Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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The philosophy of fire safety engineering in the shaping of civil engineering development

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Węgrzyński W. , Sulik P.

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tom Vol. 64, nr 4

719--730

EN

This paper presents modern application of fire safety engineering (FSE) in the shaping of civil engineering development. Presented scientific achievements of FSE become tools used in typical modern engineering workflow. Experience gained through successful implementations of these solutions is then further crafted into prescriptive laws that shape future fire safety. This diffusion of knowledge is limited by law requirements themselves, technical limitations, and yet unresolved challenges that are still being worked on by the researchers in this field. This paper aims to present the achievements of the FSE discipline that may and should be used by civil engineers and other participants of the building process. Explanations given for the choices of fire safety engineers allow a better understanding of their gravity by representatives of other engineering branches. That way it is possible to build empathy between different engineering disciplines, which may significantly improve both the building design process and safety of the buildings itself. The chosen framework of this paper is Appendix A to EU Construction Products Regulation defining basic goals for a fire safe building, with a possible application of FSE given for each of these goals. The current framework of performance-based FSE is presented in relation to the Polish legal system, with recommendations on how to improve both FSE and civil engineering in the future.

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Development of hybrid performance‑based optimization algorithm for structures equipped with vibration damper devices

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Ayyash A. j. N. A. , Hejazi F.

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tom Vol. 23, no. 2

art. no. e123, 2023

EN

Nowadays, various types of vibration damping systems are being implemented in different buildings to diminish seismic effects on structures. However, engineers are faced with the challenging task of developing an optimum design for structures utilizing a proper type of damping device based on new techniques such as the performance-based design method. Therefore, this research was aimed at developing a multi-objective optimization algorithm by hybridizing the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) to obtain an optimum design for structures equipped with vibration damper devices based on the performance-based design method. Then, the developed hybrid algorithm (PSOGSA) would be capable of optimizing the damping system simultaneously with the optimized details of the structural sections, including the steel rebars, by satisfying all the design criteria. For this purpose, a special process for the design of structures equipped with vibration damper devices according to the performance-based design method was developed by considering of a wide range of vibration damping systems. The proposed PSOGSA optimization framework was then implemented to design a 12-storey reinforced concrete structure equipped with different types of dampers to minimize the structural weight while satisfying all the prescribed performance-based design acceptance criteria. The results indicated that the proposed optimization method was able to successfully optimize the details of the structural members as well as the type and properties of the damper, which significantly improved the structural response in terms of the formation of plastic hinges and the structural movements.

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Bezpieczeństwo pożarowe budynków – prognozy na przyszłość

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Jaskółowski W.

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tom Nr 52 (4)

116--123

PL

Bezpieczeństwo pożarowe jest jednym z najważniejszych wymagań stawianych współczesnym budynkom. Pomimo coraz większej świadomości społecznej, podejmowanych działań profilaktycznych liczba ofiar pożarów w ostatnich latach ciągle utrzymuje się na stałym poziomie. W związku z tym istnieje konieczność dalszych szeroko zakrojonych wspólnych działań różnych środowisk związanych z ochroną przeciwpożarową, edukacją, ubezpieczeniową i innych. Tylko zintegrowane wielowymiarowe działania mogą przynieść oczekiwany skutek. Ten artykuł ma celu próbę przedstawienia prognoz na przyszłość w zakresie bezpieczeństwa pożarowego budynków, które w bliższej i dalszej perspektywie będą determinować ich poziom bezpieczeństwa pożarowego. Zmiany, na które wskazuje autor, zostały podzielone na trzy sfery: zmiany w technologii materiałowej, zmiany w podejściu do projektowania budynków oraz zmiany społeczne. Oprócz opisu przewidywanych zmian w obszarach, o których mowa powyżej, autor wskazuje na niektóre działania, które należy podjąć, aby osiągnąć najważniejszy cel bezpieczeństwa pożarowego, jakim jest ograniczenie liczby ofiar pożarów budynków i nie tylko.

EN

Fire safety requirements for buildings are one of the most important standards that present buildings must comply with. Despite growing social consciousness and preventive actions taken, the number of fatalities in building fires in recent years remains at the same level. Therefore, it is necessary to intensify efforts of various communities connected with fire safety, education, insurance, etc. Only closely integrated actions of huge impact may result in desired effect. The main goal of this article is to discuss future trends of the standards of building fire safety. They determine the level of fire safety in the long and short term. The changes described by the author were divided into three groups: changes in material science, changes in the approach to building design, social changes. Despite described above topics, the author indicates some actions, that should be taken to achieve the most important objective of fire safety, which is the decrease in fatalities in building fires.