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1
Content available Adaptive characteristics of plants in the conditions of technogenic pollution
100%
Akhtaeva N. , Boribay E. , Nurmakhanova A. , Tynybekov B. , Moldagazyyeva Z.
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2022
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tom no. 55
251--258
EN
The article deals with the problems of induction of the anatomical and morphological structure of plants of different life forms under the conditions of a long-term chronic action of ionising radiation on the territory of the Northern nuclear power plant. Currently, the study and assessment of the radioecological situation on the territory of the former Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, taking into account the ecological state of natural plant and animal populations, is of particular importance. The study of the reaction of living organisms, be it plants or animals, to different doses of chronic ionising radiation makes it possible to assess and diagnose the state of environmental quality, and these organisms themselves can serve as bioindicators of pollution. On the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site, at the experimental site “Balapan”, 3 sections with meadow type of soil were studied: polluted section no. 1 - the north-western shore of Lake Chagan, polluted section no. 2 - the north-eastern shore of Lake Chagan, and control section no. 3. For structural analysis, the study recorded the vegetative organs of plant species with an increased radiation background. It was found that when the EDR (exposure dose rate) of gamma radiation increases and the plant growth is stimulated. In the conditions of radioactive contamination, with an increase in the activity of alpha, beta and gamma radiation, plants response and changes occur in the internal structure of their vegetative organs. Such adaptive features arise under the influence of a complex of environmental factors, including radiation pollution.
2
Content available remote High light induced accumulation of two isoforms of the CF1 α-subunit in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of C4 plants
86%
Romanowska E. , Powikrowska M. , Zienkiewicz M. , Drożak A. , Pokorska B.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2008
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tom 55
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nr 1
175-182
EN
The effect of light irradiance on the amount of ATP synthase α-subunit in mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) chloroplasts of C4 species such as maize (Zea mays L., type NADP-ME), millet (Panicum miliaceum, type NAD-ME) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum, type PEP-CK) was investigated in plants grown under high, moderate and low light intensities equal to 800, 350 and 50 µmol photons m-2 s-1, respectively. The results demonstrate that α-subunit of ATP synthase in both M and BS chloroplasts is altered by light intensity, but differently in the investigated species. Moreover, we identified two isoforms of the CF1 α-subunit, called α and ά. The CF1 α-subunit was the major isoform and was present in all light conditions, whereas ά was the minor isoform in low light. A strong increase in the level of the ά-subunit in maize mesophyll and bundle sheath thylakoids was observed after 50 h of high light treatment. The α and ά-subunits from investigated C4 species displayed apparent molecular masses of 64 and 67 kDa, respectively, on SDS/PAGE. The presence of the ά-subunit of ATPase was confirmed in isolated CF1 complex, where it was recognized by antisera to the α-subunit. The N-terminal sequence of ά-subunit is nearly identical to that of α. Our results indicate that both isoforms coexist in M and BS chloroplasts during plant growth at all irradiances. We suggest the existence in M and BS chloroplasts of C4 plants of a mechanism(s) regulating the ATPase composition in response to light irradiance. Accumulation of the ά isoform may have a protective role under high light stress against over protonation of the thylakoid lumen and photooxidative damage of PSII.
3
Content available remote Comparative analysis of biochemical properties of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts from various subtypes of C4 plants grown at moderate irradiance
86%
Romanowska E. , Drożak A.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2006
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tom 53
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nr 4
709-719
EN
The photochemical characteristics of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts isolated from the leaves of C4 species were investigated in Zea mays (NADP-ME type), Panicum miliaceum (NAD-ME type) and Panicum maximum (PEP-CK type) plants. The aim of this work was to gain information about selected photochemical properties of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts isolated from C4 plants grown in the same moderate light conditions. Enzymatic as well as mechanical methods were applied for the isolation of bundle sheath chloroplasts. In the case of Z. mays and P. maximum the enzymatic isolation resulted in the loss of some thylakoid polypeptides. It was found that the PSI and PSII activities of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of all species studied differed significantly and the differences correlated with the composition of pigment-protein complexes, photophosphorylation efficiency and fluorescence emission characteristic of these chloroplasts. This is the first report showing differences in the photochemical activities between mesophyll chloroplasts of C4 subtypes. Our results also demonstrate that mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of C4 plants grown in identical light conditions differ significantly with respect to the activity of main thylakoid complexes, suggesting a role of factor(s) other than light in the development of photochemical activity in C4 subtypes.
4
Content available Determination of an optimal isolation and culture conditions of grass pea protoplasts
86%
Piwowarczyk B. , Pindel A.
|
2015
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tom 96
|
nr 2
5
Content available Structural organization of photosynthetic apparatus in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of C4 plants of NADP-ME subtype
72%
Buczynska A. , Wasilewska W. , Drozak A. , Romanowska E.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
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2013
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tom 94
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nr 3
6
Chlorophyll-proteins complexes and photochemical activity of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of C4 plants
72%
Drozak A. , Zwolinska P. , Kierdaszuk B. , Romanowska E.
Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement
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2003
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tom 01
7
Effect of moderate water deficit on calcium level in Sium latifolium L. leaf cells
58%
Nedukha O. M.
|
|
tom 545
EN
The distribution and content of calcium ions in organelles, cytoplasm and celi walls of leaf mesophyll and epidermis of Sium latifolium air-water and terrestrial plants at various developmental stage was investigated. It was established that the relative content of Ca2+ in cells changed in relation to growth stage and environmental growth conditions. Moderate water deficit led to the increase of calcium content in chloroplasts and nucleus of palisade mesophyll, and in cell walls of adaxial epidermis of plants that were collected at flowering phase. At fruitage stage, water deficit led to the decrease of Ca2+ in chloroplasts and in cytoplasm of mesophyll cells and in cell walls of epidermis. The obtained results show that these data can be used as a basis for future studies on the mechanisms of calcium redistribution and the role of ion channels in plant cells under water deficit.
PL
Celem badań była analiza zawartości i rozmieszczenia jonów wapnia w organellach, cytoplazmie i ścianach komórkowych mezofilu i epidermy liści dwóch ekoform Sium latifolium (powietrzno-wodna i lądowa) w różnych fazach rozwojowych. Stwierdzono, iż względna zawartość Ca2+ ulega zmianom w zależności od fazy rozwojowej i warunków środowiskowych, w jakich rosną rośliny. Umiarkowany deficyt wody prowadzi do wzrostu zawartości wapnia w chloroplastach i jądrach komórek miękiszu palisadowego i górnej epidermy liści roślin w fazie kwitnienia. Równocześnie u roślin w fazie owocowania, deficyt wody prowadzi do spadku zawartości Ca2+ w chloroplastach i cytoplazmie mezofilu i ścianach komórkowych epidermy liści. Uzyskane rezultaty mogą stanowić podstawę do dalszych badań nad mechanizmem redystrybucji jonów wapnia i roli kanałów jonowych u roślin rosnących w warunkach deficytu wody.
8
Cellulose content in cell walls of Sium latifolium L. leaves under influence of moderate water deficit
58%
Nedukha O.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
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2008
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tom 524
EN
The influence of moderate water deficit on both the ultrastructure of epidermal cell walls and cellulose content in the walls of Sium latifolium leaves during flowering and fruitage stage was studied. The ultrastructure of walls of adaxial and abaxial surface was studied by the scanning electron microscopy. Complex of cellulose with calcofluor in the cell walls of both adaxial, abaxial epidermis and mesophyll of two ecological forms of S. latifolium leaves was visualized by the laser-confocal microscopy. S. latifolium plants grew in water and under influence of moderate water deficit. The images of quantitative distribution of cellulose in the cell walls were obtained on cellular level depending on the type of leaf tissue, growth stage and on the conditions of plant growth. The decrease of amorphous cellulose and the increase of crystalline cellulose were established in the process of growth and under the influence of water deficit. The role of cellulose in the cellular mechanisms of adaptation to water deficit is discussed.
PL
Wpływ umiarkowanego deficytu wody na ultrastrukturę i zawartość celulozy w ścianie komórek epidermalnych liścia Sium latifolium był badany podczas fazy kwitnienia i owocowania. Ultrastruktura ścian komórkowych górnej i dolnej części blaszki liściowej była badana w skaningowym mikroskopie elektronowym. Kompleks celulozy z kalkofluorem w ścianie komórkowej epidermy obu stron blaszki liściowej i mezofilu dwóch ekotypów S. latifolium był obrazowany w mikroskopie konfokalnym. Rośliny S. latifolium rosły zarówno w warunkach dostępności wody jak i w warunkach umiarkowanego deficytu wody. Zdjęcia rozkładu celulozy w ścianie komórkowej były wykonane dla różnych typów liścaia, stadium wzrostu i warunków wzrostu rośliny. Spadek zawartości celulozy amorficznej i wzrost ilości celulozy krystalicznej był obserwowany podczas wzrostu i podczas wpływu warunków ograniczonej dostępności wody. W artykule dyskutowana jest rola celulozy w komórkowych mechanizmach adaptacji do deficytu wody.
9
Content available Surface waxes as a plant defense barrier towards grain aphid
58%
Wojcicka A.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
|
2015
|
tom 57
|
nr 1
EN
The electrical penetration graph (EPG) method was used to quantify the effect of surface waxes on probing behaviour of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae F. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The experiments showed that wax removal significantly affected probing behaviour of S. avenae. Generally, the aphids feeding on the plants without wax had a shortened non-probing (EPG-pattern np) and prolonged penetration of peripheral tissues – epidermis and mesophyll (EPG-pattern C). The EPG tests also showed that the three tested extracts of surface waxes from waxy plants RAH 122 were active as aphicides against the grain aphid.
10
Regeneracja roslin Arabidopsis thaliana [L.] HEYNH. w kulturze zielonych protoplastow mezofilowych lisci
44%
Gaj M. D. , Nawrot M.
Acta Biologica Silesiana
|
1997
|
tom 31
74-83
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