Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 35

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  odkwaszanie
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
1
Content available Odkwaszanie akwarel i pasteli
100%
EN
In the process of preservation of paper artifacts, such as watercolour, gouache or pastel, the usage of water and other solvents is generally avoided. This represents a significant obstacle, which specifically relates to the elimination of acidic paper substrate. The article presents the outcome of our research on the use of Bookkeeper’s deacidification method to preserve this type of objects. Perfluoroheptane organic liquid, which is neutral to inks, dyes and other substances that are sensitive to water and other solvents, is used as a carrier in the deacidification substance – magnesium oxide. It does not cause physical changes in the paper, typical for water treatment – cut and deformed sheets. The article shows the results obtained during the deacidification of eight watercolours and three pastels. The tests, which were continued as the basis previous studies, during which the impact of this method of deacidification on the colour stability of a model watercolour painting was examined, were prepared for two types of securities. The researches came to the conclusion expressed in the article that Bookkeeper deacidification method carried out on the verso is completely safe for the objects and does not cause significant changes in the layer of paint colours.
EN
The nineteenth century witnessed profound transformations in the technology of paper production; consequently, paper lost its age-resistance and books, periodicals and documents from that period onwards represent, as a rule, an unsatisfactory state. A mass–scale deacidification - the only known way of limiting losses in collections from the two centuries - was inaugurated in Poland thanks to the Government 'Acid paper' Programme, realized in 2000-2008. Books and other prints are treated with the Bookkeeper method applied at the National Library in Warsaw and the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow, while sheet documents are treated with the Neschen method in the two above-mentioned libraries and in four archives: in Warsaw, Katowice, Gdynia and Milanówek near Warsaw. Furthermore, statistical research conducted as part of the programme established that in Poland at least 43 mln books and 200 kms of acts must be deacidified, which, on a national's calve, comprises about 94% of library and archive resources from the last two centuries. The optimistic aspect of the issue lies in the fact that the publication of books with non-acid paper was inaugurated in Poland at the end of the last century; this means that the number of library resources threatened with acid hydrolysis is not growing. The article also analyses studies relating to the state of preservation of nineteenth and twentieth-century collections with a paper base.
PL
Celem pracy było określenie parametrów enologicznych win odkwaszanych mikrobiologicznie. Przedmiotem badań były młode wina czerwone Marechal Foch i Frontenac oraz białe Seyval Blanc odkwaszane przy użyciu kultury starterowej Viniflora Oenos (Oenococcus oeni). Przed odkwaszaniem i po nim wykonano analizę zawartości alkoholu, kwasowości ogólnej, lotnej, polifenoli oraz oznaczono aktywność przeciwutleniającą i profil związków lotnych. Nie powiodła się próba zniwelowania nadmiernej kwasowości wina Frontenac. Stosowany do odkwaszania O. oeni spowodował zmniejszenie kwasowości ogólnej wina Marechal Foch o 28 %, a wina Seyval Blanc – o 12 %. Wykazano wzrost kwasowości lotnej we wszystkich badanych winach (w Marechal Foch o 69 %, we Frontenac o 20 % i w Seyval Blanc o 95 %). Stwierdzono wzrost aktywności przeciwutleniającej we wszystkich badanych winach i polifenoli ogółem w winach czerwonych po fermentacji jabłkowo-mlekowej. O. oeni spowodował wzrost zawartości octanu etylu oraz zmniejszenie octanu izobutylu i heksanianu etylu we wszystkich badanych winach. W badaniach wykazano ograniczoną przydatność szczepionki do odkwaszania win klimatu umiarkowanego o wysokiej kwasowości ogólnej i dużej zawartości alkoholu.
EN
The objective of the research study was to determine the oenological parameters of microbiologically de-acidified wines. Marechal Foch and Frontenac, young red wines, and Seyval Blanc, a white wine were the subject of the study; the wines studied were de-acidified using a starter culture of Viniflora Oenos (Oenococcus oeni). Prior to de-acidifying the wines and after it, the following was analysed: content of ethanol, total and volatile acidity, content of polyphenols; moreover, the antioxidant activity and profile of volatile compounds were determined. An attempt to reduce the excess acidity of the Frontenac wine failed. The Oenococcus oeni strains used for de-acidification caused the total acidity of the Marechal Foch wine to decrease by 28 %, and of the Seyval Blanc wine to decrease by 12 %. It was proved that the volatile acidity increased in all the wines studied (in Marechal Foch by 69 %, in Frontenac by 20 %, and in Seyval Blanc by 95 %). It was found that the antioxidant activity increased in all the wines analyzed, and the content of total polyphenols increased only in the red wines after malolactic fermentation. In all the wines analyzed, O. oeni caused the content of ethyl acetate to increase and the contents of isobutyl acetate and ethyl hexanoate to decrease. The analyses performed proved that O. oeni had a limited usefulness in de-acidifying cool climate wines with a high total acidity and a high content of alcohol.
EN
The general purpose of research was to evaluate the potential disinfecting effect of conservation/ restoration methods (deacidification and bleaching) and compare these results with effects of 2 commonly used in Poland methods of disinfection. The material was: 15 strains of fungi: Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus versicolor (2 strains), Gliocladium catenulatum (2 strains), Penicillium ochraceum, Verticillium lamellicola, P. verrucosum var.cyclopium, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus awamorii, Botryotrichum piluliferum, Paecilomyces variotii, Penicillium funiculosum, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium spinulosum. Following 6 kinds of paper were tested: Whatman filtration paper, Whatman filtration paper sized with starch, Whatman filtration paper sized with gelatin, hand-made paper produced by Glaser (Stuttgart, Germany), acidfree paper Fabriano and standard printer/copy paper (Canon). Tested methods: - deacidifiation with calcium hydroxide water solution, - deacidifiation with barium hydroxide methanol solution, - bleaching with kalium permanganate water solution, - bleaching with chloramine T water solution, - disinfection with p-chloro-m-cresol methanol solution, - disinfection in vacuum-pressure chamber with ethylene oxide Experiment: 15 x 15 mm samples (3 repeats) of all six kinds of paper were infected with fungi and then exposed to the factors mentioned above exactly in the way it takes place during standard conservation/restoration. After exposition to agents the samples were incubated and after 3 weeks the growth on each sample was evaluated. The results from three samples for every set fungus/paper/method were interpreted in following way: if there was no growth at all, the method is effective (fungicidal) against fungus growing on specified substratum (paper). For 300 combinations fungus/conservation method/paper only the one treatment showed disinfecting efficiency: deacidifiation with barium hydroxide methanol solution was effective against Aspergillus awamorii growing on gelatin sized Whatman filtrating paper. The paper is chemically analogical to the old European papers sized with gelatin. However, the disinfection with ethylene oxide was not 100% effective either and the results of disinfection with p-chloro-m-cresol were much better (the most resistant to this method species was Botryotrichum piluliferum).
19
Content available remote Odkwaszanie wody na złożu filtracyjnym
63%
PL
Wody agresywne powodują korozję metali i niszczenie wielu materiałów budowlanych, przyczyniając się do powstania strat korozyjnych rzędu 6% PKB. Jedną zmetod usuwania agresywnego dwutlenku węgla jest filtracja wody na złożu odkwaszającym. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu odkwaszania na złożu Akdolit C. Przeanalizowano wpływ rodzaju odkwaszanej wody, uziarnienia złoża i czasu jego kontaktu z wodą oraz charakteru pracy na stopień usunięcia agresywnego dwutlenku węgla oraz jakość otrzymanego filtratu. Wykazano, że optymalny czas kontaktu dla złoża Akdolit C wynosi 2 min, a złoże powinno pracować w sposób ciągły
EN
Aggressive waters cause corrosion of metals and destruction of many building materials, contributing to a corrosion loss of 6% of GDP. One of the methods for removal aggressive carbon dioxide is water filtration on deacidifying beds. This paper presents the results of the process of deacidification on Akdolit C bed. The influence of the type of deacidified water, bed granulation and contact time with water as well as working character on the degree of removal of aggressive carbon dioxide and the quality of the resulting filtrate were analysed. It has been shown that the optimum contact time for Akdolit C bed is 2 minutes and the bed should be operated continuously.
first rewind previous Strona / 2 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.