Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Space Conceptualization and Motion Verbs in Polish and French as Foreign Languages

100%

Paprocka-Piotrowska U.

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nr 10

77-94

EN

The following text compares the acquisition of French and Polish as second languages. The empirical research (target group includes Polish and French native speakers, Polish students of French and French students of Polish) is designed to answer certain questions concerning, among others, the extent of language categorisation, the characteristics of the mother tongue and real communication of adult learners of typologically different foreign languages. The research results show that 1) the major difficulty in constructing a new system of meaning stems from the necessity of building a new type of relation, 2) constructing new dictionary resources is a function of learners’ knowledge of given language tools, and 3) comparison of the learners’ transition from Polish to French and vice versa implies the existence of certain stages of acquisition particular to a deconstruction of its own and construction of a new system of language devices.

2

A critical review of research on strategies in learning Chinese as both a second and foreign language

100%

Jiang X. , Cohen A.

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nr 1

9-43

EN

This article critically reviews strategy research on learning Chinese both as a second and foreign language. Through a careful examination of major data bases in both the Chinese and English languages, the article summarizes research in the field and the principal research methods used in the studies reviewed. Moreover, key limitations in research designs, inconsistencies in reported findings, inappropriate use of research methods, and weaknesses in both Chinese- and English-language publications are discussed. The article concludes by calling for future research paying more attention to current language learning strategy theories and practices.

3

Personal experiencing of spoken English by Poles

88%

Daszkiewicz M.

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nr 1(36)

33-41

EN

The paper addresses applicability of terms and rationale normally associated with early language education to the learning (and articulation) of English by adult Poles. It discusses how grown-ups – supposedly aware of how important speech is for their language success – prove victim to affective obstacles, require the personally – and emotionally-experienced sense of achievement, which implies that the character of their language learning does not depart too far from that of young children. The paper opens with a section concerning the (Polish) national edge of the learning of English and focusing on the learners’ decision not to speak having a personal and crucial character. Then, the issue of affective obstacles is examined theoretically in a discussion on the suitability of specific early education terms for adult language education, and empirically – through a qualitative study of what effect is obtained among Polish grown-ups by using a language teaching method resting on L2 early education terms. It is observed that following a simple teaching procedure in which learners were presented with a set of topic-oriented questions and exemplary answers and then requested to remark (in Polish) on (a four-faceted construct reflecting) how they feel about their productive language learning, an immediate positive outcome is obtained on the affective stratum.

4

The use of lexical retrieval strategies by creative second language learners: A computational analysis of clustering and switching

88%

Fernández-Fontecha A. , Ryan J.

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nr 3

541-570

EN

This study seeks to delve into the potential role of divergent thinking, a component of creativity, in second language learning. Specifically, we compare the use of lexical organization and production strategies of two groups of more and less creative EFL learners in year 12 through an automatic vectorial semantic analysis of their retrieval in three second language semantic fluency tasks. Consistent with previous research in the field of creativity, our findings indicate that the creative group retrieved more second language words than the less creative group. These words were less related to each other and to the stimulus categories than the words generated by the less creative group. While the creative participants’ retrieval was based on an extensive use of switching, a slight but non-significant trend was found in the production of longer clusters by the less creative participants. These results yield interesting insights into the potential role of creativity in second language learning.

5

Dialog kultur, czyli o podręczniku dla dzieci do nauczania języka polskiego jako drugiego

88%

Achtelik A. , Niesporek-Szamburska B.

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nr 2(10)

199-218

EN

The article is aimed at discussing the problem of teaching Polish as a foreign language to the children and teenagers of Polish origin. The authors point out to the specific situation of teaching bilingual children and present several contexts (socio¬ cultural, intercultural, psycho-logical and pedagogical, local) that determine the character of such teaching aid as a text-book for children who want to learn Polish as a second language. The authors of the article discuss components of such textbook and methods of preparing them using their own work (a textbook Bawimy się w polski 1) as an example. They also present certain examples of de-veloping an inspiration (for example an intercultural one) that this textbook contains.

6

Modality-Independent Effects of Phonological Neighborhood Structure on Initial L2 Sign Language Learning

88%

Williams J. , Newman S. D.

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tom 13

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nr 2

198-212

EN

The goal of the present study was to characterize how neighborhood structure in sign language influences lexical sign acquisition in order to extend our understanding of how the lexicon influences lexical acquisition in both sign and spoken languages. A referentmatching lexical sign learning paradigm was administered to a group of 29 hearing sign language learners in order to create a sign lexicon. The lexicon was constructed based on exposures to signs that resided in either sparse or dense handshape and location neighborhoods. The results of the current study indicated that during the creation of the lexicon signs that resided in sparse neighborhoods were learned better than signs that resided in dense neighborhoods. This pattern of results is similar to what is seen in child first language acquisition of spoken language. Therefore, despite differences in child first language and adult second language acquisition, these results contribute to a growing body of literature that implicates the phonological features that structure of the lexicon is influential in initial stages of lexical acquisition for both spoken and sign languages. This is the first study that uses an innovated lexicon-construction methodology to explore interactions between phonology and the lexicon in L2 acquisition of sign language.

7

Effects of word class and training method on vocabulary learning in a second language

88%

Ludington J. D.

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tom 13

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nr 4

426-449

EN

It is not fully known whether nouns or verbs are easier to learn in a second language. A noun learning advantage has been observed for children in many languages (e.g., Gentner, 1982), but few have examined whether mature second language learners show a similar pattern. In the current study 84 university students were trained with nonce words for 96 familiar, concrete concepts (half nouns, half verbs), half labeled ostensibly, and half in contexts that allowed label meanings to be inferred. Vocabulary knowledge was assessed through recognition tests after a delay of either five minutes or one week. No evidence of a word class advantage was found-participants did not demonstrate a noun advantage. Ostensive training was superior to inferential training at five minutes but not after one week.

8

Motivation for Second Language Learning in the Czech Armed Forces

75%

Holcner V. , Dvořák J. , Vápeník J.

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nr 19

117-128

EN

The subject matter of the paper is motivation for second language learning under specific conditions of military service in the Czech Armed Forces. Motivation is the fundamental source of any human action, influencing goals and objectives, attitudes and efforts but also results achieved by each individual. As such, motivation belongs to the most important factors of learners´ success. The paper is based on an explanatory research perspective, aiming at identifying the relative importance of different factors of motivation in second language learning. The presented paper methodology consists of a questionnaire survey, followed by an analysis and interpretation of gathered data. The research material, covered by the survey, is the motivation of the Czech Armed Forces personnel attending foreign language courses to learn second foreign language at the University of Defence Language Centre in 2022. This survey has been designed to enable language educators to identify and further analyse relative significance of individual motivational factors and their perception by second language learners as either internal, or external. As the survey outcomes show, the Czech military personnel motivation to learn second foreign language is not primarily generated by their current job needs and requirements. At the same time, the Czech military personnel attending foreign language courses perceive their learning motivation as predominantly internal.

9

What’s age got to do with it? Accounting for individual factors in second language accent

75%

Moyer A.

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tom 4

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nr 3

443-464

EN

Empirical research conducted over the past few decades suggests that the age at which an individual is first exposed to a second language affects long-term outcomes, in particular for phonology. The question that has occupied scholars of various bents is what, exactly, underlies the robust age effects observed. Does age imply immutable changes in one’s ability to ever sound native-like? Are these changes neurological, cognitive, or socio-psychological in nature? What role do L2 use and contact play? Do age-related influences apply to all individuals, or can language learners actually chart their own course when it comes to accent? This paper will outline basic assumptions of the critical period for phonology while suggesting a different approach to the age question that highlights the individual’s role in both process and outcome. Constructs such as L2 experience, motivation, self-concept, learning approach, and willingness to communicate are discussed in depth in order to show the fundamental connection between cognition and affect so critical for late phonological learning. A re-orientation of the age research is suggested as a result, to prioritize contextual understandings of language use and learner agency.

10

Wykorzystanie matematycznych zadań tekstowych w rozwijaniu kompetencji gramatycznych w dydaktyce języka polskiego jako języka edukacji szkolnej cudzoziemców

51%

Jędryka B. K.

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nr 4

39-56

EN

The number of students with the experience of migration has been growing year by year in Polish schools. They need to learn Polish relatively fast for educational purposes. This paper presents, based on a pilot glottodidactic experiment, the observations of how foreign children could be helped to learn Polish using simple math exercises. The demonstrated outline of the didactic innovation is aimed at showing how the repeatability of language sequences in the narration of the exercises affects the development of students’ grammatical and lexical competence.

11

Lingwistyczne podstawy uczenia języków obcych na etapie przedszkolnym

51%

Olpińska-Szkiełko M.

Linguodidactica

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2015

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tom 19

PL

Z chwilą wejścia w życie nowej podstawy programowej wychowania przedszkolnego, nauczenie pierwszego języka obcego na etapie przedszkolnym – będzie to zapewne w większości przypadków język angielski – stanie się obowiązkowe i powszechne. Z tego względu opracowanie podstaw dydaktyki języka obcego na tym etapie edukacyjnym, podobnie jak opracowanie ram programowych kształcenia nauczycieli oraz przygotowanie odpowiednich materiałów dydaktycznych, stanowi palącą potrzebę. W moim przekonaniu nie wystarczy bowiem „przenieść” zasad metodyki nauczania języka obcego na etapie wczesnoszkolnym (klasy 1-3) do przedszkola lub też „dopasować” te zasady do specyfiki edukacji przedszkolnej poprzez uproszczenie lub/i ograniczenie oferty językowej. Dydaktyka językowa na etapie przedszkolnym musi uwzględniać fakt, iż różnice w poziomie rozwoju językowego (w języku ojczystym), poznawczego, emocjonalnego czy społecznego pomiędzy dziećmi w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym są zasadnicze. Z jednej strony dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym nie rozwinęły jeszcze wielu umiejętności, jakie w coraz większym stopniu posiadają dzieci w wieku szkolnym, z drugiej strony wiek przedszkolny (3-5 lat) to etap bardzo intensywnego rozwoju językowego, tzw. okres szczególnej wrażliwości językowej, w którym dzieci do nauki drugiego języka mogą jeszcze stosować strategie, które pozwalają im na skuteczne opanowanie języka pierwszego. Współczesny stan badań lingwistycznych, w szczególności badań nad procesami akwizycji pierwszego języka oraz drugiego języka w warunkach naturalnych, a także badań glottodydaktycznych, pozwala na sformułowanie wniosków i postulatów dotyczących zasad dydaktycznych nauczania języków obcych na etapie przedszkolnym. Ich prezentacja jest celem mojego artykułu.

EN

The article deals with the implications of the linguistic study of the first language acquisition, bilingualism and bilingual education in second/foreign language teaching in the earliest educational stage i.e. in pre-school children. The article touches upon the didactic and methodological problems of language teaching at that level. English teaching materials for young learners are analyzed and compared with Polish integrated learning materials. The analysis results in some conclusions for the didactic process. In the context of the theoretical issues, some principles for the composing of didactic materials, teaching forms and activities, adequate tasks and contents of a language lesson are described.