Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The use of phytoplankton communities for assessment of water quality in the Wadaslintang Reservoir in Indonesia

100%

Piranti A. S. , Wibowo D. N.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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tom no. 46

170--178

EN

The use of phytoplankton as an indicator of water pollution is a promising tool for assessment of water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine whether diversity indices, including the species richness and diversity of phyto-plankton, could be used for reliable assessment of water quality in the Wadaslintang Reservoir in Indonesia. Surveys were conducted monthly at eight sites, from July 2019 to October 2019. Phytoplankton was collected during the day at 10:00 until approximately 15:00 in the euphotic zone. The parameters investigated were species richness and the abundance of phytoplankton, as well as water quality parameters listed in Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001. The level of pollution was represented biologically by the Shannon–Wiener diversity index and physicochemically by the STORET (storage and retrieval of water quality data) index. Moreover, the two indices were compared to determine whether a particular diversity index was more effective for assessment of this reservoir. The results showed that during the dry season, 22 taxa of phytoplankton were present, belonging to Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, and Euglenophyta. During the wet season, 29 taxa were found, belonging to Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Chrysophyta. Based on the Shannon-Wiener index and STORET index, water quality was better during the wet season than during the dry season. The results of water quality assessment using both indices were consistent, but the diversity index was a more sensitive indicator of pollution levels. Therefore, the Shannon–Wiener index is a useful tool for assessment of water quality in the Wadaslintang Reservoir.

2

The use of phytoplankton communities for assessment of water quality in the Wadaslintang Reservoir in Indonesia

86%

Piranti A. S. , Wibowo D. N. , Piranti A. S. , Wibowo D. N.

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3

Monitoring of selected heavy metals uptake by plants and soils in the area of Torun, Poland

72%

Buszewski B. , Jastrzebska A. , Kowalkowski T. , Gorna-Binkul A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2000

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tom 09

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nr 6

511-515

EN

Environmental monitoring of selected metals was performed using biota and soil samples. Sampling was carried out during the period March-May and October-November. For the isolation of these analytes, conventional extraction and microwave mineralization techniques were applied. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) equipped with Graphite Furnace (GF) was used to determine heavy metals and macroelements. The obtained data were compared with the respective values recommended by the Polish Standards. Popular bioindicators were used to estimate the level of pollution by heavy metals of Torun, Poland. Application of the established sampling procedures for environmental samples and determination methods for xenobiotics can be successfully applied for the purpose of routine analyses in biomonitoring.

4

Analiza skuteczności odmulania zbiorników wodnych Cierpisz i Kamionka jako efektywnej metody rekultywacji ekosystemów eutroficznych

72%

Bartoszek L. , Gruca-Rokosz R. , Koszelnik P.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2017

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tom Tom 19

600--617

PL

Odmulanie zbiornika jest jego jednoczesnym pogłębieniem i polega na usunięciu z jego czaszy nagromadzonych przez lata osadów dennych. Jest to najczęściej stosowana metoda rekultywacji płytkich, silnie zdegradowanych zbiorników małej retencji. Obiektami badawczymi były dwa zbiorniki małej retencji utworzone na rzece Tuszymka Duża na Podkarpaciu. Zbiornik wodny w Cierpiszu (o pojemności 22 tyś m3) powstał w roku 1953 i był poddany odmulaniu w roku 1990, natomiast zbiornik wodny w Kamionce (o pojemności 105 tyś m3) powstał w roku 1957 i został zmodernizowany oraz odmulony w roku 2007. Badania prowadzono w dwóch sezonach wegetacyjnych lat 2013 i 2014. Próbki wody i osadów dennych pobrano czterokrotnie w 2013 roku oraz pięciokrotnie w 2014 roku z 2 stanowisk badawczych na zbiorniku Cierpisz i 3 stanowisk badawczych na zbiorniku Kamionka. Zarówno w zbiorniku Kamionka, jak i w zbiorniku Cierpisz pomimo zaawansowanej eutrofizacji wód osady denne były bardzo ubogie pod względem zawartości materii organicznej, fosforu i azotu. Również zanieczyszczenie osadów metalami ciężkimi było umiarkowane i za wyjątkiem kadmu, chromu i ołowiu nie przekraczało tła geochemicznego. Ogólnie niska zawartość fosforu i materii organicznej nie wskazuje na możliwość występowania zasilania wewnętrznego toni wodnej i wpływu osadów na postęp procesu eutrofizacji w obu zbiornikach. Ilość nagromadzonych substancji w osadach obu zbiorników była nieco zróżnicowana i nie było to powiązane z okresem odmulania, lecz z oddziaływaniem antropogenicznym zlewni i warunkami hydrologicznymi.

EN

Reservoir desludging is its simultaneous deepening and involves the removal of the accumulated over the years sediments from the bowl. It is the most commonly used method of recultivation of the shallow, strongly degraded small retention reservoirs. Two small retention reservoirs created on the river Tuszymka Duża (Sub-Carpathian region) were the research objects. The reservoir in Cierpisz (with a capacity of 22,000 m3) was formed in 1953 and was subjected to desludging in 1990, whereas the reservoir in Kamionka (with a capacity of 105,000 m3) was formed in 1957 and modernized and dredged in 2007. The research was conducted in two vegetation seasons the years 2013 and 2014. The samples of water and sediments were collected four times in 2013 and five in 2014 from 2 stations on the Cierpisz reservoir and 3 stations on the Kamionka reservoir. The sediments both of Kamionka and Cierpisz reservoirs despite the advanced eutrophication were very poor in terms of organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen contents. Also, contamination of the sediments with heavy metals was moderate and except for cadmium, chromium and lead did not exceed the geochemical background. Generally, low content of phosphorus and organic matter does not indicate possibility of the occurrence of the internal supply of the water column and the sediment impact on the progress of eutrophication in both reservoirs. The amount of the accumulated substances in the sediments of the two reservoirs was slightly differentiated, and it was not related to the period of the desludging, but with the anthropogenic impact of the catchment and hydrological conditions.

5

Bacteriological and parasitological pollution of the natural environment in the vicinity of a pig farm

72%

Tymczyna L. , Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska A. , Saba L.

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nr 3

EN

The objective of this research was to evaluate bacteriological and parasitological pollution levels of soil, groundwater, surface water and river sediment in the vicinity of a pig farm. The microbiological examinations of soil and water environment within the pig farm area and around it showed considerable pollution with animal droppings and municipal sewage coming from a breeding farm and farm buildings. This was confirmed by the results of examinations based on isolation of bacteria that make intestinal natural microflora: Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens and enterococcus. In the soil environment there were also determined bacteria Salmonella sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., Klebsiella sp., Micrococcus sp., Enter obacter aerogenes, Citrobacter sp.y and Corynebacterium sp., as well as fungi of Candida genus. The soil within the farm and around it was infected with eggs and larvae of worms of Strongylidae and Trichostrongylidae genus, eggs of nematodes of Trichuris genus, Ascaris suum eggs and oocysts of Eimeria genus. Despite a systematic animal disinfestation at the yard for gilts and boars there still occurred great quantities of parasites.

6

Distribution of pollutants in the Odra River system. Part I. General description of the International Odra Project [IOP]

72%

Helios-Rybicka E. , Knochel A. , Meyer A. K. , Protasowicki M. , Poprawski L. , Wolska L. , Namiesnik J.

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nr 6

EN

Part I describes the organizogram and objectives of the International Odra Project (IOP) for the 1997 – 2001. Scientific teams from Germany and Poland took part in the project. The main objective of the IOP program was to describe the status, trend dynamics and metabolic pathways of all types of pollution in the Odra river basin. A scientific task realized by the team from ...... University of Technology (GUT) was to assess the pollution level of organic compounds in water and sediments from the Odra river catchment area. Parts II and III will present the results obtained by the GUT team, which consist of determinations of organic pollutants in water and sediments. The assessment of heavy metals contamination and its mobilisation in water, suspended matter and bottom sediments of the upper and middle Odra river was the main task of the research group from the University of Mining and Metallurgy in Krakow. The obtained results are presented in Parts IV and V.

7

Trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediment samples from the Narew River [Poland]

72%

Baran S. , Oleszczuk P. , Lesiuk A. , Baranowska E.

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nr 4

EN

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metals were analysed in surface sediments of the Narew River (north-eastern Poland). Sediment samples originated from sites with a differentiated human influence starting with the unpolluted areas (the Biaµowie.a Forest / Puszcza Biaµowieska, the so-called şgreen lungs of Polandş) to the areas in the neighbourhood of small towns in northeastern Poland. Marked differences in pollution levels of the above areas were observed. The PAH contents range from 21-600 mg/kg, with a dominant share of low molecular PAHs. The sediment pollution level with trace metals was relatively low. None of the metals determined (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) occurred in an amount that could have created a risk to water organisms.

8

A comparative study of the performance of a low heat rejection engine with three different levels of insulation with vegetable oil operation

71%

Murali Krishna, M.V.S , Janardhan N. , Murthy P. V. K. , Ushasri P. , Naga Sarada S. , Murali Krishna, M.V.S , Janardhan N. , Murthy P. V. K. , Ushasri P. , Naga Sarada S.

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9

Potential for recultivation and for development of mariculture in Jamno Lake through flushing in with sea water

58%

Piesik Z.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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1998

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tom 02

10

The influence of building regulations on the efficiency and pollution level of the heating system

58%

Napiórkowska A. , Laska M. , Isańska-Ćwiek A.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2010

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tom Vol. 36, nr 3

5-14

EN

In order to adjust Polish regulations to the Energy Performance of Building Directive, new requirements have been introduced to Polish legislation. The well known Polish Standard PN-B-03406:1994 has been replaced by new PN-EN 12831 which raises a lot of controversies especially regarding the final results of heat load calculations based on the described procedures. The paper indicates possible discrepancies in calculation results arising from imprecise guidelines and the consequences of relying on the results gained by the described method. Additionally, later aspects of the system operation and their negative influence on the estimated efficiency level and CO2 emission have been analyzed.

11

The use of wetlands for the monitoring of non-point source air pollution

58%

Malawska M. , Ekonomiuk A.

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nr 1

57-70

EN

The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in plant and organic soil from 14 peatland sites in NE Poland and 7 peatland sites in SE Poland have been investigated. The total PAH concentration in the leaves of Ledum palustre collected from peatlands in NE Poland ranged from 232 ng/g to 1523 ng/g and was higher than the total PAH concentration in pine needles (Pinus sylvestris) taken from those same peatlands (the values ranged from 181 to307 ng/g). A similar trend was observed in the case of plants from the peatlands in SE Poland, except that the overall PAH concentration in the majority of the plant samples was found to be higher than those found in NE Poland. Phenanthrene and fluoranthene had the biggest share in the overall PAH concentration in all the peat and plant samples. The lack of 5- and 6-ringed PAHs in the plant and soil material indicates the lack of any direct emission sources of these compounds in regions adjacent to those examined in the study. Total sum of PAH pollution levels in peats and plants as well as vertical distribution of the concentrations in the soil profile of particular study sites integrates long-range pollution sources. To compare natural and antropogenic PAH input in the pealtlands, we have used parent PAH ratios: ANT/(ANT&PHE); FLT/(FLT&PYR). Our data suggest that PAHs with four and more rings do not allow a simple segregation into combustion or petroleum sources.

12

A pilot study on anthropogenic faecal pollution impact in Bahir Dar Gulf of Lake Tana, Northern Ethiopia

58%

Goshu G. , Byamukama D. , Manafi M. , Kirschner A. K. T. , Farnleitner A. H.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2010

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tom 10

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nr 2-4

EN

The anthropogenic effect on faecal and chemical pollution at Bahir Dar Gulf of Lake Tana, Ethiopia was investigated in the period of October 2006 to February 2007. Faecal and physicochemical pollution levels were significantly increased and clearly discernible in the Bahir Dar Gulf locations as compared to presumptively anthropogenic uninfluenced reference locations near the outlet of the Blue Nile River of Lake Tana. One directly sewage influenced lake site at Bahir Dar Gulf was found to be excessively faecally polluted. The total pooled data set from the study for faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens spores ranged from not detectable (n.d.) to log 6.2 CFU, n.d. to log 6.1 CFU and n.d. to log 1.7 CFU per 100 ml, respectively. A high variation was also observable for the physicochemical parameters including the spectral absorption coefficient at 254 nm, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids and pH values. Although the data have to be considered preliminary, it strongly points to the need for systematic water quality monitoring of Lake Tana and its potential impact sources. This is all the more important as the lake is the largest freshwater body in the country serving a multipurpose role and being identified as a growth corridor of the country.

13

Variability of morphometric leaf traits in small-leaved linden [Tilia cordata Mill.] under the influence of air pollution

58%

Kosiba P.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2008

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tom 77

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nr 2

EN

The study concerns the ecological responses of Tilia cordata Mill. to pollution and describes the advantages of estimating of the degree of environmental pollution. The aim was, to find out whether the degree of pollution conforms to the contents of the investigated elements in leaves, the assessment of variability of morphometric leaf traits and the cationic equilibrium values. The study has shown a statistically significant differentiation between the analysed sites in respect of dust fall, concentrations of elements in soils and leaves, morphometric traits of leaves and the cationic equilibrium. The hierarchical tree plot of cluster analysis qualified the sites as polluted and non-polluted. In polluted sites the contents of metals in leaves were significantly higher and the cationic equilibrium in leaves was disturbed. The surface, width and asymmetry of leaves, and also the variability of these measures were higher in polluted sites. In sites, which are not directly affected by pollution the cationic equilibrium is close to the const. value, whereas leaf traits have shown the lowest values and a considerably lower variability. The investigations show that leaf traits and cationic equilibrium correspond to the level of pollution and can be used as a tool for evaluation of the environment status.

14

Chloroplast pigment in cultivated black pine [Pinus nigra Arnold] needles

58%

Bacic T. , Zahirovic Z.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2000

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tom 42

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nr 1

EN

Every month during the course of a year, content of chlorophylls a and b and of carotenoids was tested spectrophotometrically in needles of cultivated black pine trees (Pinus nigra Arnold) from three localities distinguished by their pollution levels, tree ages and soil concentrations of Mg and Fe. Pigment content fluctuated, increasing during the summer and decreasing during the autumn months, and tended to correlate negatively with pollution level. There was a possible effect of tree age on pigment content. The chlorophyll a : b ratio varied independently of pollution level and locality.

15

A comparative study of the performance of a low heat rejection engine with three different levels of insulation with vegetable oil operation

51%

Murali Krishna M. V. S. , Janardhan N. , Murthy P. V. K. , Ushasri P. , Sarada N.

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2012

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tom Vol. LIX, nr 1

101-128

EN

Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine consisting of different versions, such as ceramic coated cylinder head engine-LHR-1-Air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner-LHR-2- and Ceramic coated cylinder head, air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner -LHR-3 with degrees of insulation with normal temperature condition of linseed oil with varied injection pressure. Performance parameters were determined at various magnitudes of brake mean effective pressure. Pollution levels of smoke and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were recorded at the peak load operation of the engine. Combustion characteristics of the engine were measured with TDC (top dead centre) encoder, pressure transducer, console and special pressure-crank angle software package. Conventional engine (CE) showed deteriorated performance, while LHR engine showed improved performance at recommended injection timing of 27 degrees bTDC and recommend injection pressure of 190 bar with vegetable oil operation, when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. Peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 14%, smoke levels decreased by 10% and NOx levels increased by 30% with LHR engine at an injection pressure of 270 bar when compared with pure diesel operation on CE at manufacturer's recommended injection timing.

PL

Wykonano badania mające na celu ocenę osiągów silnika wysokoprężnego o małych stratach ciepła (Low Heat Rejection, LHR). Badano różne wersje izolacji cieplnej, takie jak głowica cylindra z powłoką ceramiczną (LHR-1), tłok i tuleja cylindra izolowane szczelinami powietrznymi (LHT-2), głowica cylindra z powłoką ceramiczną oraz tłok i tuleja cylindra izolowane szczelinami powietrznymi (LHR-3). Badania wykonano dla różnego stopnia izolacji, w normalnych warunkach temperaturowych, przy różnych ciśnieniach wtrysku paliwa (oleju lnianego). Parametry robocze wyznaczono dla różnych wartości ciśnienia użytecznego. Poziomy zanieczyszczeń dymem i tlenkami azotu (NOx) były mierzone w warunkach szczytowego obciążenia silnika. Przy pomiarze charakterystyk spalania silnika wykorzystano koder TDC (górnego martwego punktu), przetwornik ciśnienia, konsolę i specjalny pakiet programowy do wyznaczania zależności ciśnienie - kąt obrotu wału korbowego. Silnik konwencjonalny (CE), napędzany czystym olejem dieslowskim, wykazywał gorsze działanie. W porównaniu z nim, sinik o małych stratach ciepła (LHR), napędzany olejem roślinnym, miał lepsze parametry robocze przy zalecanym kącie wyprzedzenia wtrysku 27 stopni przed GMP i zalecanym ciśnieniu wtrysku 190 bar. Dla silnika typu LHR z optymalnym kątem wyprzedzenia wtrysku i przy maksymalnym zasysaniu etanolu, szczytowa sprawność cieplna była większa o 18%, poziom zawartości dymu mniejszy o 48%, a zawartość tlenków azotu mniejsza o 38% w porównaniu z silnikiem konwencjonalnym (CE), z czystym paliwem dieslowskim, przy zalecanym przez producenta kącie wyprzedzenia wtrysku.

16

Distribution of heavy metals in the River Ulla and its estuary [North-West Spain]

51%

Belzunce Segarra M. J. , Helios-Rybicka E. , Prego R.

Oceanological Studies

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1997

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tom 26

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nr 2-3

17

Rozpoznanie stopnia skazenia chromem gleb i wod w okolicy skladowiska odpadow garbarskich k.Lubartowa [Polska]

44%

Stepniewska Z. , Bucior K.

Acta Agrophysica

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1999

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tom 22

187-197

PL

Publikacja przedstawia skażenie gleby, wód i roślin przez chrom w okolicy składowiska odpadów garbarskich w Lubartowie. Przez ponad 20 lat odpady z garbarni zawierające duże ilości chromu były składowane w niezabezpieczonym wyrobisku piaskowym, które leży tuż przy rzece Wieprz. Wyniki naszych badań porównane są z wynikami raportów z początku lat 90 dotyczących skażenia chromem okolicy Lubartowa. Przedstawione jest porównanie dwóch metod określania stężenia chromu w glebie. Wyniki pokazują, że okolica składowiska odpadów jest wciąż skażona i wymaga poważnego programu oczyszczenia jej i przywrócenia do stanu przed składowaniem odpadów.

EN

The article presents contamination of soil, water and plant with chrominum in the vicinity of tannery waste lagoon in Lubartow. reach in chrominum wastes from the tannery have been gathered for more than 20 years in usealed basin which was situated close to the Wieprz river.results of our investigations are compared with reports on chrominum contamination of the same object but coming from early nineties. Two methods of total chrominum determination in soils are compared. The results show that the area of waste disposal is still contaminated and a serious remediation program is needed.

18

Jakosc mikrobiologiczna wybranych produktow garmazeryjnych

36%

Oltuszak-Walczak E.

Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość. Suplement

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2006

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tom 13

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nr 1

80-85

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena jakości mikrobiologicznej produktów garmażeryjnych typu ready-to-eat i ready-to-cook, dostępnych w sieci handlu detalicznego. Wszystkie próby były badane w okresie przydatności do spożycia. Badania mikrobiologiczne, wykonane zgodnie z zaleceniami Polskich Norm, obejmowały oznaczenie: ogólnej liczby bakterii mezofilnych tlenowych, drożdży i pleśni, bakterii beztlenowych przetrwalnikujących, bakterii z grupy coli oraz bakterii chorobotwórczych Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella ssp., Bacillus cereus. Wyniki badań wykazały zróżnicowany stopień zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego produktów. Większość badanych prób charakteryzowała się wysoką ogólną liczbą drobnoustrojów. Wskaźniki stanu sanitarnego wyrobów garmażeryjnych były na niskim poziomie, jednak większość produktów spełniała wymagania norm w tym zakresie. W badanych wyrobach nie stwierdzono obecności bakterii chorobotwórczych Salmonella, natomiast w jednej próbie stwierdzono obecność Staphylococcus aureus i w dwóch próbach Bacillus cereus.

EN

The objective of the paper was to evaluate the microbiological quality of prepared (i.e. ready-to-eat and/or ready-to-cook type) food products available in the chains of food stores. All the samples were analyzed during the food products' shelf life periods. The microbiological analyses were carried out pursuant to the guidelines as pointed out in the PN-EN-ISO standard, and aimed at the determination of the total count of the following microorganisms: aerobic mesophillic bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi, aerobic spore-forming bacteria, coliforms, as well as food pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Bacillus cereus. The results obtained showed diverse levels of the microbiological contamination in the food products investigated. The majority of samples were characterized by a high total count of bacteria. The levels of hygienic condition indices of the prepared food products analysed were low, however the majority of samples fulfilled the mandatory requirements under the respective standards. In the samples analyzed, there were found no pathogenic bacteria of Salmonella spp., but the Staphylococcus aureus pathogens occurred in one sample, and Bacillus cereus - in two samples.

19

Changes in heavy metal accumulation in Enteromorpha spp. from the Gulf of Gdansk

36%

Haroon A. M. , Szaniawska A. , Surosz W.

Oceanologia

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1995

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tom 37

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nr 1