Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Co to jest transseksualizm?

100%

Dzięga A.

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1992

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tom 3

50-54

EN

tutte le domande che ci propongono questi uomini. Cosa dicono loro? Lo stato di trassessualismo d’un uomo comincia durante la gravidanza (cio’e prima della nascite) delle cause diverse, per esempio della causa del clima inquinato. Di conseguenza la psiche si sviluppa secondo il „piano orginario”, il corpo umano invece secondo il „piano disformato”. Il trassessualismo e l’omosessualismo sono le due cose totalmente diverse. Un trassessulita mai può accettare il proprio sesso, si sente sempre un uomo del sesso contrario. Eimpossibile vivere nel matrimonio eterosessuale che per loro è proprio il vero matrimonio omoessuale. Elo stato di quasi-malattia del corpo, perchè curare la loro psiche non da niente. Solo dopo il cambiamento del corpo si sentono bene. Il matrimonio di un trassessualita prima dairintervento chirurgico è invalido secondo il can. 1095. 3.

2

Rozdzielność płci nupturientów jako przesłanka istnienia małżeństwa (art. 1 k.r.o.)

88%

Domański M.

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nr 4

821 - 855

EN

Under Polish law marriage is defined as the union of respectively ‘a man’ and ‘a woman’. Since the meaning of the terms in the context of marriage has not been specified by the legislator a reference to medical understanding is necessary to determine a person’s sex for the law of marriage. Currently in medicine, sex of a person is determined by the application of chromosomal, gonadal and genital as well as psychological tests. Under the Polish legal system distinction between sexes is based purely on biological criteria. Therefore, it is not possible to amend the initial entry in a birth certificate solely on the basis of a person’s gender. It is only allowed to amend a birth certificates when an individual’s sex has been wrongly determined at birth due to congruency of the biological criteria (intersex conditions) Article 31 of Civil Status Act. The Supreme Court, however, by the application of “creative” interpretation of law, has found a judicial procedure for transsexuals to be able to change their legal sex. The procedure has been based on a suit for establishing personal rights such as sex or gender. This solution made a basis for creating a practical model for a legal sex - change operation even on pre-operative transsexuals. The established model even though solving a significant social issue became a fundamental legal system discrepancy. Due to the fact that, under the Polish family law ‘a man’ and ‘a woman’ are terms used solely in biological context (e.g. filiation regulations) the life of a person with an assigned biological sex (and the consequential procreation capability) with opposite legal sex leads to unsolvable de lege lata problems e.g. assignment of paternity and maternity. The adopted position of the Polish legislature, even though coherent in legal institutions, is in variance with international standards of human rights protection and does not meet social expectations (especially transsexuals or medical milieus). Nevertheless, a solution to the problem is not achievable without the interference of the legislator.

3

An analysis of postgraduate theses on LGBTI individuals: A case of nursing departments in Turkey

88%

Soner G. , Aydin Avci İ.

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2021

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tom 11(1)

36-42

EN

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze postgraduate theses conducted on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersex Individuals in the field of nursing in Turkey. Materials and methods: Within the scope of the study, all the theses conducted in the field of nursing in Turkey until December 31st, 2018 were reviewed and the theses aiming at LGBTI individuals were assessed. Results: As a result of the scanning, 9 theses were reached and 88.8% of the theses were postgraduate thesis. It was seen that the theses were mainly conducted as postgraduate theses and although the total number of theses conducted in this field had increased over time, it was not at the desired level. Conclusions: As a result of the study, it was found that the theses were conducted in titles determining attitudes toward LGBTI individuals, questioning health problems of LGBTI individuals, and investigating LGBTI individuals’ barriers to health access.

4

(TRANS-)GENDERED METAPHORS: ON TRANSITIONING IN NIETZSCHE’S AESTHETICS

88%

Kollig D. V.

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tom 2

195-207

EN

Hostility towards transsexualism has not only persisted in non-academic communities, but also in academic scholarships, based not only on identifications of gender with sexuality and sexual identity, but also on the linguistic conventions of dichotomies of matter and ideas. Nietzsche’s aesthetics not only challenges this tradition of linguistically constructed dichotomies, but also the exclusive separation between genders and sexual identities. Referring to The Birth of Tragedy and Thus Spoke Zarathustra, the article examines how Nietzsche’s ideas of language as a system of metaphors contributes to an understanding of transgender respectively transsexual issues as non-regressive expressions of selfhood, challenging rather than confirming gender dichotomies.

5

“Gender troubled” – from the production and reproduction of masculinity to the forms of overcrossing gender: The masquerade of gender, or a no-woman imitating a woman

75%

Gajewska G.

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2017

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tom 18(2)

53-64

EN

The article concerns two phenomena characteristic for the western postmodern culture. The first one is the fetish of fashion and the second – the construction of gender. Both of these phenomena are analyzed on the example of Conchita Wurst’s stage performances. What interests me, are Conchita’s performances – a no-woman imitating a woman. Masquerading is based on non-obvious divisions masculinity and femininity. This is a distinctive game with gender, sexuality and physicality. Fashion plays a significant role in this masquerade, thanks to the reinforced fun with liquefaction boundaries of Conchita’s sexuality. In this article I analyze the issues like fetishization as self-presentation, constructing and de-constructing gender, fashion, pop culture, gender and camp. A particular point of reference is Conchita, but I also mention Mae West, Joan Crawford, Madonna and Andy Warhol.

6

JA ES BŪTU SMUKS, ES GRIBĒTU BŪT MEITENE!(‘If I Were Pretty, I Would Like To Be A Girl!’). Debating Transsexualism In The Latvian Parliament

75%

CHOJNICKA J.

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nr 1

179-200

EN

The article investigates a debate on the issues of legal recognition of gender which took place in the Latvian Parliament in 2009 and which is considered a rich source of material for a two-fold analysis. As an example of gendered discourse, it shows the differences between female and male MPs’ ways of tackling this uncomfortable subject. As a discourse about gender, which allows one to study the speakers’ arguments and attitudes, it reveals prejudice, lack of knowledge and conservative thinking. The analysis thus illustrates the language and arguments employed in the public sphere when discussing face-threatening, taboo topics.

7

Operacje korekty płci: czyn legalny czy bezprawny

63%

Ferenz J. M.

Family Forum

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2016

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nr 6

137-154

EN

The article concerns the issues of legality or illegality of sex reassignment surgery in the light of the Polish penal law. Conducted considerations start from the reference to the phenomenon of transsexualism (including its definition and etiology), possible methods of improving the health of transsexual people and the level of their effectiveness. Taking into account the aforementioned context, there has been analysed the existence of the medical purpose of the SRS. In that context there has been analysed the possibility of finding the primary legality of SRS. Subsequently, it has been analysed whether there is a possibility to exclude criminal liability for conducting such surgeries by the way of using justification, circumstances excluding the guilt or due to negligible degree of social harm of an act. Referring to the current de lege ferenda demands, there has been proposed the solution to the problem of establishing a clear legal settlement which should take the form of justification which would re-legalise SRS. The basis for such justification would be consent, as well as the requirement to have completed the register sex change first.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnienia legalności, bądź bezprawności operacji korekty płci na gruncie polskiego prawa karnego. Przeprowadzono rozważania, podczas których odniesiono się do samego zjawiska transseksualizmu (w tym do jego definicji i etiologii), możliwych metod poprawy stanu zdrowia osób transseksualnych i stopnia ich skuteczności, a także, biorąc pod uwagę powyższy kontekst, poddano analizie istnienie celu leczniczego zabiegów adaptacyjnych. Następnie przeprowadzono rozważania odnośnie do możliwości wyłączenia bezprawności albo ewentualnie jedynie odpowiedzialności karnej za przeprowadzenie operacji korekty płci. Przede wszystkim wzięto pod uwagę możliwość stwierdzenia pierwotnej legalności takich zabiegów, a dopiero w dalszej kolejności zastosowania kontratypu stanu wyższej konieczności lub instytucji stanu wyższej konieczności wyłączającego winę, czy wreszcie poddano analizie stopień społecznej szkodliwości czynu polegającego na przeprowadzeniu operacji korekty płci. Odnosząc się do dotychczasowych postulatów de lege ferenda, zaproponowano własne rozwiązanie problemu w postaci wprowadzenia jasnego rozstrzygnięcia ustawowego, które powinno przyjąć formę kontratypu wtórnie legalizującego operacje korekty płci. Podstawą takiego kontratypu byłaby zgoda, jak również wymóg wcześniejszego przeprowadzenia korekty metrykalnej.

8

Wyłączenie odpowiedzialności karnej lekarza za wykonanie chirurgicznego zabiegu zmiany płci

63%

Kozioł I. , Łakomy K.

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nr 9

s. 131-145

PL

Artykuł porusza problematykę prawnej dopuszczalności chirurgicznego zabiegu „zmiany płci”, poprzez wyłączenie odpowiedzialności karnej lekarza. Tematyka zabiegu uzgodnienia płci budzi kontrowersje w obszarze prawa karnego z punktu widzenia wyłączenia bezprawności dokonania tego rodzaju zabiegu. Część badaczy stoi na stanowisku, że to zjawisko powinno być traktowane jako zabieg medyczny i w konsekwencji opowiada się za pierwotną legalnością chirurgicznej zmiany płci. Z drugiej strony, powyższe stanowisko jest niekoherentne z tendencją do zaprzestania klasyfikowania transseksualizmu jako choroby psychicznej, która ma na celu ograniczenie stygmatyzacji osób transpłciowych. Tym samym należy zaprezentować inne koncepcje uzasadniające wyłączenie bezprawności zabiegu adaptacyjnego wypracowane przez polską naukę prawa karnego, które są związane z tematyką kontratypów. Owe koncepcje obejmują przede wszystkim kwestie zgody dysponenta dobrem oraz stanu wyższej konieczności. Jednocześnie, rozwiązania prezentowane przez doktrynę nie wydają się być adekwatne dla praktyki w tym zakresie, co uzasadnia konieczność omówienia potencjalnych zmian legislacyjnych w analizowanym obszarze.

EN

This paper contains an analysis of the legality of the sex reassignment surgery by excluding criminal liability of a doctor. The issue of sex reassignment in the area of criminal law raises controversies due to the exclusion of the unlawfulness of doctor’s activity. Some scholars share the point of view that presented matter should be concerned as a medical treatment and thus be recognized as primarily legal. Nevertheless, such standpoint may be incoherent with the tendency to exclude transsexualism from the catalogue of mental diseases and to prevent transgender population from stigmatization. Therefore, Polish doctrine of criminal law aims at finding other potential solutions in order to exclude unlawfulness of doctor’s behavior. Consequently, the theories of justifications are presented, particularly with an analysis that concerns the consent of the owner of the good and the force majeure concept. However, presented solutions do not seem to be adequate and comprehensive enough, hence the authors concluded with the necessity of legislative activity in this sphere and eventually pointed out possible de lege ferenda postulates.

9

Family doctors and residents' knowledge of transsexualism

51%

Balwiński M.

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nr 74

14-23

EN

The problem of transsexualism is often marginalised both in medical and psychological practice. This results in mental and physical self-injuries, as well as suicide attempts and suicides of patients. Early diagnosis and medical assistance may significantly prevent it. However, for this to be possible, medical personnel needs to possess adequate knowledge of the diagnosis, treatment and management of patients affected by this affliction. The aim of the study is an attempt to verify the knowledge of the subject of transsexualism of family doctors and residents. To this end, 90 questionnaires, correctly completed by these doctors, were analysed. All the questions were meant to verify the knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of transsexualism. The obtained results led to the following conclusions: 1. All the respondents confirmed the lack of sufficient knowledge of transsexualism and the need to deepen it. 2. The concepts of transsexualism, transvestitism, transgenderism, crossdressing, were often confused by respondents and wrongly regarded as synonyms. 3. It is necessary to identify the problem at an early stage and to provide these patients with the assistance of interdisciplinary teams

PL

Problem transseksualizmu jest często traktowany marginalnie zarówno w praktyce lekarskiej, jak i psychologicznej. Skutki takiego postępowania prowadzą do samookaleczeń psychicznych i fizycznych, a także prób i samobójstw pacjen-tów. Postawione odpowiednio wcześnie rozpoznanie oraz pomoc lekarska mogą w dużej mierze zapobiec tym zjawi-skom. Aby jednak było to możliwe, kadra medyczna powinna posiadać odpowiednią wiedzę odnośnie do diagnostyki, leczenia i prowadzenia pacjentów dotkniętych tym schorzeniem. Celem pracy jest próba weryfikacji wiedzy na temat transseksualizmu lekarzy rodzinnych i lekarzy rezydentów. W tym celu poddano analizie 90 prawidłowo wypełnionych ankiet przez tych lekarzy. Pytania w ankiecie zostały skonstruowane pod kątem wiedzy na temat diagnostyki i leczenia transseksualizmu. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły na sformułowanie następujących wniosków: 1. Wszyscy ankietowani potwierdzili brak wystarczającej wiedzy na temat transseksualizmu i potrzebę jej pogłębienia. 2. Pojęcia transseksualizmu, transwestytyzmu, transgenderyzmu, crossdressingu były często mylone przez osoby wypeł-niające ankietę i traktowane błędnie jako synonimy. 3. Istnieje konieczność wczesnej identyfikacji problemu i objęcie tych pacjentów opieką interdyscyplinarnych zespołów.