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Der zwischensprachliche Transfer beim Drittsprachenerwerb – Einstellungen der DeutschlehrerInnen zum Transfer aus dem Englischen ins Deutsche

100%

Chłopek Z.

Glottodidactica

2015

tom 42

nr 1

33-48

Interlingual transfer is a well known phenomenon. Thanks to many psycholinguistic studies it is now known which factors can induce or hinder this kind of transfer. In language teaching publications one can find advice on how teachers can deal with interlingual transfer in language acquisition. It is often stressed that transfer can be both negative and positive. The following article presents the results of a survey which was conducted with German teachers from different school types. The aim of the questionnaire was to recognise the teachers’ attitudes towards the interlingual transfer from English into German. It turned out that even though a lot of teachers consider such transfer as a negative phenomenon, which should be ‘eradicated’, some teachers recognise the positive influence of the English language on the acquisition and use of the German language.

Reverse Lexical Transfer in a Multilingual’s Spoken Production in her Native Language

84%

Chłopek Z.

Studia Linguistica

2013

nr 32

33 - 51

Psycho- and neurolinguistic research studies show that the languages present in the bi-/multilingual mind interact with each other. A person who has appropriated at least two languages possesses a highly complex and dynamic linguistic competence, whose inherent characteristic is cross-linguistic influence. Importantly, native languages are not spared from the influence of later appropriated non-native languages. Most studies dealing with reverse transfer focus on second language (L2) influences on the mother tongue (L1). This article takes the issue one step further, by investigating reverse transfer from three non-native languages into the mother tongue. In particular, it deals with the influence of the second language (English), the third language (German) and the fourth language (French) on the first language (Polish). The analysis of the occurrences of reverse lexical transfer observed in unstructured spoken production shows that a dominant native language may undergo influences of non-native languages, provided that they are also proficiently mastered and regularly activated. Reverse transfer is understood predominantly as a strategy resulting from the ability of a person fluent in their languages to juggle with their language competences in order to express a variety of concepts, to achieve specific communicative intentions and to compensate for temporary lexical retrieval problems.