Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Influence of polyacrylamide flocculants on physical properties of two pseudopodzolic soils

100%

Hajnos M. , Sokolowska Z.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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1996

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tom 436

EN

Two nonionic flocculants, Magnafloc 351 and Rokrysol WF-1, have been applied in different doses to two pseudopodzolic soils: sandy and loessial. The filtration rate, evaporation and aggregate stability have been measured. The amount of the leached flocculants has been used as an estimation of their bonding force to the soil phase. The investigated soil properties have been improved under the influence of both flocculants, in different degree depending on the kind of soil. Physical properties of PAM-modified soils are quite similar.

PL

Określono wpływ niejonowych flokulantów typu poliakryloamidów, Magnafloc 351 i Rokrysol WF-1, na fizyczne właściwości dwóch gleb pseudobilicowych - wytworzoną z piasku oraz z lessu. Badano zależność pomiędzy wielkością dawki flokulanta wprowadzonej do gleby, a filtracją, parowaniem, składem agregatowym oraz trwałością wiązania polimeru z glebą. Stwierdzono podobny wpływ dodanych flokulantów na badane właściwości fizyczne gleb tj. stabilność agregatów, szybkość filtracji i parowania. Szybkość filtracji wody przez sflokulowane gleby była stała w szerokim przedziale czasu i zależała od wielkości dawki polimeru. Dodany flokulant obniżał ilość wyparowanej wody z powierzchni gleby i zwiększał czas trwania procesu parowania Również trwałość wiązania flokulanta z glebą zależała od wielkości dawki polimeru.

2

Determination of soil infiltration rate equation based on soil properties using multiple linear regression

100%

Harisuseno D. , Cahya E. N.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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tom no. 47

77--88

EN

Infiltration process plays important role in water balance concept particularly in runoff analysis, groundwater recharged, and water conservation. Hence, increasing knowledge concerning infiltration process becomes essential for water manager to gain an effective solution to water resources problems. This study employed multiple linear regression for estimating infiltration rate where the soil properties used as the predictor variable and measured infiltration rate as the response variable. Field measurement was conducted at sixteen points to obtain infiltration rate using double ring infiltrometer and soil properties namely soil porosity, silt, clay, sand content, degree of saturation, and water content. The result showed that measured infiltration rate had an average initial infiltration rate (f0) of 6.92 mm∙min–1 and final infiltration rate (fc) of 1.49 mm∙min–1. Soil porosity and sand content showed a positive correlation with infiltration rate by 0.842, 0.639, respectively, while silt, clay, water content, and degree of saturation exhibited a negative correlation by –0.631, –0.743, –0.66 and –0.49, respectively. Three types of regression equations were established based on type of soil properties used as predictor variables. The model performance analysis was conducted for each equation and the result shows that the equation with five predictor variables fMLR_3 = – 62.014 + 1.142 soil porosity – 0.205 clay, – 0.063 sand – 0.301, silt + 0.07 soil water content with R2 (0.87) and Nash–Sutcliffe (0.998) gave the best result for estimating infiltration rate. The study found that soil porosity contributes mostly to the regression equation that indicates great influence in controlling soil infiltration behavior.

3

Development of pedotransfer functions for predicting soil bulk density : a case study in Indonesian small island

100%

Yanti E. D. , Mulyono A. , Djuwansah M. R. , Narulita I. , Putra R. D. , Surinati D.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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tom no. 51

181--187

EN

Unlike many other countries, tropical regions such as Indonesia still lack publications on pedotransfer functions (PTFs), particularly ones dedicated to the predicting of soil bulk density. Soil bulk density affects soil density, porosity, water holding capacity, drainage, and the stock and flux of nutrients in the soil. However, obtaining access to a laboratory is difficult, time-consuming, and costly. Therefore, it is necessary to utilise PTFs to estimate soil bulk density. This study aims to define soil properties related to soil bulk density, develop new PTFs using multiple linear regression (MLR), and evaluate the performance and accuracy of PTFs (new and existing). Seven existing PTFs were applied in this study. For the purposes of evaluation, Pearson’s correlation (r), mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE), and modelling efficiency (EF) were used. The study was conducted in five soil types on Bintan Island, Indonesia. Soil depth and organic carbon (SOC) are soil properties potentially relevant for soil bulk density prediction. The ME, RMSE, and EF values were lower for the newly developed PTFs than for existing PTFs. In summary, we concluded that the newly developed PTFs have higher accuracy than existing PTFs derived from literature. The prediction of soil bulk density will be more accurate if PTFs are applied directly in the area that is to be studied.

4

Soil cover as a factor influencing the status of the environment

100%

Kolli R. , Ellermae O. , Soosaar K.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

|

2004

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tom 37

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nr 1

EN

The environmental status of any area is determined by the environment protection value (EPV) of its soils - their properties and functioning. In this work the biological, physical, pedo-climatic and subsoil aspects of the EPV of Estonian post-lithogenic or normally developed mineral soils (72% from total area) have been analysed. The analysis embraces 25 soil groups, the properties of which are presented according to land use (forest, arable and grassland soils) and by different soil layers (humus cover, soil cover and the metric soil layer) on soil matrix tables. On the basis of the results, which were received in the course of the assessment of separate EPV aspects, the EPV class, as an integrated index for soil type, was determined. The soils studied were divided into five classes, according to (I) good, (II) relatively good, (III) satisfactory, (IV) relatively poor and (V) poor EPV.

5

Chemical composition of Trifolium repens L. from permanent grasslands in relation to some chemical soil properties

88%

Alberski J. , Olszewska M.

Acta Agrophysica

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2015

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tom 22

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nr 4

EN

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between selected soil properties and the chemical composition of Trifolium repens in swards of permanent grasslands in the Olsztyn Lakeland. The study was carried out in 2005-2008 on permanent grasslands with a high share of legumes in the sward. A total of 26 meadow and pasture sites were investigated where the share of Trifolium repens in the sward ranged from 5% to 25% (2 points on the Braun-Blanquet cover scale). Phytosociological releves were done by the Braun-Blanquet method in selected grasslands in the most representative phytocenoses covering an estimated area of 25 m2. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 5-15 cm for analyses of the physical and chemical properties of soil. Samples of plant material of Trifolium repens were also collected from each treatment for chemical analyses. Analyses of soil composition and nutrient content in plant material were carried out with the standard methods. Bulk density, actual moisture content and water-holding capacity were determined by the oven-drying and gravimetric method, acidity was measured in KCl solution with the concentration of 1 mol dm–3, phosphorus and potassium content were determined by the Egner-Riehm method, magnesium content – by the Schachtschabel method, calcium and sodium content – by the universal method proposed by Nowosielski, and copper, zinc, manganese and iron content – by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Plant material was analysed to determine the content of total nitrogen – by the Kjeldahl method, crude fibre – by the Henneberg- Stohman method, phosphorus – by the vanadium-molybdenum method, potassium, calcium and sodium – by flame photometry, magnesium and micronutrients by AAS. The highest number of communities with Trifolium repens were noted on light and medium textured soils with high and very high content of Mg, moderate abundance of Ca and micronutrients, moderate and low levels of P, low content of K and slightly acidic pH. Dry matter of Trifolium repens was characterised by high total protein content and optimal crude fibre content. A mineral composition analysis revealed optimal levels of phosphorus, magnesium and sodium, excessive content of potassium, calcium and manganese, and deficiency of copper, zinc and iron. A significant relationship between the chemical properties of soil and the content of total protein, crude fibre and mineral components in white clover dry matter was confirmed.

PL

Celem podjętych badań było wykazanie zależności między niektórymi właściwościami gleby a składem chemicznym Trifolium repens z trwałych użytków zielonych Pojezierza Olsztyńskiego. Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2005-2008 na trwałych użytkach zielonych ze znacznym udziałem roślin motylkowatych w runi. Badaniami objęto 26 obiektów łąkowo – pastwiskowych, w runi których pokrycie powierzchni przez Trifolium repens wynosiło od 5 do 25% (2 – w skali Brauna-Blanqueta). Na wytypowanych użytkach zielonych, w najbardziej reprezentacyjnych płatach roślinnych, na powierzchni ok. 25 m2 wykonano zdjęcia fitosocjologiczne metodą Brauna- Blanqueta. Z warstwy 5-15 cm pobrano próby glebowe do określenia właściwości fizycznych i chemicznych gleby. Z każdego obiektu pobrano również materiał roślinny Trifolium repens do analiz chemicznych. Analizy gleby i zawartości składników pokarmowych w roślinie wykonano według ogólnie przyjętych metod. Gęstość objętościową, wilgotność aktualną i pojemność wodną – metodą suszarkowo-wagową, kwasowość – w roztworze KCl o stężeniu 1 mol·dm–3, fosfor i potas – metodą Egnera-Riehma, magnez- metodą Schachtschabela, wapń i sód - metodą uniwersalną Nowosielskiego, miedź, cynk, mangan i żelazo – metodą absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej (ASA). W materiale roślinnym oznaczono: azot ogólny – metodą Kiejdahla, włókno surowe – metodą Henneberga Stohmana, fosfor – metodą wanadowo-molibdenianową, potas, wapń i sód – metodą fotopłomieniową, natomiast magnez i mikroelementy – metodą ASA. Badania wykazały, że najwięcej zbiorowisk z udziałem Trifolium repens zanotowano na glebach lekkich i średnich o bardzo wysokiej i wysokiej zasobności w Mg, średniej w Ca i mikroelementy, średniej i niskiej zasobności P, niskiej zasobności K oraz lekko kwaśnym odczynie gleby. Sucha masa Trifolium repens charakteryzowała się wysoką zawartością białka ogólnego i optymalną zawartością włókna surowego. W składzie mineralnym stwierdzono optymalną zawartość fosforu, magnezu i sodu, zbyt dużą zawartość potasu, wapnia i manganu oraz niedobór miedzi, cynku i żelaza. Obliczone współczynniki korelacji świadczą o istotnej zależności między właściwościami chemicznymi gleby a zawartością białka ogólnego i włókna surowego oraz składników mineralnych w suchej masie koniczyny białej.

6

The use of dilatometer test for the determination of undrained shear strength in organic soils

88%

Rabarijoely S.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2008

|

tom 40

7

Influence of soil properties on iron and manganese contents in wheat grain

88%

Lipinski W. , Franczak S. , Watros A.

Journal of Elementology

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2005

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tom 10

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nr 4 Suppl.1

57

8

Evaluation of soil reaction and content of assimilable nutrients in soils of South-Eastern Poland

88%

Tkaczyk P. , Bednarek W. , Dresler S. , Krzyszczak J.

Acta Agrophysica

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2016

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tom 23

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nr 2

EN

An environmental study was performed in the years 2008-2012 to evaluate actual soil reaction (pHKCl) and content of nutrients in soils of south-eastern Poland and also to determine the relationship of those nutrients to soil properties. To carry out those studies, 15493 soil samples were chemically analysed in certified laboratory of Regional Agrochemical Station in Lublin. In all soil samples particle size distribution was determined using the Laser Diffraction Method, soil reaction – in 1 mol KCl·dmˉ³, phosphorus and potassium using Egner-Riehm method, and magnesium was assayed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method. The reaction of non-calcareous soils of south-eastern Poland was acidic (very light soils) or slightly acidic (light, medium and heavy soils), and for calcareous soils the it was alkaline. The chemical analysis revealed that supply of phosphorus was moderate (light and medium non-calcareous and very light calcareous soils), high (very light and heavy non-calcareous soils) and very high (light, medium and heavy calcareous soils), and it depended significantly on the soil reaction. The supply of potassium in non-calcareous soils was moderate and depended significantly on agronomic category and soil reaction. As for magnesium, the supply of this nutrient in calcareous and non-calcareous soils depended on agronomic category and soil reaction.

PL

W latach 2008-2012 przeprowadzono badania środowiskowe, których celem była ocena aktualnego odczynu (pHKCl) i zasobności gleb południowo-wschodniej Polski w podstawowe składniki pokarmowe oraz określenie zależności tych składników od niektórych właściwości gleby. Do przeprowadzania badań wykorzystano wyniki analiz chemicznych 15493 próbek glebowych. Analizy chemiczne wykonano w akredytowanym laboratorium Okręgowej Stacji Chemiczno-Rolniczej w Lublinie. W pobranych próbkach skład granulometryczny oznaczono metodą laserową, odczyn w 1 mol KCl·dmˉ³, fosfor i potas przyswajalny metodą Egnera-Riehma (DL) a magnez przyswajalny po ekstrakcji z gleby 0,0125 mol CaCl2·dmˉ³ i oznaczeniu zawartości tego pierwiastka metodą ASA. Odczyn gleb bezwęglanowych południowo-wschodniej Polski był kwaśny (gleby bardzo lekkie) lub lekko kwaśny (gleby lekkie, średnie i ciężkie), a węglanowych – zasadowy. Zasobność gleb bezwęglanowych lekkich i średnich w fosfor przyswajalny była średnia, bardzo lekkich i ciężkich – wysoka. Zasobność gleb węglanowych bardzo lekkich była średnia, a lekkich, średnich i ciężkich – bardzo wysoka. Zasobność ta zależała istotnie od klasy odczynu gleby. Zawartość potasu przyswajalnego w glebach bezwęglanowych zależała istotnie od kategorii agronomicznej i klasy odczynu; zasobność gleb wszystkich kategorii w ten pierwiastek była średnia. Zasobność gleb węglanowych bardzo lekkich w potas przyswajalny była średnia, a pozostałych kategorii (gleb lekkich, średnich, ciężkich) – wysoka. Zawartość magnezu przyswajalnego w glebach bezwęglanowych i węglanowych zależała od kategorii agronomicznej oraz klasy odczynu. Zasobność gleb bezwęglanowych w ten pierwiastek była średnia, a węglanowych niska (gleby bardzo lekkie, lekkie i średnie) i średnia (gleby ciężkie).

9

Agro-ecological problems of soil flooding and underflooding in Ukraine

88%

Medvedev V. V. , Truskavetsky R. S. , Altman K. P.

Acta Agrophysica

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2000

|

tom 35

EN

Problems related to soil flooding in Ukraine are discussed. Directions of soil processes and changes in the soil properties under the influence of flooding are reviewed on the basic of an example of a chernozem-meadow soil located close to the Kremenchung water reservoir.

10

Content of phenolic compounds in humus acids of forest soil

88%

Banach-Szott M.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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2007

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tom 40

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nr 1

EN

Theaimof the present paper was to define the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds in the extracts of fulvic acids and hydrolyzates of humic acids isolated from forest soil. Forest soil was sampled from the organic horizon (5-3.5 cm – sub-horizon Ol and 3.5-0 cm– sub-horizon Ofh) and mineral horizon every 10 cm (0-50 cm). Phenoliccompounds in fulvic acids (FAs) extracts and humic acids (HAs) hydrolyzates were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The recorded chromatograms showed differences in the composition of phenolic compounds between humic and fulvic acids fractions. The content of those compounds both in extracts of fulvic acids and hydrolyzates of humic acids and V+S+C parameter values decreased together with the sampling depth. The highest values of V+S+C parameter were calculated for extracts of fulvic acids and humic acids hydrolyzates isolated from the organic horizon of forest soil. The share of the vanillyl type in the extracts of humus acids (HAs+FAs) of the subhorizon Ol was close to that of the sum share of the syringyl and cinnamyl type. The greater the depth, the greater the share of vanillyl compounds in the pool of the share of syringyl, cinnamyl and vanillyl compounds.

PL

Celem pracy było określenie składu jakościowego i ilościowego związków fenolowych w ekstraktach kwasów fulwowych i hydrolizatach kwasów huminowych gleby leśnej. Próbki gleby leśnej pobrano z poziomu organicznego (5-3.5 cm – podpoziom Ol i 3.5-0 cm – podpoziom Ofh) oraz z poziomów mineralnych co 10 cm (0-50 cm). Związki fenolowe w ekstraktach kwasów fulwowych (KF) i hydrolizatach kwasów huminowych (KH) oznaczono metodą wysoko sprawnej chromatografii cieczowej (HPLC). Na podstawie przebiegu chromatogramów wykazano różnice składu związków fenolowych między kwasami huminowymi i kwasami fulwowymi. Zawartość związków fenolowych zarówno wekstraktach kwasów fulwowych jak i hydrolizatach kwasów huminowych oraz wartości parametruV+S+C zmniejszały się wraz z głębokością pobrania próbek. Najwyższymi wartościami parametruV+S+C charakteryzowały się ekstrakty kwasów fulwowych i hydrolizaty kwasów huminowych wyizolowane z poziomu organicznego gleby leśnej. W ekstraktach kwasów humusowych (KH+KF) podpoziomu surowinowego udział jednostek wanilinowych był zbliżony do sumy udziału jednostek syryngowych i cynamonowych. Wraz z głębokością zwiększał się udział jednostek wanilinowych w puli udziału jednostek syryngowych, cynamonowych i wanilinowych.

11

Preliminary investigation for forecasting the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after soil fertilization with sewage sludge

88%

Oleszczuk P. , Baran S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2004

|

tom 13

|

nr 3

EN

In addition to the positive effects on the physical, chemical and biological soil properties of the application of sewage sludge into the soil, there is often an increase of both organic and inorganic pollutants in the soil. One of the most popular organic xenobiotics frequently present in sewage sludge are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The aim of this study is to determine possibilities for forecasting the content of individual PAHs in the soil on the basis of their content in sewage sludge. Two types of sewage sludge with different PAH contents, both in terms of quantity and quality, were examined. The different types of sludge were introduced into the soil in the following doses: 30, 75, 150, 300 and 600 t/ha. The results obtained showed a clear differentiation in the behaviour of individual PAHs in relation to the dose applied and the type of sewage sludge.

12

Some soil properties affecting orchards of the Cracow Province

88%

Jasiewicz C. , Zemanek M.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2001

|

tom 52

EN

Soil samples for analyses were collected in the whole area of the Cracow province. Basic soil properties and content of heavy metals were determined in the soil samples. It was found out that 47% of the examined soils of the Cracow province should be classified as the soils with elevated cadmium levels, 10% are soils with elevated lead levels and 27% are the soils with elevated zinc levels. The remaining soils should be classified as the soils with a natural content of these elements. Nickel and copper concentrations in all the examined soils are in the range of the natural content. The calculated correlation coefficients show that the content of cadmium was determined by the soil pH and content of copper by the content of C-org.

13

Soil colour and spectral analysis employing linear regression models. I. Effect of organic matter

88%

Barouchas P. E. , Moustakas N. K.

International Agrophysics

|

2004

|

tom 18

|

nr 1

14

Correlation between the number of cultivatable microorganisms and soil contamination with diesel oil

88%

Wyszkowska J. , Kucharski J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2005

|

tom 14

|

nr 3

EN

The effect of diesel oil contamination on the number of soil microrflora in light clay sand and light clay was determined in a pot experiment. The experimental soil was contaminated with the following doses of diesel oil (ON) calculated as maximum water capacity (MWC): 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 and 3%. The lowest dose of diesel oil (0.5% MWC) for the lighter soil was 1.67 g · kg⁻¹ d.m. and for heavier soil it was 1.71 g · kg⁻¹ d.m. Varied urea fertilization also was applied: 0 and 250 mg N g · kg⁻¹ d.m. of soil. For the initial 18 days, the pots were maintained unsown. On day 18, the Juno variety of yellow lupine was planted (7 plants per pot). The yellow lupine plants were harvested at the blooming phase. Soil samples were taken on day 18 and immediately after yellow lupine harvest. Based on the results, soil contamination with 0.5% to 3.0% MWC of diesel oil was found to disturb the soil microbiological balance. This substance stimulated the development of oligotrophic, copiotrophic, sporulating copiotrophic and Actinomycetales and inhibited the development of Azotobacter spp. and cellulolytic bacteria. Fertilisation with urea had a positive effect on the multiplication of the above microorganisms. The number of oligotrophic, copiotrophic bacteria and Actinomycetales was higher in the light clay, whereas the number of sporulating oligotrophic, sporulating copiotrophic and cellulolytic bacteria and fungi was greater in light clay sand soil. Yellow lupine cultivation had a positive effect on the multiplication of sporulating oligotrophic, copiotrophic and cellulolytic bacteria and fungi in both analyzed types of soil. Hydrolytic acidity and organic carbon content were positively correlated, whereas pH, total exchangeable cations and alkaline cation soil saturation were negatively correlated with soil contamination with diesel oil.

15

Soil compaction changes in the area of wheel passage at different tyre pressure values

75%

Sergiel L. , Bulinski J.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Agriculture

|

2016

|

nr 67

16

Selected monitoring properties of agricultural soil from the Imielin experimental site

75%

Radziemska M. , Fronczyk J. , Lech M. , Sieczka A. , Lechowicz Z.

Przegląd Naukowy. Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

|

2016

|

tom 25

|

nr 2[72]

EN

Selected monitoring properties of agricultural soil from the Imielin experimental site. The effects of two types of agricultural practice: variable rate application (VRA) and uniform (UNI) N dose on selected chemical properties of soil were compared in a fi eld fertilization experiment. Nitrogen, in doses 60 or 80 kg·haˉ¹ (UNI) and 55–105 kg·haˉ¹ (VRA), was applied to soil farmed with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The research was conducted in the 2012/2013 growing season in Poland on 22 ha of production fi elds located in the Imielin countryside (central Poland). The soil samples were taken from three depths: 0.0–0.3, 0.3–0.6, and 0.6–0.9 m, and the pH, HAC, TEB, CEC, and BS were determined. The application of the nitrogen fertilizer in the two types of agricultural practice – variable rate application (VRA) and uniform (UNI) N dose modified the basic physical and chemical properties of soil. The highest values of pH and hydrolytic acidity were observed at the soil depth of 0.6–0.9 m after the first rate of nitrogen fertilizer was applied. Cation exchange capacity of soils collected after uniform nitrogen rates were characterized by values decreasing with the increasing depth of the soil profile.

PL

Wybrane parametry monitoringowe gleb rolnych obiektu doświadczalnego Imielin. Wpływ dwóch rodzajów nawożenia: zmienną (VRA) i stałą dawką azotu (UNI) na wybrane właściwości chemiczne gleb została określona na podstawie doświadczeń polowych. Dawki azotu w ilościach 60 i 80 kg·haˉ¹ (UNI) oraz 55–105 kg·haˉ¹ (VRA) były dodawane do gleby, na której uprawiano pszenicę ozimą (Triticum aestivum L.). Badania przeprowadzono w sezonie wegetacyjnym 2012/2013 na 22 ha polu uprawnym zlokalizowanym w miejscowości Imielin (centralna Polska). Próbki gleb pobrano z trzech głębokości: 0,0–0,3, 0,3–0,6 i 0,6–0,9 m, i oznaczono w nich: pH, EC, Hh, S, T, V. Aplikacja nawozów azotowych w zmiennej (VRA) i stałej dawce (UNI) azotu modyfikowała podstawowe fizyko-chemiczne właściwości gleby. Największymi wartościami pH i kwasowości hydrolitycznej charakteryzowała się gleba pochodząca z głębokości pomiarowej 0,6–0,9 m, pobrana po pierwszej dawce wysiewu nawozów. Kationowa pojemność gleb pochodzących z poboru po drugiej dawce nawożenia stałą dawką azotu charakteryzowała się wzrostem swej wartości w miarę zwiększania się głębokości pomiarowej.

17

Influence of organic-mineral fertilisation originating from brown coal on the improvement of sorption and retention properties of sandy soils

75%

Maciejewska A.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

|

1998

|

tom 31

|

nr 2

18

The influence of soil properties and land use on the phosphate level in soils from Lubelskie region

75%

Banach A. , Wolinska A. , Blaszczyk M. , Stepniewska Z.

Polish Journal of Agronomy

|

2015

|

nr 22

EN

Phosphorus is an important life-supporting nutrient and therefore it is often applied in fertilizers. As a result, its pool in soil may increase due to the presence of various elements effectively binding P, making it unavailable to plants. Each soil exhibits many characteristics important in P cycling, with the aeration state (redox potential and moisture), pH, and the presence of N, Ca, and Fe being the most important. In addition, agricultural practices, e.g. fertilization, may strongly affect P pools in the soil. We studied 7 different, both cultivated and natural, soil types from Lubelskie region. We found that agricultural practices strongly affected the soil aeration state, pH, and moisture level reducing them signifi cantly. As a result, phosphate concentrations increased signifi cantly up to 10 mg kg-1 in comparison to ca. 2– 4 mg kg-1 in non-cultivated soils. This was caused by changes in soil characteristics depending on the soil type (availability of N, Ca, and Fe). The levels of nitrates increased up to 50 mg kg-1, favouring P immobilization. It could be concluded that the soil aeration state (related to the manner of soil use) is important in P cycling through the effect on other soil characteristics, which differ among soil types.

19

Advances in ecological modelling of soil properties by self-organizing feature maps of natural environment of Lower Silesia [Poland]

75%

Stankiewicz A. , Kosiba P.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

|

2009

|

tom 78

|

nr 2

167-174

EN

The paper provides the use of self-organizing feature maps for determination of soil properties in its initial stage of development formed of massive rocks and how SOFM can be used for the study of environmental objects. The study area was Lower Silesia (Poland) overgrown with common, unique and protected vegetation of lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants. The parent rock of the studied soils consists of Miocene volcanites from the middle part of the Sudety Margin Fault. Soil samples were collected from 20 sites. The soil reaction (pH) and concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, S, Ti, Zn in surface soils were analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA. The SOFM was used to demonstrate the non-linear ordination and visualization of soil properties. The SOFM showed the influence of parent rock on soil chemical properties generated by it. SOFM appeared to be effective and proper/fit for phenomena and processes taking place in natural environment and is useful in ecology and ought to be taken into account as a possible tool of estimation of various plants and their biotopes. The model can be useful as alternative techniques in modelling the ecological complex data, and provide a novel framework for the discovery and forecasting of ecosystem structure and behaviours in response to environmental changes.

20

The effect of slurry manuring on properties of humic compounds from sandy soil

75%

Straczynska S.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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1998

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tom 31

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nr 2