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1
Content available II wojna światowa jako przyczyna zmian w podziale administracyjnym Kościoła katolickiego. Przykład diecezji Görlitz
100%
Pieniężny D.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2024
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tom 1(41)
106-126
EN
War is a huge political change, which, in addition to its social, political, or economic effects, also has other effects. One of these may be the impact on churches and religious associations, especially on their organizational and administrative structures. An excellent example confirming this thesis is World War II, after which the organization of the Catholic Church in Europe was transformed and the Holy See revised the boundaries of archdioceses and dioceses in various countries for almost 50 years. In this article, the author addressed the specific case of the creation of the Diocese of Görlitz, which is the smallest diocese in modern Germany. Through his analysis he showed that the war has a huge impact on the functioning and efficient management in the Catholic Church and causes legal and interpretative difficulties in its administrative division and consequently, the division of competencies, while requiring delicacy, since strictly religious documents can be perceived in an explicitly political way.
2
Content available Podejścia teoretyczne do badania demokratyzacji i autokratyzacji na poziomie lokalnym i regionalnym
100%
Szymański A.
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
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2020
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tom 18
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nr 2
57-74
EN
In the literature on democratization and autocratization, one of the areas which clearly shows a gap in the theoretical framework is a very important territorial dimension of theseprocesses. This article is aimed at proposing the theoretical approaches based on two main pillars, which can be used in studies on democratization and autocratization at the subnational levels. The first one refers to democracy and changes of political regimes (approaches to democratization / autocratization and more static issues of the quality of democracy and local democracy). The second one refers to the territorial politics, accounting for the multilevel and network governance as well as theories of decentralization. Eventually, the author also presents possible preliminary directions of research, within which the territorial politics can be either an independent, alternatively intervening variable (studies on causes of changes regarding the political regime) or a dependent variable (analysis of effects of these changes).
3
Particular art. On the artistic work of Łukasz Surowiec
100%
Kosterska A.
Anthropos?
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2016
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nr 25 Na uboczu
145-157
EN
Based on an analysis of the works of Łukasz Surowiec, demonstrated at the exhibition Dziady (2013) in The Bunkier Sztuki Gallery in Cracow, the author examines the ways in which Surowiec's art interferes with the realm of political. She draws on the concepts of Jacques Ranciere's le partage du sensible and Andrzej Turowski's particular art to point on some innovative strategies the artist uses in order to subvert the existing, stabilized visual regimes of homelessness and social exclusion. The aim of this article is to answer the question, if and how the work of Surowiec contributes to a political change.
4
Content available The Process of Acquiring Political Relevance of Law and Justice Elections
88%
Budny M.
Political Preferences
|
2022
|
tom 30
|
nr 2
45-59
EN
Political relevance is one of the most essential elements of political subjectivity. The process of its acquisition by political parties is not only a factor of their success, but also the foundation of their ability to influence the sphere of current politics. The political relevance of political parties combines both the institutional dimension of political processes and the practice of competition in three dimensions: electoral, parliamentary and cabinet. Only when parties are able to participate in all the three dimensions will they be able to perform the most important functions. The following article presents a specific dimension of acquiring political relevance, which is the management of political change.
5
Trajektoria trwania opancerzonych demokracji
75%
Bäcker R. , Rak J.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2019
|
tom 41
|
nr 3
63-82
EN
The theoretical category of militant democracy in Karl Loevenstein’s meaning is described well in world scholarly literature. Notwithstanding, there is no comprehensive typology of militant democracy which would allow for identifying and diversifying various political regimes which meet the distinctive features of the Weberian ideal type of militant democracy. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to formulate a typology of militant democracies which would be a useful analytical tool for studying diverse political regimes. Importantly, this paper contributes to the field by proposing the framework of the theory, i.e., militant democracies’ trajectory of continuance which consists of the types of militant democracies and the relationships between them. It is significant to assume that the subjects of militant democracy use offensive and defensive strategies which are characterised by the following degrees of intensity: low, moderate, and high. Hence, nine types of these strategies’ configurations are determined. They generate nine types of militant democracies. Moreover, there are nine factorial relationships between them, which are useful for assessing whether and how empirical exemplifications of political regimes change. This proposal of the typology of militant democracies is highly applicable to empirical studies and worth developing in a theoretical way on the basis of new criteria such as the potential of regime regeneration.
6
The economic and financial situation of the wood industry in Poland in the years 2006-2013
75%
Golas Z.
Intercathedra
|
2015
|
tom 31
|
nr 1
EN
The primary aim of this study was to assess changes in the economic and financial status of the wood industry in Poland in the period of 2006-2013. This evaluation focused on basic economic and financial factors describing changes in the wood industry in terms of revenue, costs, financial results, sale prices, export activity, exchange rates, liquidity, debt, cost efficiency and resource productivity as well as profitability. The conducted analysis showed that after a deep crisis in the wood sector in 2008 the financial situation improved markedly in the next years. The advantageous course of changes was connected first of all with increased income and reduced general expenses, resulting in a considerable increase in yields from sales as well as returns on assets and equity. Generally, no significant changes were observed in the case of other areas and criteria applied in the evaluation of financial standing in the wood sector, i.e. liquidity, indebtedness and efficiency. However, a characteristic feature of the analyzed period was connected with a considerable increase in labor efficiency. In the years 2006-2013 labor efficiency in the timber industry increased in actual terms by as much as approx. 50%, which to a considerable degree determined the reduction of unit costs and the increase in profitability.
7
Content available Socjalizacja polityczna w przebiegu życia – perspektywa kontynuacji i zmiany
75%
Hildebrandt-Wypych D.
Studia Edukacyjne
|
2018
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nr 49
373-400
EN
The following text presents various alternative theoretical approaches in political socialization research. Some of the theoretical insights provided by the functional, systemic and interpretative perspectives are identifiedin order to depict the discussion around the continuity and change within the political socialization research. Whereas in the firstperiod of political socialization research the aim was to explain the continuity in the development of political orientations, it was later forced to account for modificationand the potential for change (especially when addressing the interpretative issues of identity politics). After describing the field’stheoretical shifts, the life-course model of political socialization is presented. The life-course model attempts to deal with the problem of continuity and change in the political socialization process, pointing to its remarkable complexity and lifelong flexibility.It offers a systematic, interdisciplinary and holistic way of conceptualizing political socialization. It points to the importance of political socialization research in demonstrating interdependence between objective functions of the political system and subjective political learning of a reflexive individual.
8
Content available The challenging path to establish general practice in an academic environment - the case of the Czech Republic
63%
Seifert B.
Medical Science Pulse
|
2018
|
tom 12
|
nr 1
EN
The academic development of general practice (GP) within countries of Central and Eastern Europe began only after the political changes in the 1990s. From a research perspective GP has a reputation for being amongst the least intellectually rigorous clinical disciplines. This has several serious consequences; loss of self-confidence, lack of attractiveness as an intellectual discipline and less application of critical thinking in routine clinical work. The only solution is an effort to develop research in primary care, as this is the ultimate attribute of scientifically oriented disciplines such as medicine. GP research in the Czech Republic has a low level of awareness and support. Its development is slow and faces many barriers; lack of financial resources, lack of leading personalities within the field, lack of ideas, lack of scientific education, lack of experience, and insufficient research capacity. As GPs, we do not have enough skills to write and publish scientific papers. Research is also not recognised as an essential component of GP training. However, research in primary care is developing and here I present several successful research projects within our department. Research has been proposed as a vital agenda towards the new concept of general practice, as recently presented to the government by the Society of GPs.
9
Brytyjski system partyjny w XXI wieku – ciągłość czy zmiana? / British party system in XXI century: continuity or change?
63%
Zuba K.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
|
2012
|
tom 19
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nr 1
97-113
PL
Artykuł analizuje zmiany, które w ramach systemu partyjnego Wielkiej Brytanii ujawniły się w okresie 1997-2010. Dotyczy to takich zjawisk, jak: radykalny spadek członkostwa w partiach, zanik lojalności elektoratów partyjnych, oligarchizacja partii, wzrost znaczenia przywódców, zanik ideologii i będące tego następstwem przesunięcie się głównych partii w kierunku centrum. Większość z omawianych zjawisk jest wynikiem procesów długookresowych, jednakże ich kumulacja i skutki szczególnie mocno ujawniły się po wyborach 1997 r. Podstawową tezą wypływającą z niniejszej analizy jest twierdzenie, że: Nowa jakość w ramach brytyjskiego systemu partyjnego od końca XX w. polega na tym, iż zachodzące już wcześniej zmiany na poziomie elektoralnym doczekały się „instytucjonalnego wsparcia” w postaci reform ustrojowych
10
Karl Popper about totalitarianism: ideas and practices
63%
Wandyszew W. N.
Humanistyka i Przyrodoznawstwo. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
|
2015
|
tom 21
11
Content available Polska po 1989 roku. Jak ją widzę
63%
Czerniakiewicz J. , Maślak Z.
Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa
|
2019
|
nr 7
13-24
PL
W artykule autorzy dokonali próby oceny zmian systemu prawnego Polski po 1989 r., jakie dokonały się w wyniku demokratycznej transformacji. Po 1989 r dokonano w Polsce szeregu zmian ustrojowych, systemowych, prawnych, gospodarczych oraz społecznych. Konstytucja z 1997 r. określiła ramy systemu sprawowania władzy w Polsce uwzględniając takie te wymagania prawne, które wynikają z przynależności Polski do NATO i Unii Europejskiej. Przemiany podniosły sprawność demokratycznego systemu prawa, dając możliwość efektywnego uczestnictwa obywateli w życiu społecznym. Jednak społeczeństwo w Polsce ma niski poziom zaufania do prawa, sądów oraz sędziów. Polski system prawa po transformacji nie wyzbył się charakteru biurokratycznego, spolityzowanego układem rządzących. Ponadto poszanowanie prawa, które jest modelem postępowania administracji państwowej, jako niezbędne minimum dla jej oceny politycznej, zderza się z konfliktowością polityki i wytwarza funkcjonalne podziały w sferze realizacji demokratycznej natury państwa prawa.
EN
In the article, the author sat tempted to assess the changes in the Polish legal system after 1989, which took place as a result of the democratic transformation. After 1989, a number of political, systemic, legal, economic and social changes were made in Poland. The Constitution of 1997 defined the frame work for the system of governance in Poland and resulting from Poland’s accession to NATO and the European Union. Transformation shave improved the efficiency of the democratic system of law by enabling citizen stop articipate effectively in the life of society. However, society in Poland has a low level of trust in law, courts and judges. The Polish legal system after the transformation did not get rid of its bureaucratic character, politicised by the system of government. Moreover, respect for the rule of law, which is a model of conduct for the state administration, as anecessary minimum for its political assessment, is confronted with conflicts of policy and creates functional divisions in the sphere of implementation of the democratic nature of the rule of law.
12
Factors of cooperation in technical development of farms in Hungary
51%
Baranyai Z. , Takacs I.
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu
|
2007
|
tom 09
|
nr 1
EN
After the political and economic changes of the early 1990s in Hungary, a large number of privatelyowned farms were set up, which continue to be plagued by structural and efficiency problems as well as dilemmas regarding the allocation of resources, largely due to unfounded and improvisative support policies. In Western European agricultural sectors, different forms of cooperation have been established and practised for a long time and have proven adequate; on the other hand, local adaptations are repeatedly unsuccessful because of the reluctance of farmers in Hungary. The study aims at exploring the relationship between the farmers willingness to cooperate and the characteristics of the farm, and at describing the factors or traits that encourage or discourage cooperation. In addition, the paper discusses the efficiency of the currently available forms of cooperation, and assesses the feasibility of a competitive agricultural sector based on the cooperation and association of farmers.
PL
Przeanalizowano czynniki wpływające na rozwój techniczny przedsiębiorstw rolniczych na Węgrzech
13
Content available Political stability as a phenomenon and a potential
51%
Perlikowski Ł.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
|
2021
|
tom 72
229-244
PL
Stabilność polityczna jest kluczową kategorią w ogólnej teorii polityki oraz w analizie systemów politycznych. Wydaje się, że prawidłowe wyznaczenie zakresu semantycznego tego pojęcia oraz właściwe jego zoperacjonalizowanie ma fundamentalne znaczenie zarówno dla naukowych rozważań teoretycznych, jak i empirycznych. W tekście zwrócono uwagę na dwa zasadnicze warianty stabilności (niezmienność i elastyczność) oraz dwa podstawowe aspekty pojęcia stabilności (zjawisko i potencjał). Uporządkowanie konceptualne kwestii stabilności politycznej, poparte przeglądem literatury na ten temat, ma na celu stworzenie podstawy do sformułowania możliwie najbardziej adekwatnego podejścia do badania stabilności systemów politycznych. Celem głównym tekstu jest więc operacjonalizacja pojęcia stabilności, a ponadto wskazanie możliwych konsekwencji badawczych przyjęcia proponowanej perspektywy.
EN
Political stability is a key category in general political theory and in the analysis of political systems. The correct determination of the semantic scope of this concept and its proper operationalization seem to be of fundamental importance for both theoretical and empirical scientific considerations. The text draws attention to two basic variants of stability (invariability and flexibility) and two basic aspects of the concept of stability (phenomenon and potential). The conceptual ordering of the issue of political stability, supported by a literature review on the subject, aims to provide a basis for formulating the most adequate approach to the study of political systems stability. The main purpose of the text is therefore to operationalize the concept of stability and, moreover, to indicate the possible research consequences of adopting the proposed perspective.
14
Level of development of electronic services in Poland compared with the European Union states
51%
Dominiak J.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2011
|
tom 30
|
nr 2
15
Konferencja na temat jakości
38%
Skrzypek E.
Problemy Jakości
|
1998
|
tom 30
|
nr 12
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