Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Carcass and edible viscera characteristics of nutrias fed the diet supplemented with selenium-enriched yeast

100%

Glogowski R. , Czauderna M.

Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego

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2012

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tom 08

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nr 1

EN

Thirteen female nutrias were fed the diet, based on farm produced crops, supplemented with the organic form of selenium (0.06 μg Se/1 g DM of the diet) for 60 days, and another eleven animals received not enriched diet. 8-months-old animals were slaughtered and dressed. Carcass and edible viscera characteristics were determined. The dressing percentage was higher in the experimental group, with the strong effect for carcass yield (P=0.06). The weight of liver was significantly lower in the supplemented animals (P=0.008). Similar tendency regarding the weight of kidneys was recorded (P=0.05). Carcass yield and edible viscera weights were correlated significantly. The dietary addition of selenized yeast influenced the carcass yield and the weights of the liver and kidneys of nutria females from an extensive feeding system.

PL

Trzynaście młodych samic nutrii otrzymywało przez 60 dni pasze gospodarskie z dodatkiem organicznej formy selenu (0,06 μg Se/g suchej masy dawki). Grupa kontrolna, żywiona bez dodatku, liczyła 11 sztuk. W wieku 8 miesięcy dokonano uboju zwierząt, a pozyskane wraz z tuszkami podroby jadalne zważono. Obliczono ważniejsze parametry rzeźne oraz oszacowano wagowy udział podrobów w tuszkach. Samice nutrii otrzymujące dodatek selenizowanych drożdży wykazywały się korzystniejszymi wartościami wskaźników rzeźnych. Wydajność rzeźna była wyższa (P=0,06) w grupie doświadczalnej. Spośród ocenianych podrobów jadalnych największe różnice dotyczyły masy wątroby. U samic otrzymujących dodatek selenu organicznego masa wątroby była wysoko istotnie wyższa niż w grupie kontrolnej (P=0,008), natomiast masa nerek była wyższa w grupie żywionej bez dodatku (P=0,05). Stwierdzono statystycznie istotne korelacje między ocenianymi wskaźnikami rzeźnymi a masą podrobów jadalnych. U młodych samic nutrii, ekstensywnie żywionych paszami gospodarskimi, suplementacja organiczną formą selenu miała wpływ na wydajność rzeźną oraz na udział wątroby i nerek w masie tuszki.

2

Simultaneous determination of purine metabolites in ovine urine and blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

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tom 13

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nr 1

3

Simultaneous determination of purine derivatives in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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1996

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tom 05

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nr 4

433-439

4

Izoflawony – struktura, aktywność biologiczna oraz metody oznaczania przy użyciu wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej

100%

Bachanek I. , Czauderna M.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2014

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tom [Z] 68, 7-8

661--681

EN

Isoflavones are a subclass of flavonoids and are also described as phytoestrogen compounds, since they exhibit estrogenic activity (similar effects to estradiol hormones). The basic characteristics of isoflavone structure is a flavone nucleus, composed of two benzene rings (A and B) linked to a heterocyclic ring C (Fig. 1). The benzene ring B position is the basis for the categorization of a flavanoid class (position 2) and a isoflavonoid class (position 3) [8]. Isoflavones are classified according to substitutions. The glucoside forms can be esterified at the 6’’-O-position of the glucose ring with malonyl or acetyl groups forming another compounds. In food and plants, flavonoids exist primarily as 3-O-glycosides and polymers [14]. Isoflavonoids are a group of chemical compounds which is widely distributed in the vegetable world. Their biological activity has found remarkable pharmaceutical, therapeutic, dietary and nutritional applications. The structure of phytoestrogens enables them to bind to the estrogen receptors (ERs), they are similar to 17β-estradiol, contain an aromatic ring with hydroxyl group and have the binding affinity to both estrogen. In addition, isoflavones interact with the metabolism of steroid hormones. Recently, they have come into focus of interest due to several reports about their positive effect on human health, in particular prevention of hormone-dependent cancers, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, adverse menopausal manifestations and age-related cognitive decline. To identify the potential health benefits associated with the consumption of isoflavones, it is of critical importance to have high-quality and comprehensive data. To this end, adequate analytical methodologies are essential for a reliable and exact identification as well as for quantification. Moreover, methodologies and techniques used need to keep up with technology to improve the performance in terms of resolution, efficiency, precision, reproducibility and speed, allowing a proportionate increase in the amount and quality of information gathered [7]. Common methods for the extraction of isoflavones from soybeans and soy products include organic solvent extraction with aqueous methanol, ethanol or acetonitrile, using simple mixing, ultra-sonification or refluxing techniques [24]. The application of micro-scale and nano-scale extraction and separation techniques is the most likely future development, resulting in quick, sensitive analytical methods for sample preparation and analysis of flavonoids and their metabolites. Miniaturization, high-throughput systems utilizing new sorbents and automation of chromatographic systems are of great interest in clinical, pharmaceutical, environmental and food fields. The most used analysis technique for the quantification of isoflavones in solid samples is, with no doubt, reversed-phase HPLC using C18 based columns with water and methanol or acetonitrile containing small amounts of acid as a mobile phase [7].

5

Wzbogacanie produktów zwierzęcych w CLA, wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe z rodziny n-3 oraz związki selenu

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

Postępy Nauk Rolniczych

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2009

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tom 61

|

nr 5-6

6

The necessity of adequate nutrition with diets containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for proper brain development, function and delayed aging: Review

100%

Kochman K. , Czauderna M.

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2010

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tom 19

|

nr 4

7

Badanie biodystrybucji selenu i rteci u myszy metoda instrumentalnej neutronowej analizy aktywacyjnej

100%

Niesiobedzka K. , Czauderna M.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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1996

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tom 47

|

nr 2

167-174

PL

Oznaczono zawartość selenu oraz rtęci w wątrobie, nerkach i krwi myszy metodą instrumentalnej neutronowej analizy aktywacyjnej. Uzyskane wyniki świadczą, iż po jednoczesnym podaniu związku selenowego i chlorku rtęciowego następuje znaczny wzrost poziomu Se i Hg w wątrobie i krwi myszy w porównaniu z grupami kontrolnym.

EN

An attempt was made to compare the Se and Hg abundance's in liver, kidneys and blood after simultaneous intraperitoneal injections of inorganic mercury (as HgCl2) and SeO2 or organic Se-compound (i.e. seleno-cystine, seleno-methionine or selenodiglutathione). Instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied as the analytical method due to the advantages of both its sensitivity and chemically non-destructive procedure. No neurological or other lesion symptoms of Hg and Se intoxication were found. Especially high concentrations of Hg and Se in liver and blood were found after simultaneous i.p. injections of HgCl2 and Se-compounds. Moreover, significantly high abundance's of Se and Hg in liver and blood were found after simultaneous injections of seleno-methionine and HgCl2. On the other hand, only for kidneys the Hg content after the single injections of HgCl2 was considerably higher in comparison with the simultaneous injections of Hg and Se. We suggest that Se-compounds protects against renal lesions by decreasing the concentration of Hg in kidneys. Hg2+ ions are bounded by selenohydryl groups of the metabolites of injected Se-compounds. Moreover, the binding yield of Hg2+ ions with the metabolites of Se-compounds depends upon the chemical form of injected Se-compounds.

8

Determination of allantoin in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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1995

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tom 04

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nr 4

351-358

9

Determination of free amino acids in blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

|

1998

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tom 07

|

nr 4

453-463

10

HPLC separation of some unsaturated and saturated fatty acids

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

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tom Vol. 47, No. 6

867-882

EN

HPLC procedure for the determination of saturated fatty acids (from C(8) to C(22)) and some unsaturated fatty acids containing eighteen carbon atoms is described. Milk and intestinal digesta samples were hydrolyzed with 2 mol L(-1) NaOH. The hydrolysates were acidified to pH ~ 2 and free fatty acids were extracted with dichloromethane. Fatty acids were then assayed after derivatizaon with 2,4'-dibromoacetophenone in the presence of triethyla-mine. The separation of derivatized fatty acids was achieved using two C(18) columns and UV detection at 256 nm. Derivatized conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) in the effluent were monitored using UV detection at 235 and 256 nm (method I). Gradient elution with UV detection at 234.5 nm (method II) allowed the determination of CLA without derivatization. The low detection limits (from 2.3 x 10(-4) to 5.1 pg) for assayed fatty acids, good ,,purity" of fatty acid peaks (-100%) and very simple procedure for preparation of free fatty acid extracts point to the satisfactory sensitivity and reliability of the presented methods.

PL

Opisano metodykę HPLC, umożliwiającą oznaczanie nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (od C(8) do C(22)) oraz niektórych nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych zawierających osiemnaście atomów węgla. Próbki mleka i treści jelitowej poddano hydrolizie w 2 mol L(-1) NaOH. Po doprowadzeniu pH hydrolizatu do wartości ~ 2, wolne kwasy tłuszczowe (KT) ekstrahowano dichlorometanem. KT oznaczano po derywatyzacji 2,4'-dibromoacetofenonem w obecności trietyloaminy. Pochodne KT rozdzielano na dwóch kolumnach C(18) stosując detekcję UV przy 256 nm. Pochodne izomerów sprzężonego kwasu linolowego (SKL) w eluacie monitorowano wykorzystując detekcję UV przy 256 i 235 nm (metoda I). Do bezpośredniego oznaczania izomerów SKL użyto gradientowy program elucji i detekcję UV przy 234,5 nm (metoda II). Niskie wartości granicy wykrywalności (od 2,3 x 10(-4) do 5, l pg) oznaczanych KT, dobra „czystość" pików KT (~100%) i prostota procedury otrzymywania ekstraktu wolnych KT sprawiają, że metody I i II gwatantują zadawalającą czułość i niezawodność.

11

Nowe metody oznaczania wskaznikow okreslajacych rozmiar syntezy bialka bakteryjnego w zwaczu

100%

Kowalczyk J. , Czauderna M.

Działalność Naukowa PAN. Wybrane Zagadnienia

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1998

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tom 06

121-124

12

Easy and accurate determination of urea in milk, blood plasma, urine and selected diets of mammals by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection preceded by pre-column derivatization

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

Chemia Analityczna

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2009

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tom Vol. 54, No. 5

919-937

EN

An HPLC method with photodiode array detection for simple and rapid determination of urea in physiological fluids of domestic animals has been described. A physiological fluid (blood plasma, urine, or milk) was treated with 20% trichloroacetic acid and then the mixture was centrifuged. 200 &muL of the supernatant were derivatized using 50 uL of p-dime-thylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) dissolved in HC1 (1.3 g DMAB in 10 mL of 20% HC1). ' The derivatized samples were ready for HPLC analysis. Derivatized urea in standards and biological samples was analyzed using a Nova-Pak C18 column (4 &mum, 300 * 3.9 mm, Waters, USA). A ternary gradient elution program and UV detection at 255 and 414 nm were applied for urea analyses. Clear separation of urea from endogenous species present in biological materials was achieved in less than 20 min. Elution of derivatized urea was confirmed by an unsymmetrical chromatographic peak at 9.67 š0.11 min, which was a combination of two poorly resolved urea peaks eluted at 8.54 š 0.07 and 9.84 š 0.08 min. ; -' Average recoveries of urea standards added to the assayed biological materials were satisfactory, especially when detection at 414 nm (101.2%) was applied. Precision of the method with detection at 255 nm was inferior (CV 2.65%) to that performed at 414 nm (CV 1.98%). The proposed method with UV monitoring at 255 and 414 nm offers low detection limits (5.62 and 43 ng, respectively) and quantification limits (18.7 and 142 ng, respectively). It provides satisfactory accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of determination of urea. Liquid chromatography with UV monitoring at 255 nm revealed that the presence of endogenous substances in the assayed biological materials affect accurate and precise integration of the

PL

Opisano metodę HPLC pozwalającą na proste i szybkie oznaczanie mocznika w płynach fizjologicznych pozyskiwanych od zwierząt gospodarskich. W metodzie tej do detekcji wykorzystano detektor z matrycą diodową. Do płynów fizjologicznych (osocze krwi, mocz i mleko) dodawano 20%kwas trichlorooctowy; następnie uzyskanąmieszaninę wirowano. Do 200 μL supernatantu dodawano 50 &muL p-dimetyloaminobenzaldehydu (DMAB) w HC1 (l .3 g DMAB w l0 mL 20%HC1). Pochodna mocznika w badanych próbkach była gotowa do analizy. Pochodną mocznika analizowano przy użyciu kolumny Nova Pak Cl18 (4 μm, 300 x 3.9 mm, Waters). Zastosowano elucję gradientową! wykrywanie przy długości fali 255 i 414 nm. Zadowalające rozdzielenie mocznika od endogennych składników próbek uzyskano w czasie krótszym niż 20 min. Pochodna mocznika, jako niesymetryczny pik, pojawiła się w 9,67 š0,11 min; pik ten był kombinacją dwóch pików pojawiających się w 8,54 š 0,07 oraz 9,84 š 0,08 min. Średni odzysk wzorców mocznika dodanych do badanych próbek był zadowalający (101,2%), szczególnie przy detekcji UV przy długości fali 414 nm. Precyzja oznaczania mocznika przy długości fali 255 nm jest gorsza (CV = 2,65%) od precyzji oznaczania przy długości fali 414 nm (CV = 1,98%). Przy długości fali 255 i 414 nm otrzymano wykrywalność i oznaczalność wynoszące odpowiednio 5.62 oraz 43 ng oraz 18,7 i 142 ng. Opracowana metoda pozwala na oznaczenie mocznika z zadowalającą dokładnością, precyzjąoraz czułością. Chromatografia cieczowa z detekcjąprzy długości fali 255 nm ujawnia obecność endogennych substancji, które utrudniaj ą dokładne i precyzyjne oznaczanie mocznika w badanych próbkach biologicznych. Opracowana metoda z detekcją przy długości fali 414 nm analitycznąpozwalającąna proste i szybkie oznaczanie mocznika w płynach fizjologicznych oraz wybranych paszach.

13

Lactic acid can be easily and precisely determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

|

nr 2

14

A HPLC method with UV detection for analysing of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid in rumen bacteria and intestinal digesta

100%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

|

2002

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

15

Wykorzystanie ekstruderatu lubinowo-jeczmiennego w tuczu jagniat merynosa polskiego

80%

Pajak J. J. , Zebrowska T. , Dlugolecka Z. , Czauderna M.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

|

1998

|

tom 462

439-444

PL

Tryczki o masie ciała ok. 18 kg żywiono dawką zawierającą 14% białka ogólnego (BO w suchej masie), z którego ok. 25% stanowiło białko poekstrakcyjnej śruty rzepakowej - grupa „R” nasion łubinu żółtego - grupa „Ł” lub ekstruderatu łubinowo-jęczmiennego - grupa „E”. Proces ekstruzji nasion łubinu żółtego wpłynął na zmniejszenie tempa degradacji białka w żwaczu. Jagnięta grupy „E” przyrastały lepiej niż jagnięta grupy ,,E’ (234 vs 186 g, P<0,05). Przyrosty jagniąt grupy „R” (199 g) nie różniły się istotnie od pozostałych (SEM=13,8). Wykorzystanie paszy wynosiło od 4,2 do 5,0 kg suchej masy i od 555 do 729 g BO/kg przyrostu w grupach „E” i ,,E’, odpowiednio (P>0,05). Strawność składników pokarmowych, bilans N (5,1 - 7,0 g/dobę, SEM=0,81) i zawartość allantoiny w moczu (5,2 - 6,4 mmoli/dobę, SEM=0,54) nie różniły się istotnie między grupami.

EN

Young rams of body weights about 18 kg were fed a ration containing 14% crude protein (CP in DM), of which about 25% was rapeseed oilmeal protein (Group „R”), yellow lupine seeds (Group „Ł”), or lupine-barley extrudate protein (Group „E”). Extrusion of yellow lupine led to a decrease in rate of protein degradation in the rumen, Group „E” lambs showed better daily weight gains than Group ,,E’ lambs (234 vs. 186 g, P<0.05). The gains of Group „R” lambs (199 g) did not differ significantly from the others (SEM=13.8). Feed conversion ratio ranged from 4.2 to 5.0 kg DM and from 555 to 729 g CP/kg weight gain in Groups „E” and „Ł”, respectively (P>0.05). Nutrient digestibility, N balance (5.1 - 7.0 g/day, SEM=0.81) and urine allantoin content (5.2 - 6.4 mmole/day, SEM=0.54) did not differ significantly among the groups.

16

Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the faty acid content and CLA profile of egg yolks in laying hens

80%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J. , Pisulewski P. M. , Korniluk K.

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tom 14

|

nr 1

17

Selenium species in diet containing carnosic acid, fish and rapeseed oils affect fatty acid profiles in lamb muscles

80%

Rozbicka-Wieczorek A. J. , Czauderna M. , Wiesyk E. , Radzik-Rant A.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

|

2016

|

tom 25

|

nr 3

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of highly selenized yeast (SeY) or selenate (SeVI) on fatty acids (FA) profiles in musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) and musculus biceps femoris (MBF) of male lambs. Lambs, divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each, were individually penned and fed for 35 days control diet containing 2% rapeseed oil (RO), 1% fish oil (FO) and 0.1% carnosic acid (CA) or experimental diets with additional 0.35 mg Se as SeY (the organic Se-form) or SeVI (the inorganic Se-form) per kg of the control diet. In lambs fed SeVI diet body weight gain after 21 and 35 days of feeding was increased; whereas in lambs fed SeY diet increased concentrations of C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and the sums of atherogenic saturated fatty acids (SFA), thrombogenics SFA and all FA in MLD and MBF were noted. The content of t11C18:1 in MLD and MBF and was higher in lambs fed SeY and SeVI diets but the concentration of sum of long-chain polyunsaturated FA in MLD was decreased in comparison to the control group. The sum of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (ΣCLA) content in MLD was higher in SeY group in comparison to the control group. In both examined groups ΣCLA content in MBF was higher in comparison to the control group. In conclusion, the addition of inorganic or organic Se-chemical form into lambs’ feed based on RO, FO and CA differently modifies body weight gains as well as FA profile in examined muscles.

18

Incorporation of endogenous urea nitrogen into the amino acids of bacterial protein in the rumen of goats fed diets with various protein levels

80%

Michalski J. P. , Kowalczyk J. , Czauderna M. , Litwin W.

|

2013

|

tom 22

|

nr 4

EN

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different levels of protein in a diet on the incorporation of endogenous urea nitrogen (EUN) into individual amino acids (AA) of the ruminal bacteria of goats fed a low- (LP), medium- (MP), or high-protein diet (HP) in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Three Alpine goats of about 35 kg body weight fitted with cannula into the rumen and catheter into the jugular vein were fed three isoenergetic diets containing 11% (LP), 13% (MP), or 16% (HP) crude protein in dry matter. The goats were infused for 6 days continuously with an 15N urea solution into the jugular vein. Ruminal bacteria were hydrolysed with 6M HCl. Next, butyl derivatives of free bacterial AA were obtained using HCl in butanol, then N-acylated using trifluoroacetic acid anhydride and analysed by gas chromatography using a mass-selective detector. The concentration of urea in plasma was 178, 356 and 667 mg · l–1 in goats from groups LP, MP and HP, respectively. 15N-excess during the infusion of labelled urea was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the vast majority of AA of ruminal bacteria from goats fed the LP diet in comparison with goats fed the HP diet. Therefore, the level of protein in the diets affects the incorporation of EUN into bacterial AA. With the LP diet, EUN was incorporated mostly into glutamic acid, isoleucine and arginine, while in the case of the HP diet, into glutamic acid and arginine, as well as methionine. Regardless of the level of nitrogen in the diets, the incorporation of 15N into proline was very low. Irrespective of the dietary nitrogen level, EUN appears to be predominantly used for synthesis of glutamic acid in ruminal bacteria.

19

Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers as new bioactive lipid compounds in ruminant-derived food products. A review

80%

Bialek M. , Czauderna M. , Bialek A.

|

2017

|

tom 26

|

nr 1

EN

Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers refer to a group of positional and geometric isomers of the omega-3 essential fatty acid – α-linolenic acid (cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 C18:3; ALA). CLnA isomers can be either cis- and/or trans- and their double bonds are separated by a single bond. Food products from ruminants and some plant products (e.g., pomegranate or bitter melon seeds) are the major sources of CLnA isomers for humans. CLnA isomers in ruminants arise as a result of bacterial isomerization of ALA in the rumen. The concentration of CLnA isomers in seed oils is higher than in milk and edible parts of ruminant carcass. The CLnA isomers from the plant sources are in the form of conjugated trienes, whereas those in ruminant products are of conjugated diene type. Some plant seed oils are the richest natural sources of CLnA isomers. So searching for methods of increasing the CLnA isomer content in food of animal origin not exhibiting negative effects on animal welfare and physiology is very important for researchers. A presence of long-chain and very long-chain conjugated unsaturated fatty acids was also confirmed in some ruminant tissues. Clinical studies documented that health-promoting properties have been attributed to CLnA isomers. It was also evidenced that animal diet may influence the CLnA synthesis. The proper identification of geometric and positional isomers of conjugated unsaturated fatty acids in biological samples is a great analytical challenge. Therefore, silver-ion high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode detection and capillary gas chromatography (GC) offer the best analysis of these isomers with complementary identification by GC-mass spectrometry

20

Dietary linseed oil and selenate affect the concentration of fatty acids and selenium in the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys of lambs

80%

Krajewska K. A. , Rozbicka-Wieczorek A. J. , Kowalczyk J. , Czauderna M.

|

nr 2