Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Properties of Bacteroides fragilis antigens with specifity B

100%

Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meisel-Mikolajczyk F.

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tom 34

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nr 1

2

Wrazliwosc klinicznych szczepow bakterii Gram-dodatnich na wybrane antybiotyki beta-laktamowe

100%

Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Rokosz A.

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tom 50

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nr 1-2

69-76

PL

W ciągu 4 miesięcy badań wyhodowano 111 szczepów bakterii Gram-dodat- nich od pacjentów z oddziału chirurgii ogólnej. Wśród wyizolowanych drob¬noustrojów dominowały gronkowce (49 szczepów) i enterokoki (44 szczepy). Wykryto 33 szczepy metycylinoopornych gronkowców. Penicyliny z inhibi¬torami ß-laktamaz oraz karbapenemy wykazały wysoką aktywność in vitro wobec klinicznych szczepów bakterii Gram-dodatnich z wyjątkiem E. fae- cium.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the activity of four ß-lactam antibiotics against nosocomial strains of Gram-positive bacteria. Two antibiotics combined with ß-lactamase inhibitors: timentin (TIC/CLAV) and tazocin (PIP/TZB) and two carbapenems: imipenem and meropenem were applied. The clinical strains were isolated from patients hospitalized in surgical ward of the National Clinical Hospital No 1 in Warsaw. The strains were identified in the automatic ATB system using ID 32 STAPH, API STREP, API CORYNE and API 20 A strips. The susceptibility of isolates to antibacterial agents was determined in the automatic ATB system using ATB STAPH, ATB STREP and ATB ANA strips. The susceptibility of strains to timentin, tazocin, imipenem and meropenem was tested with disc diffusion method. 111 strains of Gram-positive bacteria were cultured. Staphylococci (49) and enterococci (44) dominated among isolated strains. 33 Staphylococcus spp. strains were identified as methicillin-resistant. The obtained results indicate a significant role of Gram-positive cocci (staphylococci and enterococci) in the aetiology of nosocomial infections. Antibiotics combined with ß-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems demonstrate broad antibacterial spectrum against clinical strains of Gram-positive bacteria except E. faecium strains.

3

Identyfikacja i lekowrazliwosc bezwzglednie beztlenowych bakterii wyizolowanych od hospitalizowanych pacjentow

80%

Kot K. , Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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2002

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tom 54

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nr 3

233-241

PL

Od pacjentów hospitalizowanych w 2001 roku wyhodowano 225 szczepów bezwzględnych beztlenowców, w tym 54 szczepy bakterii Gram-ujemnych i 171 szczepów bakterii Gram-dodatnich. Wśród Gram-ujemnych bakterii dominowały szczepy Bacteroides fragilis, a wśród Gram-dodatnich szczepy Peptostreptococcus sp. Stwierdzono, że lekami najbardziej aktywnymi wobec klinicznych szczepów Gram-ujemnych bakterii beztlenowych były: metronidazol, piperacylina z tazobaktamem, tikarcylina z kwasem klawulanowym i imipenem, a wobec szczepów Gram-dodatnich bakterii beztlenowych: piperacylina z tazobaktamem, amoksycyiina z kwasem klawulanowym, tikarcylina z kwasem klawulanowym i imipenem.

EN

The aim of this study was to identify anaerobic strains isolated in 2001 from clinical specimens obtained from patients of Warsaw hospital and to evaluate a susceptibility of these strains to antimicrobial agents. In 2001 two hundred and twenty five clinical strains of obligate anaerobes were cultured, which were identified in the automatic ATB system (bioMérieux, France) using biochemical tests API 20 A. Drug-susceptibility of strains was determined also in ATB system with the use of ATB ANA strips. C. difficile strains were isolated on selective CCCA medium. Toxins A/B of C. difficile directly in stool specimens were detected by means of ELISA test (TechLab, USA). Fifty four strains of Gram-negative anaerobes (B. fragilis strains dominated) and 171 of Gram-positive anaerobes (the greatest number of strains belonged to genus Peptostrptococcus) were cultured from clinical specimens. In the cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhea 28 C. difficile strains were isolated and C. difficile toxins A/B were detected in 39 stool samples. The most active in vitro antimicrobials against Gram-negative anaerobes were metronidazole, imipenem, ticarcillin combined with clavulanic acid and piperacillin with tazobactam. Gram-positive, clinical strains of anaerobes were the most susceptible in vitro to ß-lactam antibiotics combined with ß-lactamase inhibitors (amoxicillin/clavulanate, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanate) and imipenem.

4

Lekowrazliwosc szpitalnych szczepow gronkowcow metycylinoopornych

80%

Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Rokosz A. , Meisel-Mikolajczyk F.

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tom 50

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nr 1-2

1-7

PL

Z 300 próbek materiału klinicznego wyhodowano 108 szczepów gronkowców, spośród których 56 zidentyfikowano jako metycylinooporne (52%). Wśród gronkowców metycylinoopornych było 13 szczepów MRSA, 28 MRSE i 15 pozostałych gatunków. Większość szczepów MRS była izolowana od pacjentów z oddziału chirurgii ogólnej. Największą aktywność przeciwbakteryjną wobec szczepów MRSA wykazały antybiotyki glikopeptydowe, a wobec MRCNS wankomycyna.

EN

The aim of the present study was the analysis of drug susceptibility of MRSA and MRCNS strains isolated from patients hospitalized in 14 wards of the State Clinical Hospital No 1 in Warsaw. The strains were identified (ID 32 STAPH), and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (ATB STAPH) was determined in ATB system (bioMérieux, France). Four methods were applied to confirm the resistance to methicillin: ATB-plus system, disc-diffusion method (Oxa 1µg, Oxoid, U.K.), Crystal MRSA ID (Becton Dickinson-BBL, USA) and agar screen test in TSA medium (Difco, USA) with methicillin (25 mg/l, Sigma, USA). 108 Staphylococcus spp. strains were found in 300 clinical specimens. 56 strains were methicillin-resistant (52%). Among methicillin-resistant strains 13 MRSA, 28 MRSE and 15 of other species were found. All MRSA strains were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin and fusidic acid. MRCNS were susceptible first of all to vancomycin (43/43), minocycline (42/43) and pristinamycin (42/43). On the basis of the obtained results it can be stated that methicillin-resistant staphylococci occur in hospital wards. The greatest number of methicillin-resistant strains was cultured from patients hospitalized in surgery wards (32). methicillin-resistant strains much more frequently occur among coagulase-negative staphylococci, especially in Staphylococcus epidermis. Glycopeptide antibiotics are most active against isolated MRSA strains. The most active therapeutic agent against MRCNS is vancomycin.

5

Porownanie kilku metod oznaczania opornosci na metycyline klinicznych szczepow Staphylococcus sp.

80%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meisel-Mikolajczyk F.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

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1997

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tom 49

|

nr 1-2

19-25

EN

108 Staphylococcus spp. strains from 300 clinical specimens from hospitalized patients were isolated. Identification and drug resistance were determined using automated ATB system. 37 S. aureus strains, 44 S. epidermides strains and 27 strains of other coagulase-negative staphylococci were cultured. Sensitivity to methicillin of S. aureus was determined with four methods: ATB system, disc-diffusion (Oxan 1 up.), Crystal MRSA ID System and agar screen test in TSA medium with methicillin (25 (ug/ml). 13 S. aureus strains (about 1/3 of strains) were methicillinn-resistant (MRSA). Complete conformity of the results was obtained with Crystal MRSA ID, disc-diffusion and agar screen test. In the case of three .S. aureus strains the results of determination in ATB system were not consistent with the results obtained with the use of the methods mentioned above. Susceptibility to methicillin of 71 coagulase-negative strains (CNS) was determined using two methods at first: ATB and disc-diffusion. In the case of 25 methicillin-resislant strains identical results were obtained. For 20 coagulase-negative strains non-conformity with the results of these two methods was observed. As the decisive method, the agar screen test (TSA-MET) was applied. 18 of these 20 CNS strains were categorized as methicillin-resistant. Finally, 43 MRCNS (i.e. 60%) were detected among 71 coagulase-negative strains. The results of methicillin resistance determination of staphylococci in an automated system should be confirmed with a second test such as agar screen, disc-diffusion or Crystal MRSA ID System (in the case of S. aureus).

6

Etest MBL do wykrywania metalo-beta-laktamaz (MBL) u klinicznych szczepów z rodzaju Pseudomonas

80%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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nr 1

7

Translocation of the chloramphenicol-resistance determinant in Staphylocuccus aureus

80%

Mlynarczyk A. , Mlynarczyk G. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Osowiecki H.

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nr 1-2

8

Paleczki Gram-ujemne wytwarzajace metalo-beta-laktamazy izolowane od pacjentow szpitalnych i pozaszpitalnych, wykryte przy zastosowaniu metody Etest MBL

80%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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nr 1

73-81

PL

W latach 2001-2005 z próbek materiału klinicznego pobranych od pacjentów szpitalnych i ambulatoryjnych wyizolowano 104 szczepy Gram-ujemnych pałeczek opornych na karbapenemy (imipenem i meropenem). Zastosowano fenotypową metodę Etest® MBL do wykrywania szczepów wytwarzających metalo-beta-laktamazy (MBL). Wśród badanych izolatów było 36 MBL-do- datnich stanowiących 34,6% ogółu szczepów opornych na antybiotyki kar- bapenemowe.

EN

The aim of presented study was to detect MBL-positive strains in a group of clinical carbapenem- resistant strains isolated from inpatients and outpatients during last four years. From the beginning of November 2001 to the end of October 2005, one hundred and four strains resistant to carbapenem antibiotics - imipenem and meropenem were cultured from clinical samples obtained from patients of the Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital Centre for Trauma Treatment in Warsaw and from patients of outpatient clinics. Strains were identified and their susceptibility to antibacterial agents was determined in the automatic ATB Expression system (bioMérieux®). Resistance to imipenem and meropenem was confirmed with a disc diffusion method. Production of metallo-beta-lactama- ses (MBL) was examined with the use of Etest® MBL (AB Biodisk, Sweden), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) by means of following procedures: DDST and / or DD (four variants) (Oxoid Ltd., England). MBL-positive strains (36) were cultured in cases of infections in adult patients (35 strains) and in a child (1 strain). Majority of strains belonged to the species P. aeruginosa (27), several strains - to the species P. putida (6) and remaining strains - to P. stutzeri, A. xylosoxidans, and E. cloacae ( 1 strain of each species). Four strains were producers of MBL-type and ESBL-type beta-lactamases. According to our knowledge and accessible literature described strains (except one paediatric strain) are the first MBL-positive strains isolated from adult hospitalized patients and adult ambulatory patients in Poland. Additionally, MBL-positive E. cloacae strain is probably the first MBL producer isolated in Poland, which belongs to the group of enteric rods. MBL-producing strains of Gram-negative rods, detected by phenotypic Etest® MBL method, will be verified with genetic procedures.

9

Wytwarzanie stafylokinazy i hemolizyn przez gronkowce koagulazo-ujemne

80%

Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Szymanowska A. , Mlynarczyk A. , Mlynarczyk G.

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tom 45

|

nr 1

7-10

10

Szczepy z rodzaju Salmonella wyizolowane z przypadkow zakazen pozajelitowych

80%

Lazinska B. , Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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2005

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tom 57

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nr 3

287-294

PL

W latach 2002-2004 z próbek materiału klinicznego wyizolowano 13 szczepów z rodzaju Salmonella, w tym 11 szczepów S. Enteritidis i 2 szczepy S. Hadar. Wszystkie wyhodowania dotyczyły zakażeń pozajelitowych. Wyhodowane szczepy z jednym wyjątkiem były w pełni wrażliwe na antybiotyki i chemioterapeutyki. Nie wyhodowano szczepów ESBL – dodatnich.

EN

Every year in Poland from tens to more than hundred bacteriologically verified extraintestinal infections caused by Salmonella species have been registered. These unusually located infections have substantially heavy course and in many cases hospitalisation and antibiotic therapy have to be involved. Cases of extraintestinal infections with these Gram-negative rods, which were described in the literature, concerned: pneumonias, lung abscesses and thoracic empyemas, and infections of: blood, bones and joints, wounds, fistulas and urinary tract. The aim of this study was to set extraintestinal Salmonella infections and to analyze a susceptibility of isolated strains to antimicrobial agents. Between 01.07.2002 and 31.12.2004 (30 months) 13 strains of Salmonella genus have been isolated, including 11 S. enteritidis and 2 S. Hadar. In general, with one exception, isolated strains were susceptible to tested antibiotics/chemotherapeutics. ESBL - positive strains were not detected. The tendency of Salmonella strains to cause extraintestinal infections has been noticed. The problem is still escalating, especially in group of patients chronically treated, with immunodeficiency and immunosuppression, after complicated medical procedures, also in the group of small children and aged persons. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate a susceptibility to antibiotics/chemotherapeutics of every strain from confirmed case of Salmonella extraintestinal infection and it is important to apply a guided therapy.

11

Bakteriofagi grupy serologicznej a konwertujace synteze stafylokinazy i toksyny beta u S. aureus

80%

Mlynarczyk A. , Mlynarczyk G. , Zabicka D. , Sawicka-Grzelak A.

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tom 45

|

nr 1

15-18

12

Zastosowanie nowej metody do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym [ESBLs]

80%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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2002

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tom 54

|

nr 3

225-231

PL

Z próbek materiału klinicznego wyosobniono 260 szczepów Gram-ujemnych pałeczek, które zidentyfikowano jako ESBL-dodatnie metodą dwóch krążków (DDST). Wszystkie szczepy oznaczono za pomocą nowej metody (DD) służącej do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym z użyciem krążka z cefpodoksymem oraz krążka diagnostycznego z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (CD 01). Zgodność wyników oznaczeń dla obu metod dotyczyła 60,4% badanych szczepów.

EN

The aim of performed examinations was to compare results of two methods applied for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Two hundred and sixty strains of Gram-negative rods were cultured from clinical specimens obtained from hospitalized patients. These strains were identified as ESBL-positive on the basis of double-disc method (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) results. Identification of strains performed in automatic ATB Expression system (bioMerieux, France). All strains were determined using a novel test for detection of ESBL-type enzymes (DD) according to Appleton (1999). Two discs are applied in this test: with cefpodoxime (CPD) and with cefpodoxime/clavulanate (CD 01, diagnostic disc). Consistent results of two methods (DDST and DD) were obtained in the case of 166 from among 260 of examined strains (60.4%). Consistent results concerned 161 out of 222 examined strains of enteric rods (72.5%) and only 5 from among 38 of other strains (mostly belonging to the group of non-fermenting rods). On the basis of performed investigations it can he stated that the novel method of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) detection (DD) according to Appleton (1999) is more objective and easier for interpretation than the double-disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (DDST), which is widely applied in the routine microbiological diagnostics.

13

Lekowrazliwosc 100 klinicznych szczepow Enterococcus spp.

80%

Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Rokosz A. , Luczak M.

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tom 51

|

nr 3-4

239-247

14

Porownanie wynikow krazkowo-dyfuzyjnych metod stosowanych do wykrywania ESBL-dodatnich szczepow paleczek Gram-ujemnych

80%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 1

49-55

PL

Przedmiot badań stanowiło 120 klinicznych szczepów ESBL-dodatnich pałeczek Gram-ujemnych. Aktywność ESBL u tych szczepów wykryto przy zastosowaniu dwóch metod: DDST (metoda dwóch krążków) i DD (metoda krążka diagnostycznego). W teście DD użyto krążków z cefpodoksymem oraz z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (pierwszy wariant - CPD/CD 01). Następnie szczepy sprawdzono pod kątem wytwarzania ESBL stosiyąc kolejne dwa warianty metody krążka diagnostycznego: drugi (CAZ/CD 02) i trzeci (CTX/CD 03). W przypadku kilku szczepów zaobserwowano niezgodności wyników oznaczeń wykonanych za pomocą różnych metod krążkowo-dyfuzyjnych.

EN

Examinations were undertaken to compare the results of disc diffusion tests applied for detection of strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). A total of 120 clinical strains were used in experiments. These strains were determined as ESBL-positive on the basis of consistent results of two methods: the double disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) and the diagnostic disc test (DD, version CPD/CD 01) according to Appleton (1999). In the next step examined strains were analysed in two further tests, which are variants of DD method: CAZ/CD 02 test with discs containing ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, and CTX/CD 03 test with the use of cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs. ESBL-positive strains first of all belonged to the species E. coli and K. pneumoniae. In the case of seven analysed strains consistent results of determinations were not obtained with the use of different disc diffusion methods. Application of several disc diffusion methods to determine ESBL-positive strains of Gram-negative rods increases the probability of their proper identification.

15

Analiza oporności szczepów izolowanych z układu moczowego

80%

Leszczynski P. , Sokol-Leszczynska B. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Mlynarczyk G.

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nr 1

16

Zastosowanie metody Etest do oznaczania lekowrazliwych bakterii beztlenowych

71%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Kot K. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 2

167-175

PL

Oznaczono lekowrażliwość 100 szczepów bakterii beztlenowych metodą E- test. Zastosowano paski Etest zawierające klindamycynę, metronidazol, piperacylinę, piperacylinę z tazobaktamem oraz imipenem. Określono wartości MIC każdego leku dla wszystkich szczepów. Wykryto po 10 szczepów opornych na klindamycynę, piperacylinę i imipenem. Siedem szczepów było opornych na metronidazol, a dwa szczepy na piperacylinę skojarzoną z tazobaktamem.

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate Etest usefulness for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of obligate anaerobes and to compare the activity of five antibacterial drugs against clinical strains of anaerobes. One hundred strains of obligate anaerobes were tested: 2 reference strains (B. fragilis ATCC 25285 and B. thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29741) and 98 clinical strains isolated from patients of the Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital - Center for Trauma Treatment in Warsaw during the last three years (1997-1999). Strains of seven genera of obligate nonsporeforming anaerobes (Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium and Actinomyces) and strains of two sporeforming species (C. perfringens and C. difficile) were examined. The MIC values were determined by the gradient diffusion method Etest (AB BIODISK, Sweden). Wilkins-Chalgren solid medium supplemented with 5% of sheep blood was used. Test plates were incubated at 35°C for 48 hours in glove-box (85% N2, 10% H2, 5% C02). The MIC values for each strain and antimicrobial agent, and the MIC ranges for bacteria of the same species were established. Ten strains resistant to clindamycin, ten resistant to piperacillin, and ten resistant to imipenem were detected. Seven strains were resistant to metronidazole and two strains to piperacillin combined with tazobactam. Tazobactam restored the susceptibility of eight strains to piperacillin. Obtained results confirm that Etest method is useful for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of obligate anaerobes. Older (clindamycin and metronidazole) and newer (piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem) antimicrobial agents revealed high and comparable activity against clinical strains of obligate anaerobes. The percentage of strains susceptible to tested antimicrobials was ≥ 90. These antimicrobials may be still useful in the empiric treatment of infections caused by medically important anaerobes.

17

Wrażliwość ESBL-dodatnich szczepów klinicznych pałeczek G- na beta-laktamowe i nie-beta-laktamowe leki przeciwbakteryjne

71%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Mielczarczyk J. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

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nr 4

18

Grzyby drozdzopodobne jako czynniki etiologiczne zakazen krwi pacjentow hospitalizowanych w latach 1998-1999

61%

Swoboda-Kopec E. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Rokosz A. , Wroblewska M. , Sulik-Tyszka B. , Stelmach E. , Luczak M.

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2002

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tom 54

|

nr 2

167-171

PL

Przebadano w automatycznym systemie BacT/Alert próbki krwi pobrane od pacjentów hospitalizowanych w oddziałach zabiegowych i zachowawczych SP CSK AM w Warszawie. Próbki krwi pobierano od chorych bezpośrednio z żyły lub za pomocą cewnika naczyniowego. Wyhodowano 38 szczepów grzybów drożdżopodobnych z krwi obwodowej i 20 szczepów z krwi pobranej przy użyciu cewnika naczyniowego. Gatunkami dominującymi były: C. albicans, C. glabrata i C. parapsilosis.

EN

The aim of the study was the analysis of frequency of yeast-like fungi as etiological agents of fungemias in patients hospitalized in operative and conservative wards of Medical Academy Central Clinical Hospital in Warsaw in 1998-1999. Peripheral blood samples and collected from vascular catheters were incubated in BacT/Alert system(Organon Teknika, USA). Positive blood samples were inoculated on Sabouraud medium with chloramphenicol (bioMerieux, France) (the time of cultivation from 48 h to 7 days at 30 C) and on chromogenic medium BBL® CHROMagar™ Candida (Becton Dickinson, USA). Fungal strains were identified by standard mycological procedures using ID 32 C strips (ATB system, bioMerieux, France) and tests of Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur (France). The total number of positive blood cultures was 1724. Fifty eight fungal strains were isolated from blood samples (3.36%). Strains belonged to 4 genera: Candida (55), Trichosporon (1), Saccharomyces (1) and Pichia (1). Thirty eight fungal strains were isolated from peripheral blood samples. Forty seven fungal strains were cultured from patients hospitalized in operative wards. Among fungi isolated from peripheral blood samples C. albicans (10), C. glabrata (9), and C. parapsilosis (5) strains dominated. From blood samples collected from vascular catheters most often C. albicans (7), C. glabrata (4) and C. parapsilosis (3) were isolated.The aim of the study was the analysis of frequency of yeast-like fungi as etiological agents of fungemias in patients hospitalized in operative and conservative wards of Medical Academy Central Clinical Hospital in Warsaw in 1998-1999. Peripheral blood samples and collected from vascular catheters were incubated in BacT/Alert system(Organon Teknika, USA). Positive blood samples were inoculated on Sabouraud medium with chloramphenicol (bioMerieux, France) (the time of cultivation from 48 h to 7 days at 30 C) and on chromogenic medium BBL® CHROMagar™ Candida (Becton Dickinson, USA). Fungal strains were identified by standard mycological procedures using ID 32 C strips (ATB system, bioMerieux, France) and tests of Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur (France). The total number of positive blood cultures was 1724. Fifty eight fungal strains were isolated from blood samples (3.36%). Strains belonged to 4 genera: Candida (55), Trichosporon (1), Saccharomyces (1) and Pichia (1). Thirty eight fungal strains were isolated from peripheral blood samples. Forty seven fungal strains were cultured from patients hospitalized in operative wards. Among fungi isolated from peripheral blood samples C. albicans (10), C. glabrata (9), and C. parapsilosis (5) strains dominated. From blood samples collected from vascular catheters most often C. albicans (7), C. glabrata (4) and C. parapsilosis (3) were isolated.

19

Specyfika zakażeń bakteriami beztlenowymi na oddziałach chirurgicznych i ortopedycznych

61%

Kierzkowska M. , Majewska A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Mlynarczyk A. , Ladomirska-Pestkowska K. , Mlynarczyk G.

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nr 1

20

Beta-laktamazy o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym u Gram-ujemnych paleczek rosnacych w warunkach bezwzglednie beztlenowych

61%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Kot K. , Pituch H. , Meisel-Mikolajczyk F. , Luczak M.

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nr 2

129-137

PL

Przedmiotem badań było 100 klinicznych szczepów pałeczek Gram-ujemnych, należących do bezwzględnych beztlenowców (93 szczepy z rodzaju Bacteroides i 7 szczepów z rodzaju Prevotella). Stwierdzono, że znaczna większość szczepów ((95%) wykazuje wrażliwość na piperacylinę, piperacylinę z tazobaktamem, tikarcylinę z kwasem klawulanowym, imipenem i meropenem. Wykryto dwa szczepy gatunku Bacteroides fragilis, wytwarzające ß-laktamazy o rozszerzonym zakresie działania (ESBLs). U badanych szczepów nie znaleziono indukowanych ß-laktamaz (IBL-s).

EN

This study was performed to determine the susceptibility of the clinical strains of Gram-negative strictly anaerobic rods to newer ß-lactam antibiotics. Also, the trial was undertaken to detect strains producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) and inducible ß-lactamases (IBLs) among Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. rods isolated from hospitalized patients. One hundred strains of Gram-negative, obligatory anaerobic rods were applied in the study. The strains were identified in automatic ATB system using API 20 A strips. ß-lactamase-positive strains were determined with disc nitrocefin test. ESBL-producing strains were detected with double disc test according to Jarlier et al. (1988). Clavulanate was applied as the inhibitor of these ß-lactamases (AMO/CLAV disc). ESBL-positive strains were confirmed with the use of E test (TZ/TZL strip). Inducible ß-lactamases were determined by double disc method according to Sanders and Sanders (1979). Cefoxitin was the inducer of these ß-lactamases (FOX disc). Among 93 Bacteroides spp. strains and 7 Prevotella spp. strains, 91 strains (91%) produced ß-lactamases. Two ESBL-producing strains (2%) were detected. Strains producing inducible ß-lactamases (IBL) were not found. A high activity of the examined ß-!actam antibiotics against strains of Gram-negative anaerobes was found. The majority of strains were susceptible to piperacillin (95%), piperacillin combined with tazobactam (99%), ticarcillin combined with clavulanic acid (99%), meropenem (97%) and imipenem (99%). The obtained results indicate the necessity of ESBL determination among strains of the genus Bacteroides, isolated from clinical specimens. Newer ß-lactam antibiotics, especially penicillins in combination with ß-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems, are useful in empiric therapy of infections caused by Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. anaerobic rods.