Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Hyperhomocysteinemia among Omani autistic children: a case-control study

100%

Ali A. , Waly M. I. , Al-Farsi Y. M. , Essa M. M. , Al-Sharbati M. M. , Deth R. C.

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nr 4

547-551

EN

High serum homocysteine (Hcy) level is regarded as an indicator for impairment of folate-dependent methionine cycle and is associated with oxidative stress. In a case control study, we evaluated eighty 3-5 years old Omani children (40 diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 40 their age and gender matched controls) for their fasting serum homocysteine levels as a biomarker of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Serum folate and vitamin B12 status were also evaluated. The serum homocysteine was measured using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique whereas folate and vitamin B12 were measured using an automated random access immune-assay system. The results indicated that mean serum Hcy levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in autistic children (20.1 ± 3.3 µmol/L) as compared to controls (9.64 ± 2.1 µmol/L). Significantly (P < 0.05) lower serum folate (1.8 ± 0.4 µg/L) and vitamin B12 (191.1 ± 0.9 pg/mL) levels were observed in autistic children as compared to controls (6.1 ± 0.6 µg/L and 288.9 ± 1.3 pg/mL, respectively). The levels of homocysteine in autistic children were also much higher as compared to normal reference values (5-15 µmol/L). The results suggest that high fasting serum homocysteine and low folate and vitamin B12 levels could be used as clinical biomarkers for an early diagnosis and management of ASD.

2

Effects of intracortical microinjection of vitamin B12 on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats

86%

Erfanparast A. , Tamaddonfard E.

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nr 2

EN

There are increasing studies indicating neuroprotective effects for vitamin B12. In the present study, the effect of intracortical microinjection of vitamin B12 was investigated on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity. We also examined the effects of intracortical microinjection of diazepam (a GABA-benzodiazepine receptor agonist) and flumazenil (a GABA- benzodiazepine receptor antagonist) to clarify the possible mechanism of vitamin B12. In urethane-anesthetized rats, epileptiform activity was induced by intracortical microinjection of penicillin (300 IU, 1.5 ^l), and the number and amplitude of spike waves were analyzed using electroencephalographs (EEG) recordings. Intracortical microinjections of vitamin B12 at doses of 100 and 200 ng/site, diazepam at a dose of 200 ng/site and their ineffective doses (50 ng/site of vitamin B12 with 50 ng/site of diazepam) co-microinjection treatment significantly (P<0.05) reduced both the number and amplitude of spike waves. In addition, combined microinjection of effective doses of vitamin B12 (100 ng/site) and diazepam (200 ng/site) produced more antiepileptiform effect in comparison with their alone used doses. The antiepileptic effects induced by microinjection of vitamin B12 and diazepam at a same dose of 200 ng/site were prevented by the same site microinjection of 50 ng/site of flumazenil. The results showed antiepileptiform activities for vitamin B12 and diazepam at the cerebral cortex level. A central GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex-mediated mechanism might be involved in the antiepileptiform activity of vitamin B12.

3

Homocysteine and vitamin therapy in stroke prevention and treatment: a review

86%

Manolescu B. N. , Oprea E. , Farcasanu I. C. , Berteanu M. , Cercasov C.

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nr 4

467-477

EN

Homocysteine (Hcy), a sulfur amino acid, is the only direct precursor for l-methionine synthesis through a reaction that requires vitamin B12, representing a connection with "one-carbon" units metabolism. Hcy catabolism requires vitamin B6 and as a consequence, alteration in folic acid and B vitamins status impairs Hcy biotransformation. Numerous studies have indicated that Hcy is an independent risk factor for cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. In the last decade, several clinical trials have investigated the possible correlation between the use of folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 for lowering Hcy plasma concentration and the reduced risk of stroke or its recurrence. This review is aimed to present some aspects of Hcy biochemistry, as well as the mechanisms through which it exerts the toxic effects on the vascular endothelium. We also discuss the results of some of the clinical trials developed to investigate the beneficial effects of vitamin therapy in the prevention and management of stroke.

4

Correlation between folate and vitamin B12 and markers of DNA stability in healthy men: preliminary results

86%

Milić M. , Rozgaj R. , Kašuba V. , Oreščanin V. , Balija M. , Jukić I.

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nr 3

339-345

EN

The aim of this study was to find correlations between folate and vitamin B12 on baseline damage in white blood cells and their association with smoking, alcohol consumption and ageing. Thirty-six healthy vitamin non-deficient male subjects were selected in a randomized study. Comet assay (SCGE) and micronucleus (MN) assay were used as biomarkers of DNA damage. The amount of DNA damage was correlated with vitamin B12 and folic acid concentration. Positive, but non-significant correlation (canonical R = 0.61; χ2=28.97; P=0.253) was found between micronucleus (MN) frequency or comet assay parameters (SCGE) and five covariates (age, smoking, alcohol consumption, vitamin B12 and folate blood serum concentration). The highest MN frequency was observed in the group with the lowest vitamin B12 concentration (F=3.59; P=0.024). The SCGE assay failed to show significant correlation with vitamin B12 or folic acid concentration. Concentration of vitamin B12 was significantly correlated with incidence of micronuclei. Our results present background data that could be valuable for future genotoxicological monitoring.

5

Czy hiperhomocysteinemia może stanowić przyczynę nawracających poronień?

72%

Magnucki J. , Sikora J. , Machalski T. , Kobielska L. , Partyka R. , Białas A.

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tom 63

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nr 1

84-92

EN

A high level of homocysteine can be one of potential causative factors of habitual miscarriages. As it can be viewed from the press review, despite numerous examinations of different negative effects of the high level of homocysteine in the human organism, up till now no specific critical concentration values of this amino acid in blood serum have been determined, above which pathological vascular changes can be caused and in consequence pregnancy loss. Very significant for pregnancy growth is also the appropriate concentration of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the pregnant woman organism. Among the results of hyperhomocysteine there are changes in endothelium of the blood vessels, with accompanying irregularities in blood coagulation system.

PL

Podwyższony poziom homocysteiny może być jednym z potencjalnych czynników sprawczych powtarzających się poronień u kobiet. Jak wynika z przeglądu piśmiennictwa, pomimo licznych badań poświęconych różnorodnym negatywnym skutkom podwyższonego poziomu homocysteiny w organizmie człowieka, dotychczas jednoznacznie nie ustalono granicznych wartości stężeń tego aminokwasu w surowicy krwi, powyżej których może dochodzić do patologicznych zmian naczyniowych, a w konsekwencji do utraty ciąży. Istotne znaczenie dla prawidłowego rozwoju ciąży przypisuje się również właściwemu stężeniu kwasu foliowego i witaminy B12. Wśród następstw hiperhomocysteinemi wymienia się zmiany w śródbłonku naczyń krwionośnych, z towarzyszącymi nieprawidłowościami w układzie krzepnięcia krwi.

6

Niespecyficzne bóle kręgosłupa – trudności diagnostyczne i lecznicze oraz sposoby ich rozwiązywania

72%

Citko A.

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tom 297

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nr 6

7-19

PL

Niespecyficzne bóle kręgosłupa są zaliczane do najczęstszych dolegliwości narządu ruchu i stanowią jedną z najczęstszych przyczyn zgłoszeń do lekarza rodzinnego. Słaba korelacja wyników badań obrazowych z niespecyficznymi bólami kręgosłupa sprawia, że podstawą w diagnostyce obrazowej kręgosłupa są standardowe zdjęcia radiologiczne wykonywane w dwóch projekcjach (AP oraz bocznej), a coraz częściej kluczową rolę odgrywają zdjęcia na stojąco (w pełnym obciążeniu). Należy również zwrócić uwagę na schorzenia współwystępujące u pacjentów, takie jak choroby układu sercowo-naczyniowego (nadciśnienie tętnicze, hiperlipidemia), cukrzyca typu 2, alergie, depresja. Schorzenia współwystępujące mogą pogarszać jakość tkanek kręgosłupa i wpływać na percepcję bólu. Podstawą leczenia niespecyficznych bólów kręgosłupa jest farmakoterapia. Dobór farmakoterapii powinien być indywidualny. Niemniej jednak należy pamiętać, że samo stosowanie leków z uwagi na możliwe powikłania nie jest optymalnym sposobem terapii. Znaczenie ma również rehabilitacja, terapia manualna i psychoterapia. Do innych metod leczenia należy mezoterapia i pilates.

EN

Nonspecific back pain is among the most common musculoskeletal complaints and is one of the most frequent reasons for visiting a general practitioner. The weak correlation between imaging study results and nonspecific back pain means that standard radiographic images taken in two projections (AP and lateral) form the basis of spinal imaging diagnostics, with standing images (under full load) increasingly playing a key role. Attention should also be paid to comorbid conditions in patients, such as cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, hyperlipidemia), type 2 diabetes, allergies, and depression. Comorbidities can deteriorate the quality of spinal tissues and affect pain perception. Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of treating nonspecific back pain. The choice of pharmacotherapy should be individualized. However, it should be noted that drug use alone, due to possible complications, is not an optimal treatment approach. Rehabilitation, manual therapy, and psychotherapy are also important. Other treatment methods include mesotherapy and Pilates.

7

Ból neuropatyczny w praktyce lekarza rodzinnego

58%

Puk O.

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nr 3

37-43

EN

Neuropathic pain is one of the most common and burdensome ailments affecting the quality of life of patients worldwide. Understanding, diagnosing, and treating this type of pain poses complex challenges for physicians and researchers. There are many etiological factors of neuropathic pain, including diabetic neuropathy, nerve compression injuries, postherpetic neuralgia, post-inflammatory neuropathy, toxic neuropathy (e.g., alcohol-induced), trigeminal neuralgia, and others. Typical symptoms of neuropathic pain include burning sensations, tingling, pinpricks, throbbing pain, numbness, as well as a “shooting” or “electric” shock-like feeling. Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment, medical history, and laboratory tests. Pharmacological treatment, in addition to classic analgesic drugs, includes tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, as well as anticonvulsant drugs such as gabapentin and pregabalin. Of particular note is the complex of B vitamins as an effective method to support the treatment of neuropathic pain. Studies have shown that B vitamin supplementation, especially vitamin B12 , can significantly improve painful symptoms and reduce the use of analgesic drugs in patients. It should be remembered that good therapeutic effects are obtained by using combination drugs, e.g. diclofenac with B vitamins or tramadol with paracetamol. The therapy should follow the “analgesic ladder”. Treatment of neuropathic pain should be supervised by an appropriate specialist, e.g. a neurologist.

PL

Ból neuropatyczny jest jednym z najpowszechniejszych i uciążliwych dolegliwości, które wpływają na jakość życia pacjentów na całym świecie. Zrozumienie, diagnoza i leczenie tego rodzaju bólu stanowią złożone wyzwania dla lekarzy i badaczy. Wyróżniamy wiele czynników etiologicznych bólu neuropatycznego, w tym neuropatię cukrzycową, uszkodzenia mechaniczne nerwów, neuralgię półpaścową, pozapalną, neuropatię toksyczną, np. alkoholową, neuralgię nerwu trójdzielnego itp. Typowe objawy bólu neuropatycznego to pieczenie, mrowienie, szczypanie, pulsujący ból, uczucie drętwienia oraz „przeszywający” lub „elektryzujący” cios. Diagnostyka opiera się na ocenie klinicznej, wywiadzie oraz badaniach laboratoryjnych. Leczenie farmakologiczne oprócz klasycznych leków przeciwbólowych obejmuje stosowanie trójpierścieniowych leków przeciwdepresyjnych, blokerów wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny i noradrenaliny oraz leków przeciwpadaczkowych, takich jak gabapentyna i pregabalina. Na szczególną uwagę zasługuje kompleks witamin B jako skuteczny środek wspomagający leczenie bólu neuropatycznego. Badania wykazały, że suplementacja witamin B, zwłaszcza witaminy B12, może znacznie poprawić dolegliwości bólowe i zmniejszyć stosowanie leków przeciwbólowych u pacjentów. Należy pamiętać, że dobre efekty terapeutyczne uzyskuje się poprzez zastosowanie preparatów łączonych, np. diklofenaku z witaminami B lub tramadolu z paracetamolem. Terapia powinna przebiegać zgodnie z „drabiną analgetyczną”. Leczenie bólu neuropatycznego powinno być nadzorowane przez odpowiedniego specjalistę, np. neurologa.

8

Determinants of plasma homocysteine in coal miners

58%

Mungan A. G. , Can M. , Kiran S. , Acikgoz S. , Guven B.

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2013

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tom 60

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nr 3

EN

Aim: Several studies suggest that coal miners are under risk of severe health problems such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, renal, hematological and musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are limited data on biochemical changes in underground workers. In our study we aimed to evaluate the association between serum homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12, cystatin C and folate levels in the blood of underground coal miners. Materials and Methods: Eighty one coal miners who work as underground or surface workers were recruited into our study. The study population was divided into two groups: the surface worker group (control group, n=33) and the underground worker group (n=48). The folate, vitamin B12, Hcy, cystatin C levels and body mass indexes (BMI) of both groups were measured and compared. Serum folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 levels were measured with a competitive chemiluminescence immunassay. Serum levels of cystatin C were determined by the latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric method using a cystatin C kit. Urea values were measured with a kinetic method on an automated analyzer. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the underground workers and surface workers in the urea, cystatin C and vitamin B12 levels. High serum Hcy levels and low folate levels were found in underground workers compared with those in surface workers. The correlation between Hcy and folate levels was also statistically significant. Similarly, there was also a significant correlation between Hcy and vitamin B12, and between Hcy and cystatin C levels. Conclusions: Elevated Hcy levels may be associated with underground working but further research is necessary to understand the relation between elevated Hcy and increased prevalence of health problems in coal miners.

9

Carrageenan as a support material for immobilization of propionic acid bacteria

58%

Czaczyk K. , Trojanowska K.

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1998

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tom 02

10

Zapalenie nerwów obwodowych: etiologia, diagnostyka i leczenie

51%

Puk O.

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2022

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tom 29 (280)

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nr 01

19-29

EN

Peripheral neuropathy is a common condition, with diabetes, alcoholism, and Guillain-Barre syndrome accounting for approximately 90% of all cases. The heterogeneous mechanism of nerve damage, e.g. trauma, infection, metabolic disease, etc., and the heterogeneous nature of the affected nerve fibres result in a broad and complex spectrum of symptoms of neuropathy. However, most common symptom is pain, most often constant, strong sensations as burning, stinging, etc. In addition, paraesthesia, loss of superficial sensation, weakness of reflexes and muscle weakness may occur. Diagnostics is based primarily on the clinical evaluation of patients and a thorough history. Importantly, therapy must include causal treatment, e.g. antibiotic therapy, surgery for pressure / trauma, etc., and adequate pain management with coanalgesics such as opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, etc. Supplementation of vitamin B complex as a coanalgesic is of great benefit. B vitamins reduce pain in more than 75% of patients and have neuroprotective effects through decrease of inflammation. It should be remembered that good therapeutic effects are obtained by using combination drugs, e.g. tramadol with paracetamol, diclofenac with B vitamins or other pharmaceutics with vitamins B1, B6 and B12. The therapy should follow the "analgesic ladder". Treatment of neuropathic pain should be supervised by an appropriate specialist, e.g. a neurologist.

PL

Neuropatia nerwów obwodowych jest dolegliwością powszechnie występującą, a cukrzyca, alkoholizm i zespół Guillain-Barre odpowiadają za ok. 90% jej przypadków. Różnorodny mechanizm uszkodzenia nerwów, tj. uraz, infekcja, choroba metaboliczna itp. oraz różnorodny charakter dotkniętych włókien nerwowych są przyczyną szerokiego spektrum objawów neuropatii. Jednakże najczęściej dolegliwości bólowe są stałe, silne, odczuwane jako pieczenie, szczypanie, itp. Ponadto mogą wystąpić parestezje, zniesienie czucia powierzchownego, osłabienie odruchów oraz osłabienie siły mięśniowej.

11

Wplyw obnizenia poziomu energii w dawce pokarmowej na poziom witaminy B12 w osoczu krwi buhajkow

51%

Lozyca-Kaplon M. , Oler A. , Glowinska B. , Rajs R.

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nr 3

43-48

PL

Badaniami objęto 60 buhajków: 30 rasy polskiej holsztyńsko-fryzyjskiej odmiany czarno-białej (PHF) oraz 30 mieszańców krów rasy polskiej holsztyńsko-fryzyjskiej z buhajami rasy limousine (PHF x LM). Oceniano wpływ obniżenia poziomu energii w dawce do 80% zapotrzebowania bytowego w ostatnich 60 dniach opasu na koncentrację witaminy B12 w osoczu krwi. Stwierdzono, że zmodyfikowana dieta nie wpłynęła istotnie statystycznie na zawartość kobalaminy we krwi buhajków PHF x LM. Wykazano natomiast istotny statystycznie spadek poziomu witaminy B12 u buhajków PHF po tygodniu od zmiany dawki, co nie potwierdziło się jednak na koniec doświadczenia.

EN

The experiment was carried out on 60 bulls: 30 Black-and-White Polish Holstein- Friesian (PHF) and 30 hybrids with Limousine (PHFxLM). The effect of reducing the energy value of a diet to 80% maintenance requirement during the final 60 days on vitamin B12 level was investigated. The modified diet had no significant effect on cobalamine content in PHFxLM blood plasma. The level of B12 in PHF blood decreased significantly after a week of changing the diet but no significant effect at the end of the experiment occurred.