otrzymane dawki 2-, 3- i 4-nitrotoluenu.
EN
Determination of effective and non-effective doses for nitrotoluene (NT) has been attempted. In evaluating the effects, erythrocyte methaemoglobin level and erythrocyte methaemoglobin reducates activity were used as the limiting indices of the systemic reaction to the applied doses. The same procedure which was employed to determine LD50 ± SLD50 was used to assess the effective doses in terms of ED50 ± SED50. The rank-sum test was also applied to determine the volume of the threshold effective dose (ED). The non-effective dose for the NT isomers was calculated by subtracting a value corresponding to three standard deviations from the dose ED50 (ED50-3SED50).
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań toksyczności ostrej dożołądkowej i dotchawiczej proszkowych środków gaśniczych: Pollenitu F (LB- 3) i Totalitu Super 80.
EN
The aim of our study was to evaluate the acute oral and intratracheal toxicity of Pollenit F (LB-3) and Totalit Super 80 powdered fire-extinguishing agents used by fire-brigades. Acute oral toxicity tests were carried out on male В ALB mice by Gadumm's Probit Analysis, whereas acute intratracheal toxicity was tested on male Wistar rats by Thompson's method. For oral toxicity, Pollenit F was classified into the category of slightly toxic agents, while Totalit Super 80 into the probably relatively nonharmful class. In the intratracheal toxicity test, Pollenit F showed 4 times higher toxicity than in the oral toxicity test - a finding which is essential for the assessment of firemen exposure. LD50 for Totalit Super 80 could not be determined, probably due to different physical characteristics of the agent.
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nr 1
29-33
PL
Dokonano oceny porównawczej toksyczności 1,5 i 2,0% roztworów wodnych sporządzonych z produktu technicznego zawierającego 59,4% fenylofenolanu sodowego.
EN
Functional accumulation coefficients for 1.5% and 2.0% aqueous solutions of commercial sodium phenylphenolate (used for wood impregnation) were determined on male Wistar rats by the Lim method. Hematological and histopathological examinations were also performed. The cumulative median lethal volumes for the 1.5% and 2.0% solutions determined in our experiment were 98.7 cm3/kg/d and 76.0 cm3/kg/d, respectively. The calculated cumulative coefficients (Kk 1.5% 0.55; Kk2.0% 0,75) and degree of accumulation (Sk 1.5% 181%; Sk 2.0% 126%) point to the cumulative properties of the examined solutions. The symptoms of poisoning: changes in body weight increase and foodstuff intake; morphological changes of spleen and upper airways mucosa; shifts in white blood cell composition observed in our experiment support the toxic and cumulative character of the examined solutions.
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tom 35
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nr 4
377-381
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki oceny porównawczej wskaźników kumulacji funkcjonalnej izomerów 2,3-, 2,4- i 2,6-dinitrotoluenu (DNT). Izomer 2,3- oraz 2,4-DNT zaliczono do pierwszej, a 2,6-DNT do drugiej klasy związków kumulujących efekty toksyczne.
EN
This work reports the results of a comparative evaluation of toxicometric indices for the functional accumulation of dinitrotoluene isomers. Using the Lim method, it has been demonstrated that the cumulative median lethal doses (LD50) for 2,3-; 2,4- and 2,6-DNT arę 46.6%, 37.3%, and 125.7%, respectively. Based on accumulation coefficients (Kk) it has been shown that 2,3-DNT and 2 4-DNT can be classified into the first class, whereas 2,6-DNT is classified into the second class'of compounds characterised the ability to accumulate toxic effects.
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tom 35
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nr 3
247-253
PL
W pracy podano wielkości medialnych dawek skutecznych uzyskanych w wyniku oznaczania methemoglobiny, aktywności reduktazy methemoglobinowej i zmian morfologicznych w wątrobie oraz nerkach, przyjętych za limitujące wskaźniki reakcji ustroju na podane dawki 2,3-, 2,4- 2,6-dinitrotoluenów.
EN
Effective and non-effective doses were determined for 2,3-, 2,4-, and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) isomers. Blood methemoglobin concentration, methemoglobin reductase activity in erythrocytes and morphological changes in liver and kidney were used to evaluate toxic effects. The procedure for the determination of the ED50±SED50 was the same as that used to determine LD50±SLD50 values The non-effective doses for the DNT isomers were calculated via decreasing the value of the ED50 dose by twice the standard deviation.
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