Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Dom mieszkalny średniozamożnego ziemianina. Studia nad teorią i praktyką projektową (1918-1939)

100%

Rozbicka M.

Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki

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2003

|

tom T. 48, z. 1-4

5-77

EN

In the wake of the tumultuous revolutionary and post-revolutionary sociopolitical events marking the end of the eighteenth century, nineteenth-century European social and philosophical thought began to intensively focus on the fundamental unit of civic society - the family, and thus on its rural and town residence, now perceived as the mainstay of morality and social order. Upon the basis of Polish theory of architecture and civil engineering, one of the first effects of intensified interest in popular housing was the process of finally rendering a precise framework programme of the landowners' functional residence (approx. mid-nineteenth century). This programme provided a basis for an extremely dynamic crystallisation, especially from the 1880s, of the functional-spatial contents of the twentieth-century Polish manor house. The programme modifications and corrections introduced as demands made by the landowners constantly grew in the second half of the nineteenth century, and concerned issues of a social-domestic, hygienic and technological-technical nature, were, obviously accompanied by a transformation of the traditional spatial configuration of the gentry residence, based on a suite of rooms following in succession. Such a transformation fully reflected European departure from the official, so-called open model of the residential house, for the sake of one based on the ethical model of the "moral house" of the middle classes. The arrangement of the interior of such a house was, on the one hand, to reflect the patriarchal hierarchy of the structure of the landowner's family and, on the other hand, to guarantee both the family as a whole and each of its members individually as a means of preserving indispensable privacy and comfort. In Polish model designs from the second half of the nineteenth century the above-mentioned spatial changes were predominantly discernible in the increasingly rare application of connecting rooms, and thus in a more extensive employment of the corridor system. The latter was combined with the traditional manor house entrance hallway and the additional, as a second rule, independent side lobbies, introduced in the later half of the nineteenth century to the smaller manor houses, thus creating a base for a collision-free system of inner communication in the "moral" model of landowners' residences. Only at the turn of the nineteenth century, and influenced by a fascination for the comfort and practicality of English country houses, which grew also among Polish theoreticians of rural architecture, did the programme and spatial corrections start to relate to a transference of accents from stately rooms to residential and household-hygienic interiors in the domestic residence; i.e. the introduction within their programme and, as a consequence, also in their planning, of an essential transformation of utilitarian/functional priorities in the plans. The tendency towards expanding and perfecting the programme of the domestic servants' quarters, kitchen and WC in modal designs inspired by English models, evolved rapidly, but the idea of limiting the stately part of the manor house did not make any impact - probably due to the still lively tradition of celebrating old Polish hospitality. This is also the reason why, from the perspective of time, it was precisely the process of devising a suitably spatial sequence of residential rooms together with a complex of kitchen-economic and toilet-hygienic interiors, recently introduced into the canon of the medium prosperous rural landowner's residence, which need to be recognised as the last important element in the spatial-functional evolution of its arrangement, initiated around the middle of the nineteenth century. In ca. 1900 this evolution, performed for the sake of the comfort and health of the residents, resulted in a final emergence of a fundamental functional-planning scheme of the twentieth-century residence of the medium prosperous Polish landowner. Until 1939, as modern technical household infrastructure progressed and the system of organising household chores improved, the theoreticians of rural residential housing only perfected the details. The first serious opinions expressed concerning the cultivation, at least in the countryside, of local architectural tradition and conceiving, upon its basis, of a native "style", did not appear in Polish professional periodicals until the onset of criticism in reaction to the tide of cosmopolitan-eclectic architectural designs at the end of the nineteenth century. In about 1910, the supporters of a renaissance of national architecture, who in the first decade of the twentieth century were recruited from among the adherents of the applied arts and Modernism, sharing a readiness to resolve the residential question by resorting to the idea of the garden city, after a short-lived fascination with the so called Zakopane style, finally recognised the traditional gentry manor house to be the future-oriented model of the "Polish domestic house". The latter was universally perceived as a type of building very strongly connected with the Polish landscape and customs. In addition, it was, from the architectural point of view, well analysed thanks to the studio material and designs amassed in the 1903-1910 period, with its numerous architectural competitions and exhibitions. Forms of the contemporary "native" manor house, devised by local architects prior to 1914, were derived mainly from the Polish Baroque and Classicism. They included high hip roofs, sometimes broken, with attics, roof projections of assorted scales, colonnade porticoes and porches surmounted by triangular or Baroque-fantastic gables, maintained in the spirit of early Modernism, and enhanced with the picturesque qualities of the English cottage - all introduced into the theory and practice of architecture in an atmosphere of traditionalism. In wartime and the postwar period this trend grew, not only in Polish society, but in the whole of Europe, in preparation for, and subsequently engaged in reconstruction. Already in about 1925 the "manor house" forms, transferred to urban and suburban conditions, proved to be "helpless" in the face of the functional and, predominantly, social challenges of interwar residential housing.; in the Polish countryside, however, they passed the test, and developed throughout the whole inter-war period (1918-1939). During the reconstruction stage they made a relevant contribution to an effective elimination from the landscape of cosmopolitan-eclectic architectural "jerry building", and in the subsequent period, despite waning interest in the architectures of the landowners' residences on the part of the theoreticians and designers (noticeable from about the mid-1920s), they effectively sustained and rendered indelible stylised motifs of local architectural tradition. The newly recreated Polish state which as a consequence of the partitions did not comprise a uniform economic-administrative organism, and suffered from the damage inflicted on several thousand villages, including about 850 000 domestic buildings, including manor houses, entered the stage of peacetime development from as late as 1921. Despite the fact that until 1929 the country enjoyed favourable market conditions for agriculture, this period, as a rule, was not conducive for housing investments on the part of landowners. Up to 1929 such investments were hampered by uncertainty about the outcome of land reform, and in later years the main reason lay in the economic stagnation of the Great Depression. This is why in 1918-1939 an overwhelming majority of the owners of medium and smaller landed estates, even those who had already attained a certain economic success, continued to cultivate the traditional style of their economic and home life, and fashioned their houses modestly and extremely frugally. The rather low standard and relative austerity of the landowners' lifestyle, even if only by limiting access to electrical power, much lower than in the urban houses raised in the inter-war period, was reflected in research conducted in the 1920s and 1930s by experts on hygiene, architects and landowners' associations. It is thanks to these studies that it is known how a major part of the manor houses of the period remained extremely modest both inside and outside. Their characteristic feature was chaotic plan and an excessively expanded reception part of the house in relation to the residential rooms. Some of the buildings under investigation disclosed elementary gaps in their furnishing. At the beginning of the 1930s the majority of manor houses in Płock Mazovia which, as a rule, contained 6-8 rooms, was still wooden. Only a third was installed with plumbing, and electricity was available only in manors located near industrial enterprises. In the region of Lublin the standard of the landowners' residences, on the average composed of 11 rooms, was slightly higher. Here too, however, only half had running water, and a fifth-electricity. Judging by such a low standard of a larger part of the landowner' homes, which in the medium prosperous landed estates of the Second Republic totalled about 13 000, it may be concluded that very few were built after 1918. This fact together with the absence of material documenting their original appliances and fittings, as well as the insufficient state and range of research concerning their architecture, concentrated so far almost exclusively on style and form, makes it extremely difficult to propose a more extensive assessment of the scope of realising new, exemplary solutions. This is the reason why all that we can say at present about shaping a programme and spatial configuration in the 1918-1939 period amounts to a series of observations. One of these confirms the fact that the conception promoted by inter-war theoreticians and architects, namely, to replace the main entrance hall, modelled on its English counterpart, with a so-called hallway, resulted only in raising the standard of the manorial antechamber so that, apart from communication functions, it could, at least to a limited extent, also fulfil residential-stately functions. The plans and programmes of smaller landowners' residences also did not reflect on a larger scale the proposal of a radical limitation of their stately part. Not many landowners approved of the suggestions made by the theoreticians; i.e. introducing to the interior elements conducive for modern, greater functional flexibility, such as sliding doors between the dining room and the living room or study. The owners continued to build manors in which, contrary to the recommendations of the theoreticians, the set of residential-stately rooms was not connected directly with the garden surrounding the house. The modern functional-spatial solutions advised by the theoreticians of rural architecture did, however, contain ideas which were accepted and implemented by a majority of the landowners. These included respect for the privacy of members of the household, and grouping the interiors strictly according to their functions. In the interiors of many residences analysed by the author, this meant a radical limitation of the number of suites of rooms lying in one line and, as a consequence, the expansion of inner corridor connections. The kitchen-household interiors were also granted a permanent localisation, in consideration of the comfort of the home-hold members and in accordance with the suggestions made by professionals. As a rule, this set was functionally planned and, similarly to the master study, and given a separate entrance. In the majority of manor houses such interiors were localised correctly according to tradition; i.e. in the gable wall of the house and facing the rear courtyard. In the newly built manors suitable space was assigned to hygienic-sanitary facilities, which were already, as far as possible, arranged and furnished in a thoroughly modern fashion. Throughout the inter-war years the form and style of the architecture of landowners' manor houses were dominated by vernacular motifs, applied either in the firm of direct "quotations" from the architectural past, or in a shape stylised in the spirit of early Modernism. We cannot, however, omit the fact that the landowners' residences featured a rational, modernist-functional design manner, promoted mainly by Warsaw-based architects. This trend became increasingly universal in Poland from about 1925, although it was introduced in a highly specific manner and limited by traditional construction technology. In the case of numerous manor houses, especially those built in the 1930s, it was applied while retaining the appearances of architectural traditionalism, and became discernible in the laconic form of the outer form and detail.

2

Vnútorné členenie a príslušenstvá šľachtickej kúrie na konci stredoveku (deľba kúrie v Lukavici v roku 1524)

88%

Maliniak P.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2023

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tom 26

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nr 2

41-57

EN

In 1524 brothers John, George and Stephen divided the manor house (curia nobilitaris) of their father in the village Lukavica into three parts. Only the first of the brothers remained living in Lukavica and was still a lower-ranking member of the nobility. The division of the manor describes the interior spaces of the house: the black room, the old kitchen, the room behind the kitchen, the hall and the room with lighting. The house also had a cellar. In the courtyard there was a piggery, stables, barn and a chicken coop. The entrance consisted of a gate with a small tower. Another black room, a brewery, a pond and a mill belonged to the nobleman's house. The division is exceptionally detailed and it is a unique source in the region of the Zvolen County. The charter has been preserved in a copy from the middle of the 16th century. The manor and its accessories became the subject of disputes and repeated divisions over the following generations. Female members of the family, in some cases married to non-nobles, played an important role in these disputes. The manor house in Lukavica still existed at the end of the 17th century after the change of owners. It is possible that it was subsequently converted into a farmstead, which still exists to the north of the village.

3

Dwór rodziny Rostworowskich w Kęble miejscem edukacji i wychowania dzieci i młodzieży

87%

Filiks-Bielecka K.

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania

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2016

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nr 35

23-34

EN

This article presents the family manor of the Rostworowski family in Kębło and its importance to the education and upbringing of children and adolescents. After 1949, social and educational activities took place in Kębło manor. In the article, I present various forms of caring for children and adolescents, organized in the manor house. It hosted an orphanage, a State-owned Educational Institute for Handicapped Children, which today is a Boarding Special Education School and a Vocational Preparation School. The State-owned Orphanage operated in Kębło between 1947 and 1982. Now it houses a Special Education Centre and a three-year Work Vocational Preparation School where pupils absorb the knowledge and acquire the skills to help them lead independent lives. As part of practical classes, students grow and care for vegetables and herbs, tend rock gardens and plants, bake cakes, make preserves and prepare simple dishes.

4

O zagadnieniach konserwacji architektury drewnianej

75%

Białkiewicz A.

Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych

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2009

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tom T. 5

7-16

PL

Dwory i dworki są nadal często spotykanymi budowlami, choć w wyniku zmian własnościowych po II wojnie światowej ich stan zachowania uległ znaczącej degradacji. Wznoszone były jako obiekty murowane, a także w konstrukcji drewnianej. Problem zachowania obiektów drewnianych został zaprezentowany na przykładzie dworku Włodzimierza Tetmajera w Bronowicach Małych w Krakowie. Stanowi on część składową zespołu obiektów i założeń ogrodowych charakterystyczny dla stylistyki miejsca ze schyłku XIX w. Jego konstrukcja była typową dla wielu domów szlacheckich, które często niewiele różniły się od chałup chłopskich. Za-chowana w oryginalnym stanie do lat 90. XX w., wymagała jednak interwencji konserwatorskiej. To, co stanowiło wówczas wyzwanie dla projektującego architekta, było z jednej strony zachowanie autentycznej formy bu-dowli, a z drugiej także maksymalne zachowanie struktury drewnianej i autentycznych fragmentów konstrukcji.

EN

Mansions and manors are still quite common objects although their condition has deteriorated significantly due to the ownership transformations following World War II. They were erected as masonry objects or wooden structures. The problem of wooden structures preservation will be illustrated by Wlodzimierz Tetmajer's manor house in Bronowice Male, Krakow. It is a part of a complex of buildings and gardens typical of the late 19th century style in the area. This type of structure was not particularly durable but it was typical of many hou-ses of the gentry which did not differ very much from peasants' huts. It survived in its original form until the 1990's when a conservator's interference became a must. This proved quite a challenge for the designing architect who had to preserve the authentic form of the building on the one hand and most of the wooden structure on the other.

5

Museums in former residences: castles, palaces and manor houses

75%

Krakowiak B. , Latosińska J.

Turyzm

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2009

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tom 19

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nr 1-2

43-50

EN

The article concerns former residences in Poland and their contemporary use as museums. The authors present the history of Polish residences, the development of museums in castles, palaces and manor houses, their spatial distribution and the relations between the type of building and that of the museum collection.

6

Museums in former residences: castles, palaces and manor houses

75%

Krakowiak B. , Latosińska J.

Tourism

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2009

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tom 19

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nr 1-2

43-50

EN

The article concerns former residences in Poland and their contemporary use as museums. The authors present the history of Polish residences, the development of museums in castles, palaces and manor houses, their spatial distribution and the relations between the type of building and that of the museum collection.

7

Role of joints in the structure of antique wooden panel parquets on the example of parquets from Przewrotne manor house

75%

Rozanska A. , Burawska I. , Beer P.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2012

|

tom 80

8

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МАТЕРІАЛЬНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ПОЛЬСЬКОГО НАСЕЛЕННЯ СХІДНОЇ ГАЛИЧИНИ НАПРИКІНЦІ ХІХ СТ. – ДО КІНЦЯ 30-Х РОКІВ (на прикладі сільської місцевості Івано-Франківщини)

63%

PILIANSKYI S.

Rocznik Przemyski

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2018

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tom 54

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nr 1(21): Historia

93-102

EN

The paper discusses the main features of the material culture of the Poles in Eastern Galicia in the late 19th century until the 1930s. The research includes setting up housing estates, dressing and eating habits and household utensils. The author attempts to show which elements of ethnographic culture were original and which were borrowed, mainly from other ethnic groups living in the area.

PL

W artykule omówiono główne cechy kultury materialnej ludności polskiej na terytorium wschodniej Galicji końca XIX w. i początku wieku XX (do końca lat 30.). Badaniu poddano budowę osiedli, sposoby ubierania się, zwyczaje żywieniowe, naczynia i sprzęt gospodarstwa domowego. Próbowano wykazać, gdzie elementy kultury etnograficznej były oryginalne, a gdzie wynikały z zapożyczeń, głównie od innych grup etnicznych, zamieszkałych na badanym terenie.

9

Zamek w Chudowie do końca XVI w. – rozwój i przekształcenia prywatnej siedziby górnośląskiej w świetle dotychczasowych badań

63%

Nocuń P.

Architectus

|

2019

|

nr 1(57)

67-78

PL

W artykule przedstawione zostały najważniejsze wyniki badań siedziby pańskiej w Chudowie koło Gliwic (Górny Śląsk), prowadzonych na tym obiekcie od 2001 r. (przede wszystkim w związku z realizowaną w tym czasie częściową rekonstrukcją wczesnonowożytnego zamku i adaptacją jego wieży na cele muzealne). Wykonywane równolegle kwerendy archiwalne, obserwacje architektoniczne, a zwłaszcza prace archeologiczne pozwoliły na rozpoznanie m.in. pozostałości poprzedzającej zamek murowany, a nieznanej wcześniej, XV-wiecznej siedziby rodziny Chudowskich (formalnie wpisującej się w horyzont późnośredniowiecznych założeń typu motte). W tekście przedstawiono ustalenia na temat planu, konstrukcji oraz podstaw datowania tego obiektu, jego funkcjonowania i destrukcji. Omówiono również wyniki badań w kwestii czasu budowy kamienno-ceglanego zamku wiązanego z działalnością Jana Gierałtowskiego. Przedstawiono wcześniejsze koncepcje na temat kształtu i datowania tego założenia, które zweryfikowano w oparciu o rezultaty ostatnich prac archeologicznych. Szczegółowej analizie poddano także zamkową wieżę, której stan zachowania umożliwił określenie jej pierwotnej formy (z czasu jej realizacji około połowy XVI w.) i funkcji. Przedstawione w tekście informacje pozwoliły na ukazanie rozwoju siedziby obronnej w Chudowie w okresie od jej powstania w połowie XV stulecia – kiedy to funkcjonowała w postaci drewnianej wieży otoczonej palisadą – do końca wieku XVI – kiedy zrealizowane zostało renesansowe założenie (otoczone fosą), w którego skład wchodziła kamienno-ceglana wieża i trzy budynki wzniesione wokół niewielkiego centralnego dziedzińca.

EN

The article presents the main results of research of the noble’s seat in Chudów near Gliwice (Upper Silesia), that was conducted since 2001 (mainly in connection with the partial reconstruction of the early-modern castle and the adaptation of its tower for museum purposes). Archival queries, architectural observations, and – in particular – archaeological works, carried out in parallel, have resulted with the discovery of remains of – preceding the stone and brick castle – previously unknown 15th-century seat of the Chudowski family (formally placed in the horizon of late mediaeval residences of motte type). The text presents conclusions about its plan, structure and bases for chronology of construction, functioning and destruction of this object. The article also discusses the results of research in the topic of the origins of the stone and brick castle, associated with the activities of Jan Gierałtowski. It presents earlier concepts of the plan and chronology of it and verifies them basing on the results of recent archaeological works. A detailed analysis was also made of the castle tower, whose state of preservation made it possible to determine its original form (from the time when it was built around the middle of the 16th century) and its function. The data presented in the text allowed showing the development of the private residence in Chudów from its origins in the mid-15th century – when it functioned as a wooden tower surrounded by a palisade – until the end of the 16th century – when the early-modern castle (surrounded by a moat) was completed composed of a stone and brick tower and three buildings constructed around a small central courtyard.

10

Szlachcic na funkcyi”. Inwentarze ruchomości Władysława Charczowskiego jako świadectwo zmian mentalnych i kulturowych wśród szlachty w XVIII wieku

63%

Popiołek B.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

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2022

|

tom 29

|

nr 2

199-217

EN

The article is devoted to the changes in the culture and mentality of the eighteenth-century Polish nobility on the example of the property inventories of Władysław Charczowski, the son of castellan of Słońsk. The process of building a clerical career of a wealthy nobleman can be seen in the transformation of his environment - his marriage, the creation of a manor, recruitment of supporters and building prestige through expensive purchases. The preserved purchase registers, bills, property inventories, settlements with servants show us the complicated process of a nobleman climbing the ladder of social dependence, creating his own environment, and thus a political career, interrupted by the untimely tragic death of Władysław Charczowski.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony jest przemianom w kulturze i mentalności osiemnastowiecznej szlachty polskiej na przykładzie inwentarzy ruchomości Władysława Charczowskiego, kasztelanica słońskiego. Proces budowania kariery urzędniczej zamożnego szlachcica widoczny jest w przemianach jego otoczenia – zawartym związku małżeńskim, kreowaniu dworu, jednaniu stronników czy budowaniu prestiżu poprzez kosztowne zakupy. Zachowane regestry zakupów, rachunki, inwentarze majętności, rozliczenia ze służbą ukazują skomplikowany proces wspinania się szlachcica po drabinie zależności społecznych, tworzenia własnego otoczenia, a w ślad za tym politycznej kariery przerwanej przedwczesną tragiczną śmiercią Władysława Charczowskiego.

11

Codzienne sprawy w kręgu dworu Marii z Kątskich Potockiej (zm. 1768). Zarys problemu na podstawie korespondencji kierowanej do starościny lwowskiej w latach 1765-1766

63%

Kicińska U.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

|

2022

|

tom 29

|

nr 2

162-177

EN

Maria Potocka née Kątska (1722-1768), starostess of Lviv, is an extraordinary figure. She is considered a precursor of the Polish Enlightenment, a bibliophile, and an art patroness. She inherited a huge fortune of the Kątski, Denhoff, and Szczuka families, which became the foundation of the Potocki family’s later economic power. Together with her husband, Eustachy Potocki (1720-1768), she was engaged in large-scale business and patronage activities. Still, little is known about daily life at the Potocki manor. Therefore, the article focuses on presenting her activities, especially in the areas of managing her extensive estates, raising and educating her children, and charitable activities. These factors created her everyday life.

PL

Maria z Kątskich Potocka (1722-1768), starościna lwowska, to postać nietuzinkowa. Uznawana jest za prekursorkę polskiego oświecenia, bibliofilkę oraz mecenaskę sztuki. Dziedziczka ogromnej fortuny po Kątskich, Denhoffach i Szczukach, która stała się podstawą późniejszej potęgi ekonomicznej rodu Potockich. Była żoną Eustachego Potockiego (1720-1768), wraz z którym prowadziła rozległą działalność gospodarczą i patronacką. Wciąż jednak niewiele wiadomo na temat życia codziennego na dworze Potockiej. Stąd w artykule uwaga skupiona została na zaprezentowaniu jej aktywności, głównie w sferze zarządu nad rozległymi dobrami, wychowania i wykształcenia dzieci, czy też działalności fundatorskiej. Czynniki te kreowały jej codzienność.

12

Study of chosen physical surface properties of antique parquet panel elements

63%

Rozanska A. , Niezgoda O. , Beer P.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

|

2015

|

tom 92

13

Zamek w Chudowie do końca XVI w. – rozwój i przekształcenia prywatnej siedziby górnośląskiej w świetle dotychczasowych badań

63%

Nocuń P.

Architectus

|

2019

|

tom Nr 1 (57)

67--78

PL

W artykule przedstawione zostały najważniejsze wyniki badań siedziby pańskiej w Chudowie koło Gliwic (Górny Śląsk), prowadzonych na tym obiekcie od 2001 r. (przede wszystkim w związku z realizowaną w tym czasie częściową rekonstrukcją wczesnonowożytnego zamku i adaptacją jego wieży na cele muzealne). Wykonywane równolegle kwerendy archiwalne, obserwacje architektoniczne, a zwłaszcza prace archeologiczne pozwoliły na rozpoznanie m.in. pozostałości poprzedzającej zamek murowany, a nieznanej wcześniej, XV-wiecznej siedziby rodziny Chudowskich (formalnie wpisującej się w horyzont późnośredniowiecznych założeń typu motte). W tekście przedstawiono ustalenia na temat planu, konstrukcji oraz podstaw datowania tego obiektu, jego funkcjonowania i destrukcji. Omówiono również wyniki badań w kwestii czasu budowy kamienno-ceglanego zamku wiązanego z działalnością Jana Gierałtowskiego. Przedstawiono wcześniejsze koncepcje na temat kształtu i datowania tego założenia, które zweryfikowano w oparciu o rezultaty ostatnich prac archeologicznych. Szczegółowej analizie poddano także zamkową wieżę, której stan zachowania umożliwił określenie jej pierwotnej formy (z czasu jej realizacji około połowy XVI w.) i funkcji. Przedstawione w tekście informacje pozwoliły na ukazanie rozwoju siedziby obronnej w Chudowie w okresie od jej powstania w połowie XV stulecia – kiedy to funkcjonowała w postaci drewnianej wieży otoczonej palisadą – do końca wieku XVI – kiedy zrealizowane zostało renesansowe założenie (otoczone fosą), w którego skład wchodziła kamienno-ceglana wieża i trzy budynki wzniesione wokół niewielkiego centralnego dziedzińca.

EN

The article presents the main results of research of the noble’s seat in Chudów near Gliwice (Upper Silesia), that was conducted since 2001 (mainly in connection with the partial reconstruction of the early-modern castle and the adaptation of its tower for museum purposes). Archival queries, architectural observations, and – in particular – archaeological works, carried out in parallel, have resulted with the discovery of remains of – preceding the stone and brick castle – previously unknown 15th-century seat of the Chudowski family (formally placed in the horizon of late mediaeval residences of motte type). The text presents conclusions about its plan, structure and bases for chronology of construction, functioning and destruction of this object. The article also discusses the results of research in the topic of the origins of the stone and brick castle, associated with the activities of Jan Gierałtowski. It presents earlier concepts of the plan and chronology of it and verifies them basing on the results of recent archaeological works. A detailed analysis was also made of the castle tower, whose state of preservation made it possible to determine its original form (from the time when it was built around the middle of the 16th century) and its function. The data presented in the text allowed showing the development of the private residence in Chudów from its origins in the mid-15th century – when it functioned as a wooden tower surrounded by a palisade – until the end of the 16th century – when the early-modern castle (surrounded by a moat) was completed composed of a stone and brick tower and three buildings constructed around a small central courtyard.

14

Dwory w obrębie wójtostwa Mikołaj w 1721 r.

63%

Płonka M.

Wadoviana. Przegląd historyczno-kulturalny

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2023

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nr 26

132-149

PL

Dwór "Mikołaj" wraz z ostatnimi zabudowaniami gospodarczymi jest pozostałością po rozległym majątku wójtostwa, którego nazwa sięga XVII w. Tymczasem na terenie majątku wójtostwa wadowickiego znajdowały się dwa dwory, które zostały opisane w inwentarzu tego majątku w 1721 r. Tym samym analizowane źródło stanowi jeden z nielicznych dowodów pozwalających na zbadanie przeszłości i wyglądu do dworów drewnianych w okolicy Wadowic. W artykule autor przedstawił wygląd obu dworów i porównał je z XVIII-wiecznym wyglądem okolicznych dworów szlacheckich, aby w sposób syntetyczny scharakteryzować dwory i rezydencje szlacheckie pod Wadowicami w XVIII w.

EN

Mikołaj manor house, together with the last farm buildings, is a remnant of an extensive mayor’s estate, whose name dates back to the 17th century. Meanwhile, within the estate of the Wadowice mayor, there were two manors, which were described in the inventory of this estate in 1721. Thus, the analyzed source is one of the few pieces of evidence for researching the past and appearance of wooden manors around the city of Wadowice. In the article, the author presented the appearance of both manors and compared them with the 18th-century appearance of the surrounding noble manors, in order to provide a synthetic characterization of the manors and noble residences near Wadowice in the 18th century.

15

Koncepcja wzmocnienia i zabezpieczenia ruin dworu we Włostowie

51%

Pozorski Z. , Studziński R.

Materiały Budowlane

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2016

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tom nr 11

74--75

PL

W artykule opisano aktualny stan techniczny oraz koncepcję wzmocnienia zachowanych fragmentów dworu będącego częścią zabudowy folwarcznej we Włostowie. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej wizji lokalnej stwierdzono, że stan techniczny zachowanych fragmentów budynku jest bardzo zły, a miejscami nawet zagrażający wystąpieniem katastrofy budowlanej. Jest to konsekwencja braku jakiejkolwiek konserwacji nieużytkowanego od lat 60. XX w. obiektu. Autorzy przedstawiają zakres niezbędnych napraw i wzmocnień pozwalających na zabezpieczenie zachowanych fragmentów dworu przed ich dalszym niszczeniem.

EN

The article describes both the current technical condition and the strengthening method of the preserved fragments of the manor house located in Wlostow village. The local vision showed that the current technical condition of the ruins of the manor house was unacceptable and could result in a construction catastrophe. The poor technical condition of the ruins was a consequence of the lack of maintenance since the 1960s. The authors have shown the range of the necessary maintenance work, which allows for the protection of the ruins from further destruction.

16

Use of renewable energy sources as a tool supporting the protection of cultural values of Warsaw’s suburbs: case study of manor in Warsaw-Białołęka

51%

Zdunek-Wielgolaska J.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura

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2021

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tom 20

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nr 1

17

Architektura przedwojennego modernizmu na przykładzie dworu w Ciechankach

51%

Dudkiewicz M. , Iwanek M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus

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2012

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tom 11

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nr 3

PL

Polska wieś okresu międzywojennego była mało wdzięcznym gruntem dla modernistycznej architektury. Budownictwo opierało się na tradycyjnej technologii, sporadycznie korzystano z nowych materiałów takich jak żelbet czy stal. Zmiany społecznogospodarcze zachodziły powoli. Przemysł nie odgrywał wówczas w Polsce takiej roli jak na zachodzie Europy. Modernizm był w naszym kraju zjawiskiem przeważnie sztucznym, promowanym przez grupę architektów zafascynowanych zachodnią sztuką. Ostateczny projekt dworu w Ciechankach jest kompromisem między wymogami snobistycznego nurtu a nawykami i potrzebami przyszłych mieszkańców dworu.

EN

Polish village of the interwar period was not very rewarding ground for modernist architecture. Construction was based on traditional technology, with occasional use of new materials such as reinforced concrete and steel. Socio-economic changes taking place slowly. Industry did not play in Poland at that time such a role as in Western Europe. Modernism in Poland was a phenomenon in an artificial advantage, promoted by a group of architects fascinated with western art. The end result of the mansion in Ciechanki project is a compromise between the needs of snobbish current and future residents of the social customs of the manor.

18

Degradacja dworku w Gusinie wykonanego z kamienia wapiennego

51%

Gorączko M. , Gorączko A. , Sobczak-Piąstka J.

Materiały Budowlane

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2017

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tom nr 12

58--59

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki oceny stanu technicznego ziemiańskiego dworku w Gusinie w województwie łódzkim. Obiekt jest zrujnowany, ale ma dużą wartość historyczną, ponieważ przez kilka lat zamieszkiwała go poetka Maria Konopnicka. Na skutek zaniedbań i braku konserwacji obecnie znajduje się w stanie awaryjnym. Omówiono przyczyny destrukcji obiektu i podano możliwe sposoby naprawy.

EN

The article presents the results of the dereliction evaluation of a manor house located in the village of Gusin, in Łódzkie Voievodship. Despite its poor condition, the building holds a significant historical value, because for a period of several years it was a home to one of Poland's greatest poets – Maria Konopnicka. As a result of negligence and lack of maintenance, it is currently in a state of serious failure. The presented the causes of its destruction and provide possible ways of repairing the structure of an object.

19

Miejsca obrad sejmików i zjazdów szlacheckich powiatu nowogródzkiego

51%

Radaman A.

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

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2022

|

tom 21

|

nr 1

75-115

EN

The subject of the article is the locations in the Nowogrodek (Novgorodok) poviat (district) where noble gatherings were held. This is an important issue as it highlights the role and place of the dietinies (sejmiks) in the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Even the Sejm, which was the most important organ of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, did not have its own meeting building, which is all the more evident in the organization of local noble assemblies. So we are dealing with the adaptation of the existing possibilities to the requirements of sejmik life. The article also touches upon another issue concerning the organization of dietinies (sejmiks) and other meetings of the Nowogrodek poviat (district) nobility. The history of the Nowogrodek dietinies (sejmiks) is an example of a case in which the nobility themselves, from the very beginning of the sejmik allocated quarters for sejmik and noble self-government spaces, building sejmik and court rooms for themselves. This is one of the few such examples in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and a sign of the great maturity of the Nowogrodek nobility. Consequently, this example is included in broadly understood legal archeology.

PL

Przedmiotem artykułu są lokalizacje, w których odbywały się zgromadzenia szlacheckie (zjazdy i sejmiki) w powiecie nowogrodzkim Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Jest to zagadnienie ważne, gdyż ukazuje ono w praktyce rolę i miejsce sejmiku w systemie ustrojowym Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów nawet sejm walny, który był najważniejszym organem Rzeczypospolitej nie posiadał własnego budynku obrad, tym bardziej jest to widoczne w organizacji lokalnych zgromadzeń szlacheckich. Mamy więc do czynienia z adaptacją istniejących możliwości do wymogów życia sejmikowego w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim po unii lubelskiej z 1569 r. Dzieje sejmików nowogrodzkich dają przykład sytuacji, w której szlachta powiatowa sama od początku istnienia instytucji sejmiku tworzyła przestrzeń do sejmikowania i przestrzenie szlacheckiego samorządu, budując sobie pomieszczenia sejmikowe i sądowe. To jest jeden z nielicznych w skali Rzeczypospolitej takich przykładów, który mieści się w konsekwencji w szeroko pojętej archeologii prawnej, i jest oznaką ogromnej dojrzałości szlachty nowogrodzkiej. Artykuł porusza również rożne kwestie organizacji obrad sejmików i zjazdów szlachty powiatu nowogrodzkiego.

20

Modelling the swelling process of wooden parquet panels from antique manor houses of south-eastern Poland

44%

Rozanska A. , Archanowicz E. , Beer P.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2012

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tom 80