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PL
Doświadczenie wegetacyjne z Thuja `Smaragd' przeprowadzono w szklarni nieogrzewanej w Katedrze Nawożenia Roślin Ogrodniczych, Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu. Celem badań było stwierdzenie przydatności dwóch typów nawozów o spowolnionym działaniu, z serii Hortiform do uprawy pojemnikowej Thuja `Smaragd'. Badano wpływ tych nawozów na wzrost i zawartość wybranych składników w łuskach Thuja `Smaragd'. Najwyższe rośliny uzyskano po zastosowaniu nawozu Hortiform Mg w dawce 5,6 g x dm -3. Rośliny nawożone nawozem Hortiform Mg największą masę części nadziemnej uzyskały przy dawce nawozu 11,2 g x dm-3. Natomiast rośliny nawożone nawozem Hortiform pH największą masę części nadziemnej uzyskały przy dawce 5,3 g x dm -3, jednak rośliny przy tym poziomie nawożenia charakteryzowały się słabą jakością i były najniższe. Rośliny w siedmiomiesięcznym okresie uprawy przy zastosowaniu nawozu Hortiform Mg nie wykazywały objawów niedożywienia mineralnego. Za najlepszy do uprawy Thuja `Smaragd' należy uznać nawóz Hortiform Mg w dawce 5,6 g x dm -3.
EN
A vegetation experiment was carried out in an unheated greenhouse in the Department of Horticultural Plant Fertilization of the Poznań University of Life Sciences with Thuja `Smaragd'. Two types of multicomponent fertilizers with slowed down action from Hortiform group were used: Hortiform Mg and Hortiform pH. Influence of these fertilizers was studied on growth and content of chosen nutrients in shuck of Thuja `Smaragd'. The highest plants of Thuja `Smaragd' were obtained after the application to the substrate of Hortiform Mg in the dose of 5.6 g x dm -3. Plants fertilized with Hortiform Mg obtained the highest weight of their above ground plant parts at the dose of 11.2 g x dm -3 of substrate. While plants fertilized with Hortiform pH obtained the highest weight of their aboveground plant parts at the dose of 5.3 g x dm -3 of substrate, but these plants were weak quality and were lowest. Plants in a 7-month period of growing with the application of the fertilizers Hortiform Mg did not show any signs of mineral malnutrition. The best fertilizer for the growing of Thuja `Smaragd' cv. has shown to be Hortiform Mg in the dose of 5.6 g x dm -3.
EN
The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of banana waste biochar on the physiological traits and growth of Paspalum vaginatum under three water treatments (100%, 80%, and 60% of the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil). A plastic pot experiment was done for the germination of paspalum vaginatum. The treatments were the addition of compost, banana waste biochar, or banana waste biochar and compost combination to the soil. We used multiple factor analysis (MFA) to reveal the relationship between the effect of banana waste biochar and the three water regimes on physiological data. The findings revealed that banana waste biochar had an important impacts on all traits under various water supply conditions. The photon yield of PSII of control treatment at three water regimes had the lowest response compared to amended treatments. Changes were observed in chlorophyll pigment among different treatments.
EN
Salinity occurring in intensively used agricultural, industrialized, and urbanized areas is one of the main factors in soil degradation. The effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on plant growth under environmental stresses is still not fully understood. Two experiments were conducted on the response of Asiatic lilies to treatment with colloidal AgNPs. In Experiment I, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of treating 'Osasco' lily bulbs with colloidal AgNPs (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) on growth, flowering, and bulb yield, as well as the production of bulblets. Compared with the control, the applied colloidal AgNPs at all concentrations caused an acceleration of flowering and an increase in bulb diameter and the fresh weight of the aboveground part of the plants and bulbs. In addition, treatment with colloidal AgNPs at concentrations of 100 and 150 ppm increased bulblets’ number and fresh weight. In Experiment II, the effects of colloidal AgNPs (100 ppm) and NaCl stress (600 mM) on the growth parameters, assimilation pigment content, and chemical composition of 'Bright Pixi' lily leaves were evaluated. As a result of the application of colloidal AgNPs, plants flowered faster and had increased height, petal width, fresh bulb weight, bulb diameter, and several scales in the bulb. Under NaCl stress, plants had reduced fresh weight of the aboveground part and bulb, bulb diameter, number of scales in a bulb, and contents of assimilation pigments, N, K, Ca, Cu, Mn and Zn. Colloidal AgNPs offset the adverse effects of salinity on bulb yield by increasing fresh bulb, bulb diameter, and the number of scales in lily bulbs. In conclusion, using colloidal AgNPs can contribute to developing new methods of bulbous plants production and an effective strategy to protect plants from ever-increasing land salinization.
EN
Nowadays, substances stimulating the growth and development of different agricultural plant species are used in intensive farming. Some of such plant growth regulators are Asahi SL and Moddus 250-EC. So far the literature dealing with growth regulators has focused mainly on their effects on deciduous trees. Because no data are available on how those substances affect conifer trees, this paper presents description of experiments on the effects of Asahi SL and Moddus 250-EC on the increase of tree height and branch length of Picea pungens and Thuja occidentalis. The research has proved that morphological features of the plants tested in the experiment varied according to which growth regulator was used and in what month the measurements were taken. Conifer trees sprayed with Asahi SL had a bigger yearly height growth rate and bigger growth of branches than those sprayed with the stimulator Moddus 250-EC.
EN
The purpose of the studies was to determine the effects of Stymjod, a growth regulator, on blue fescue (Festuca glauca) development and morphological characteristics. The experiment was an attempt to determine the effect of different concentrations of Stymjod on the leaf greenness index, the number and length of leaf blades, the length of roots, and the dry weight of roots and leaves. The plant used in the experiment, Festuca glauca, was grown in pots. The following three treatment combinations were used: spraying plants with distilled water only; with Stymjod at a concentration of 2% in the spraying fluid; with Stymjod at a concentration of 4%. Spraying was carried out four times at weekly intervals. It was found that the 2% concentration of Stymjod in the solution significantly improved most morphological. Festuca glauca treated with Stymjod was characterized by better efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus and photosynthetic activity.
EN
In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of vermicomposts (VC) obtained from different mixture rates of same feedstocks on growth and N, P, K nutrition of wheat plant grown on alkaline and acidic soils. For this, 0, 5, 10 and 20 t ha-1 vermicomposts were mixed to the 2 kg soil containing pots. Study was conducted as greenhouse experiment for 3 months. In alkaline soil, VC differences significantly affected plant dry weight (DW) and N, P and K concentrations. Application doses significantly affected plant DW, P and K concentrations. Also, VC x dose interaction had a significant effected on plant P and K concentrations. In acidic soil, application doses affected all parameters significantly. At the same time, vermicompost types had a significant effect on P and K. Interaction of VC x dose also had a significantly effect on N, P, and K concentrations of wheat. Effect types and degree of VC were different on alkaline and acidic soils. It was also seemed that the effect of VC on plant N, P and K nutrition was higher in acidic soil than that in alkaline soil.
EN
The list of species of the plant parasitic nematodes presented in this paper (133 species belonging to 14 families) is based on the results of faunistic research conducted in the Wielkopolska region by Polish nematologists up until the year 2010, and the results obtained from the project “Elaboration of Innovative Methods for Rapid Identification of Nematodes Causing Damage to the Economy” managed by the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. During the two years of the project (2010-2011) we found 21 species of nematodes which had not yet been reported in the list of species from the Wielkopolska region. Two of them were reported for the first time in Poland.
XX
The array of genes isolated and characterised from Craterostigma to date allow many insights to be made into the protection mechanisms underlying the desiccation tolerance phenomenon and drought-induced changes in gene expression. However, more work is necessary to define which gene products positively contribute to stress tolerance and which may be considered as secondary stress metabolites or as gene regulators. It is apparent that the gene regulatory mechanisms involved are complex, but future work with more refined biochemical and genetic approaches, together with the analysis of defined mutants will greatly help to dissect the important area of desiccation perception, perhaps faciliate manipulation of desiccation tolerance in a genetic engineering context, and undoubtedly bring much progress in the coming years.
PL
Wykonano testy kiełkowania na pszenicy, której nasiona zaprawiono prepratami zawierającymi ekstrakt ze Spirulina sp. (Alga Seed Sp.) lub glonów bałtyckich (Alga Seed Premium) uzyskany metodą ekstrakcji nadkrytycznym CO2. Zaprawianie przeprowadzono poprzez wytrząsanie nasion z 3 rożnymi dawkami obu formulacji: 8, 14 i 20 μL na 1 g ziarna, które wyznaczono na podstawie badań wstępnych. Zaprawione nasiona w 9-krotnym powtórzeniu dla każdego z badanych stężeń, pozostawiono do kiełkowania na podłożu z waty przez 11 kolejnych dni, po upływie których dokonano pomiarów mokrej masy roślinnej, wysokości kiełków i długości korzeni. Największy wzrost zielonej części, w warunkach prowadzonego doświadczenia, uzyskano w przypadku nasion zaprawionych Alga Seed Sp. w proporcji 8 μL/g ziarna, osiągając przyrost masy i średniej długości kiełków, odpowiednio o 13 i 7%, w stosunku do serii kontrolnej. Natomiast największy wzrost strefy korzeniowej zaobserwowano po aplikacji na nasiona preparatu Alga Seed Premium w dawce 14 μL/g ziarna.
EN
Wheat seeds (1 g) were coated with 3 doses (8, 14 and 20 μL) of formulation contg. supercrit. CO2 extract from Spirulina sp. or Baltic seaweeds. The treated seeds were cultivated on cotton base for the next 11 days in nineplicate of each sample. The fresh sprout mass, sprout heights and root lengths were detd. and compared with control samples. The best results of the sprout growth were achieved for seeds coated with 8 μL of Spirulina sp. formulation. The coating resulted in increasing the mass yield and the sprout height by approx. 13 and 7%, resp. Baltic seaweeds contg. formulation improved the root development.
EN
An excessive amount of heavy metals negatively affects the environment, causing degradation of large areas throughout the world. Therefore, the effective and inexpensive techniques focused on either removal of those substances or their long-term stabilization in situ need to be improved. We currently propose to use a calamine ecotype of Gypsophila fastigiata (Caryophyllaceae) for biological reclamation of wastes accumulated after Zn-Pb ores enrichment. Plants were cultivated in (1) untreated waste material (control), (2) wastes enriched with mineral fertilizers, and (3) wastes enriched with sewage sludge. Photosynthetic pigments content and electrolyte leakage outside plasma membrane were tested periodically in representative samples. In untreated waste material growth gradually deteriorated during the season. The content of chlorophyll a in leaves taken from control plants decreased more than threefold from 0.51 mg/g f.m. at the beginning to 0.14 mg/g f.m. at the end of the growing season, whereas in treatment with sewage sludge the reduced seasonal variations in photosynthetic pigments content was ascertained (0.78 mg/g f.m. for chl a and 0.20 mg/g f.m. for chl b , both in the spring and autumn) what positively influenced the plant growth. The results indicate that tested G. fastigiata genotype might be used in an assisted revegetation project.
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