Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Hierarchical System of Speech Acts

100%

Kiklewicz A.

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2011

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tom 53

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nr 1

65-81

EN

The author discusses the problem of speech acts classification on the basis of the pragmatic function. The relevant elements of context, on the example control of the announcement directly to target addressee or to third parties, are also taken into account. The classification of speech acts proposed by the author has a dichotomous as well as a hierarchical character. The author distinguishes and describes the following types of speech acts: inventional vs. conventional; communicative vs. uncommunicative; polite vs. customary; representative vs. performative; expositive vs. verdictive; causative vs. deliberative; descriptive vs. declarative; directive vs. commissive; initiative vs. reactive; extentional vs. intentional; appellative vs. creative; cooperative vs. magic.

2

Уступительность как метатекстовое явление

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Bogusławski A.

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2010

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tom 52

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nr 1

7-13

3

The Case of Interactive Metaphor

100%

Kiklewicz A.

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2011

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tom 53

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nr 2

35-47

EN

The author analyses the limits of metamorphosis, i.e. possibility of an utterance with idiomatic or non-conventional, disturbing selection requirements of syntagmatic components being considered as metaphorical. The phenomena of metaphor and metonymy are interpreted from the point of view of condensation of surface structure of a sentence, as well as from the point of view of intentional semantics. The author presents elements of metaphor theory as a pragmatic re-codification, treating metaphor as a kind of "multi-vocality" or an intertext.

4

Русская и польская эмоцио- нально-оценочная фразеология (опыт прагмалингвистического исследования)

80%

Ахметович Зайнульдинов А. , Т Шмидт Д.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2011

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tom 154

173-182

EN

The present work investigates the pragmatic aspect of meaning based on Russian and Polish phraseology with positive and negative emotional evaluation. Such kind of investigation helps to resolve various problems with lexicographical marks and create a new improved system of expressive marks. The authors think that the emotional evaluation can be defined with quite objective characteristics. The new type of classification is offered based on GLT (lexical-thematic groups).

5

For a Relational Critical Discourse Analysis

80%

Zarycki T.

Stan Rzeczy

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2017

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nr 1(12) The Relational Turn in Sociology: Implications for the Study of Society, Culture, and Persons

302-328

EN

This paper proposes a relational and critical sociological perspective on discourse analysis, in particular on so-called “Critical Discourse Analysis” (CDA). The main argument of this paper is that CDA has not yet been able to turn its critical perspective towards its own field. Meanwhile, neither CDA nor other schools of discourse analysis can still pretend not to be integral parts of the system legitimizing social hierarchies in modern societies. The paper argues that discourse analysis can be seen as highly dependent on power relations, both because of its institutional positioning and because of its restricted reflexivity. A call for the development of a critical sociology of discourse analysis based on a relational approach is therefore presented. Its draft programme is largely based on inspiration from the sociology of knowledge, in particular from “the sociology of sociology” of Pierre Bourdieu.

6

KONWERSACJA JAKO FENOMEN SPOŁECZNY I JAKO PRZEDMIOT BADAŃ

80%

Przywara P.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2013

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nr 1(11)

7-25 (19)

EN

The paper deals with the relationship between conversation and different contexts as well as constraints of research which appear within scientific disciplines analysing interpersonal communication, especially within pragmatics. It is pointed that the studies on conversation ought to be reinforced with an epistemological approach.

7

MOSAICS FALL APART IN DIFFERENT WAYS: EXPLORING VARIATION IN COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN PATTERNS IN THREE APHASIC PATIENTS

80%

Chatzopoulos G. , Loutrari A. , Díaz–Martínez F. , Kouki E.-P. , Proios H.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2018

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tom 16(4)

391-404

EN

In addition to linguistic impairments, the cognitive underpinnings of pragmatic abilities in aphasic individuals can be severely compromised. Impairments include incoherent discourse and other speech organization deficits. At the same time, preserved pragmatic patterns reveal communicative abilities that can go unnoticed if only standardized screening tests are used. Conversational Partners also appear to play a role in mitigating compromised linguistic ability. Although some tools assessing the communicative abilities of neurological patients have been recently employed, the question of whether pragmatic performance declines in consistent patterns remains poorly understood. We applied the Pragmatic Evaluation Protocol – Revised (PREP-R) to video-recorded interviews of Greek individuals with aphasia, presented here as separate case studies. The tool offers a detailed account of pragmatic ability across 29 distinct categories and consists of three distinct subcomponents, namely enunciative pragmatics, textual pragmatics, and interactional pragmatics. Our results showed considerable variation in the performance of each patient and across our three aphasic patients. We also found that the role of the Key Conversational Partner was critical to effective communication, in line with previous research. As the communication repertoire of each of our participants was found to be highly idiosyncratic, we propose that further research should shift away from the mere evaluation of isolated verbal abilities.

8

Speed Traps and the Right of Silence

80%

Kurzon D. , Department of English U. o. H.

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tom 9

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nr 1

EN

As well as a study on the right of silence with regard to written texts, this paper also investigates the two cases in terms of icons and indices: a text may be indexical of a basic human right, and then may become an icon of that right. The European Court of Human Rights considers the particular section of the relevant statute as an icon of the "regulatory regime".

9

PERFORMING ANAPHORA IN MODERN GREEK: A NEO-GRICEAN PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

80%

Chiou M.

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tom 11

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nr 3

335-358

EN

The paper addresses the problem of interpreting anaphoric NPs in Modern Greek. It includes a proposal of a novel analysis based on the systematic interaction of the neo- Gricean pragmatic principles of communication, which provides a neat and elegant approach to NP-anaphora resolution. The findings of this study provide evidence for an account of NP-anaphora in terms of the division of labour between syntax and pragmatics and more accurately in terms of the systematic interaction of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles.

10

(NON)-DETERMINING THE ORIGINAL SPEAKER: REPORTATIVE PARTICLES VERSUS VERBS

80%

Zubeldia L.

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nr 2

103-130

EN

This work argues that the Basque reportative particle omen contributes to the propositional contents of the utterance, and it is not an illocutionary force indicator, contrary to what seems to be suggested by the standard view on omen. The results of the application of the assent/dissent test for the case of omen show that subjects not only accept a rejection of the reported content (p), but also a rejection of the evidential content (pomen) itself. The results are similar to those of the verb esan ‘to say’. It is, then, proposed that the difference between these two elements can be explained by distinguishing between the contents of the utterances (with Korta & Perry 2007, 2011), regarding the (non-)articulation of the original speaker.

11

A CONCEPT OF GENERAL MEANING: SELECTED THEORIES IN COMPARISON TO SELECTED SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC THEORIES

80%

Kalisz R.

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tom 11

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nr 3

239-249

EN

The paper discusses a concept of general meaning with reference to various relevant semantic and pragmatic theories. It includes references to Slavic axiological semantics (e.g. Krzeszowski (1997); Puzynina (1992)), Wierzbicka’s (e.g. 1980, 1987) atomic expressions and classical pragmatics theories, such as speech acts, Gricean theory of conversational implicature, politeness theory and and relevance theory.

12

SENTENCE ADVERBIALS AND EVIDENTIALITY

80%

Hirschová M.

|

EN

The paper deals with expressions of evidence (originating in perception, inference or reported information) and their role in sentence/utterance pragmatic modification. It concentrates on the role of the so-called sentence adverbials, showing them as scoping / focussing elements the main function of which is a/ to mark focus of an utterance b/ to support speaker´s reasoning. Formal properties of evidential expressions are dissimlar to that point that they cannot be comprised into a unified category.

13

A Linguistic Analysis of Wole Soyinka’s "The Trials of Brother Jero"

80%

Osoba J.

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tom 4

EN

The application of linguistic theories and concepts as tools for analysis of literary works provides one of the most fascinating and illuminating insights into how they may be read, interpreted, and understood. This assumption underlies the objective of this paper in which I attempt to explicate an interpretation of Soyinka’s "The Trials of Brother Jero" through an application of the pragmatics tool of presupposition. Thus an attempt is made in this paper to present a linguistic analysis of the play by an examination of its meaning potentials in terms of presuppositions. In this regard, utterances of two major characters, Jero and Chume, his Assistant, are selected and analysed. It may be interesting to note that fictional characters express presuppositions as much as people in real life. Thus this study is a presentation of an interface between linguistics and literary works. In this linguistic study, literary discourse is exploited using the pragmatic concept of presupposition which underlines and underpins the explanatory adequacy of its explication. Stimulating insights are presented in the interpretation and understanding of Wole Soyinka’s "Trials of Brother Jero" as apiece of dramatic discourse which constitute and promote the interface of linguistic science and literary science.

14

Прагматический анализ избранных высказываний В. Путина

80%

Gliwińska-Kotynia (Гливинска-Котыня) J. Ю. , Łódzki U.

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2011

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tom 07

EN

Wladimir Putin is one of the most well-known politicians in the present international arena. Many prominent writers devoted books to him, in which he is either the positive “spirit of Russia” or the complete opposite of “the father of nation”. Almost each of them sought an answer to the question about who Putin is. Constantly high popularity of Russian prime minister still remains a political puzzle for many analysts. Some even described this tendency as “the Putin's phenomenon”. However, it should be stressed that the analysis of Putin by those scholars concerned only his behaviour. His gestures, his clothing style and also his conduct during negotiations with foreign partners were interpreted. So his facial expression and gestures came first with them. The author tried to present a pragmatic interpretation of linguistic predispositions of this politician. The aim of this work is to answer the question: how Putin, using the meticulous selection of words influences his electorate and manipulates their consciousness. Therefore, the main task of this work is to explain the linguistic phenomenon of Putin, as well as to prove the proposed thesis that the ex-president of the Russian Federation personifies the phenomenon of the political activist not present on the Russian political scene until now.

15

«Разговор с Владимиром Путиным. Продолжение 2009, 2010»: многообразный имидж политика

80%

Gliwińska-Kotynia (Гливинска-Котыня) J. Ю. , Uniwersytet Łódzki K. J. I. R. P.

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2012

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tom 08

EN

The author of the article analyses the last two programmes (from 2009 and 2010) entitled „A Conversation With Vladimir Putin. Continuation” paying attention to the way Putin constructs his public utterances. The analysis includes eight images of Putin: Putin-moralist, Putin-authority, Putin – risk-taker, fair Putin, Putin-„our man”, Putin-workaholic, all-knowing Putin, Putin-reformer. The analysis shows that these kinds of meetings between the Prime Minister and the nation follow a well-developed pattern. Apparently, the language is an instrument of power with which politicians create their own images and reality, and using appropriate methods of social engineering impose their model on people.

16

Semantics and Pragmatics of Non-Canonical Word Order in South Asian Languages: oflag- ‘Begin’ as an Attitude-Marker in Hindi-Urdu

80%

Hook P.

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2011

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tom 53

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nr 2

25-34

EN

This paper examines possible motivations for departures from canonical clause-final word order observed for the finite verb in Hindi-Urdu and other modern Indo-Aryan languages. Depiction of speaker attitude in Premchand's novel godān and the imperatives of journalistic style in TV newscasts are shown to be prime factors. The emergence of V-2 word-order in Kashmiri and other Himalayan languages may have had a parallel history.

17

Pragmatické aspekty ve folklorní slovní zásobě

70%

Nejedlý P.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2011

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nr 2(6)

195-202

EN

The pragmatic aspect of lexical meaning can have a specific function in some lexical units; e.g. the excessive use of both demonstrative verbs and diminutives is a characteristic feature of the Czech (or Moravian) folk song. The function of the pragmatic part of their lexical meaning is - in comparison with other texts - modified: these linguistic components function primarily as a signal of the genre itself.

18

Czy pieprzyć o czymś to 'mówić głupstwa'? Kilka uwag o znaczeniu

70%

Wołk M.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2012

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nr 2(8)

231-244

EN

The article centers on the expression pieprzyć ('talk shit') referring to speaking (thus in the title there appears pieprzyć o czymś ('talk shit about something')). The expression is analyzed as a predicate which can be included in the group of emotionally loaded verbs referring to imperfect, in some respect faulty speaking, similarly to pleść, że_ ('to chatter that_'), mówić od rzeczy ('talk nosense'), chrzanić o czymś ('talk crap about somethng'), pierniczyć o czymś ('fib about something'), pierdolić o czymś ('talk bullshit about something'). Since the analyzed expression is colloquial and emotional, it needs to be checked if these features have a purely pragmatic character, or if they accompany some feature of meaning which would allow one to understand the described word as episthemically deviant. The next task which is undertaken in the article consists in establishing the shape of the analyzed expression. The description of the verb presented in Grochowski's Słownik polskich przekleństw i wulgaryzmów (Dictionary of Polish swear words and vulgarities) constitutes a point of departure in the discussion. The description is valuable in as much as the author applies an idea of describing linguistic units. Although delineating linguistic units with the analyzed word is an essential introduction to the semantic analysis, it was not the most important aim of the article. The interpretation presented here is not a detailed systematic characteristic of the verb pieprzyć, since it is limited to establishing its meaning and shedding some light on selected issues important in the analysis (e.g. whether 'talk shit' is semantically different from simply pieprzyć, or to put it in other words, does pieprzyć always mean 'talk nonsense', or can it mean solely 'talk'?). Also the proposed definition is to be trated as a preliminary version of formula which is to be further modified.

19

When lack of sleep takes its toll on communication: an assessment of pragmatic abilities in two children following sleep deprivation

70%

Chatzopoulos G. , Kouki E.-P. , Evangeliou A. , Malegiannaki A. C. , Loutrari A. , Díaz–Martínez F. , Tsakpounidou K. , Proios H.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2020

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tom 18(1)

77-96

EN

Sleep deprivation affects numerous cognitive processes. Children populations have not been studied thoroughly, with regard to the effect of sleep deprivation on communication abilities. In this study, we investigate the pragmatic competence following acute sleep deprivation. Two eleven-year-old boys were evaluated on their pragmatic ability before and following sleep deprivation. The conversations were video-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the CHAT conventions. The Pragmatic Evaluation Protocol Revised (PREP-R) was administered for the investigation of pragmatic ability. Both children demonstrated a significantly lower performance following acute sleep deprivation. Their specific pragmatic ability and grammatically-based pragmatic ability were impaired. The subjects were unable to use lexical, morphological and syntactic cohesion, and encountered difficulties in the interaction and the managing of pauses. Acute sleep deprivation affects pragmatic competence, mainly due to difficulties in alertness, attention, working memory, and executive dysfunction in general. Variability in the pragmatic ability of the two subjects implies that more studies, focused on the cognitive deficits after sleep deprivation can cast more light on the evaluation of pragmatic ability.

20

Tegelikkuse motestajad: vanasonad poola grafitis

70%

Szpila G.

Mäetagused

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2013

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tom 53

39–54

EN

The paper investigates proverbial elements in Polish mural inscriptions. The main aim of the paper is to consider paremic mural inscriptions with an eye to determining if proverbs are used in Polish graffiti only as content-free play on traditional folk wisdom. The starting point in this analysis is the assumption that proverbs and non-paremic graffiti exhibit both similarities and differences and that most paremic uses in graffiti can be classified as anti-proverbial in character. Many studies suggest that the dominant feature of anti-proverbs is their mocking and humorous nature. The paper then tries to establish if mural anti-proverbs can be treated also as carriers of various sentiments which do not necessarily deny the traditional nuggets of wisdom, but are used to convey observations and truths based on them, which pertain to contemporary reality and regulate it in the same way as traditional paremias do.