Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Wörter englischer Herkunft im deutschen Sportwortschatz

100%

Dżaman-Dobrowolska M.

Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia

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2011

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nr 19

171-184

EN

The aim of the paper is to draw attention to modern German lexis connected with sports, which includes a large number of Anglicisms. The subject of research are the borrowings from English to be found in sports lexis in the issues of the newspaper “Die Welt” in the years 1960 (1st-31st January) and 2005 (1st-6th September). The comparison of the lexis stemming from these two periods reveals a clear increase in Anglicisms content in the articles concerning sports in the German Press. The paper also contains a presentation of the research results obtained by other authors (LIPCZUK, SCHMITZ, SCHNEIDER, TAUTENHAHN, URBANEK, YANG, ZUCHEWICZ). Additionally an attempt was made to present the problem of alternative forms on the basis of several Anglicisms belonging to sports lexis.

2

Inclusion, Contrast and Polysemy in Dictionaries: The Relationship between Theory, Language Use and Lexicographic Practice

100%

Koskela A.

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EN

This paper explores the lexicographic representation of a type of polysemy that arises when the meaning of one lexical item can either include or contrast with the meaning of another, as in the case of dog/bitch, shoe/boot, finger/thumb and animal/bird. A survey of how such pairs are represented in monolingual English dictionaries showed that dictionaries mostly represent as explicitly polysemous those lexical items whose broader and narrower readings are more distinctive and clearly separable in definitional terms. They commonly only represented the broader readings for terms that are in fact frequently used in the narrower reading, as shown by data from the British National Corpus.

3

Baza leksykograficzna w zakresie historycznych skróceń graficznych

100%

Majewska-Wójcik A.

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2010

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tom 21

85-98

EN

The article includes the results of research into general dictionaries of Polish language recording historical lexical material and lexical abbreviations and acronyms. This research has been conducted in order to check whether a potential reader of Polish texts containing graphical abbreviations shall find dictionaries helpful in their explanation. Moreover, the way of presentation of abbreviations under the lexicographical entries which register those specific units of language has been outlined.

4

Eestikeelsed kalanimetused: teaduslikud versus rahvaparased

100%

Kendla M.

Mäetagused

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2014

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tom 57

53-68

EN

The article gives an overview of the evolution of Estonian fish names, bringing to the fore the principles of naming fish from the point of view of both popular and scientific categorisation, and juxtaposing with the principles of classification of fish names by other peoples. The standard formal Estonian fish names started to be coined in the 1920s, when native-language terminology was created. Name-selection was often based on the example of other languages, especially German terminology. Estonian popular (dialect) names are based on local and popular categorisations, whereas the main emphasis is on the characteristic features of the fish.

5

БАЗОВЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ МЕТОДИКИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ЛЕКСИКЕ В ТРУДАХ Ф. И. БУСЛАЕВА, К. Д. УШИНСКОГО, И. И. СРЕЗНЕВСКОГО

100%

Сидоренко Т.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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nr 6(40)

425-432

EN

The author states that progressive scholars have seen in the native language the source and the formation of children’s abilities, expand their knowledge of the objects of the world. They opposed scholasticism and dogmatism in the study of the Russian language, the suppression of the students living thought, emphasized the need for age-appropriate children, advocated the teaching relationship with life and insisted on the inclusion in the program on national language only the most important and necessary. The objectives and content of language teaching in the modern school, as well as principles of modern textbooks and manuals are rooted in the tradition of the Russian progressive techniques, whose founders were F. Buslaev, K. Ushinsky, I. Sreznevsky. The article discusses the basic principles of vocabulary learning (system, science, communication theory and practice, the principle of developmental education, unity of form and content) proposed by F. Buslaev, K. Ushinsky, I. Sreznevsky in papers on teaching the Russian language, their views on language teaching methods (conversation, semantic analysis of the text, followed by drawing up the plan, various types of vocabulary exercises aimed at understanding and activation in speech and writing lexical units), which are fundamental in modern methods of teaching the Russian vocabulary. The author stresses that F. Buslayev is an eminent linguist and literary critic, founder of the first Russian historical grammar, the author of the first work, which started the methods of teaching Russian – «On Teaching the national language». He recommended to work on lexical concept in the school course of the Russian language in the middle of the nineteenth century. He first proclaimed the principle of a comprehensive study of the language. It is noted that I. Sreznevsky identified such basic methodological principles as the principle of developmental education, the principle of age-appropriate, unity of form and content, system, and the relevance of particular consciousness, development of linguistic intuition, the selection of words for the accurate transmission of shades of meaning. K. Ushinsky believed that education can fulfill its task only under three conditions: 1) it is associated with life; 2) the training shall be constructed in accordance with the nature of the child; 3) teaching should be conducted in the native language of the students.

6

ABKÜRZUNGEN IN DER GEGENWÄRTIGEN DEUTSCHEN BANKSPRACHE

100%

Vondrášková J.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

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2011

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tom 133

183-188

EN

The article deals with a part of German banking language from the point of view of lexicology; it describes the use of abbreviations. More and more English expressions are used in an original form, not translated into German. There are described the main application fields of the abbreviations, for example in the internal banking communication. There are summarized the main development trends in this language for special purposes. The frequent use of abbreviations can make the external communication with customers difficult. It is focused on abbreviations formed by the establishment of the EU or on the ones used in connection with Internet-Banking-Service too. This article highlights the problem of especially national expressions and the basic necessity of internationalisms, which infiltrate extensive into the banking language.

7

Квазиантонимические оппозиции в русских народных говорах

100%

Райская (Rayskaya) Л. L. , Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет

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2011

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tom 07

EN

The article covers the actualization of quasi antonymous relations in the lexical system of Russian national dialects. The phenomenon of quasi antonymy can be observed both in dialects and the colloquial speech. Taking into consideration the process of its functioning, we can say that quasi antonymy acts in the quasi antonymous oppositional form. When compared to the accurate (“true”) antonymous oppositions, quasi antonymous oppositional structure has a higher degree of semantic asymmetry and the part of speech heterogeneity, but less regular joint repeatability. In the article there are described some types of quasi antonymous oppositions in dialects, taking into account the character of linguistic units as well as the relations between their parts.

8

Метафорические эвфемизмы деликатной темы в русском, польском и английском языках

100%

Кудлиньска (Kudlińska) Х. H. , Никитина (Nikitina) И. I. , Иванян (Ivanyan) Е. Е. , Поволжская гос. социально-гуманитарная академия (Самара) Кафедра русского языка к. р. и. м. и. п. , Лодзинский университет Kафедра языкознания Института русистики (Польша) , Самарский институт (филиал) Российского гос. торгово-экономического университета К. и. я.

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2012

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tom 08

EN

Metaphors as a type of euphemism formation in thematic group of Russian Polish and English toilet euphemisms are considered. Different types of metaphorical euphemisms are investigated. The analysis demonstrates common devices in euphemism formation and common conceptual and linguistic aspects of euphemisation in Russian, Polish and English. Common devices and large number of interlingual euphemisms in the languages may justify the universal character of the cognitive basis of the nominative language area.

9

Diccionario de Catalina la Grande (1787-1789). Análisis del material español

88%

Stala E.

Studia Iberystyczne

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2011

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tom 10

151-163

EN

This article presents the Spanish material from an unknown 19th century dictionary published in S. Petersburg by P.S. Pallas. After a brief biographical note, followed by the presentation of the lexicographic material, its analysis in terms of its transliteration, phonetics, morphology and lexical features is presented. As usual, it turns out that the study of any unknown material reveals new linguistic surprises and is an infallible way to increase the knowledge, even to a limited extent, of the history of any language. Keywords: historical lexicography, language history, phonetics, m

10

O historii i etymologii rzeczownika chojrak

88%

Rosół R.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2015

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nr 12

219-227

EN

The article deals with the earliest history and etymology of the noun chojrak. The author points out the fact that this word occurred in the Varsovian dialect already in the first decade of the 20th century in three variants, i.e. chojrak (since 1910), hojrak (since 1906), and ojrak (since 1903). As regards the etymology, the author tries to prove that the word was borrowed from the Russian language. According to his hypothesis, Polish chojrak comes from the word хоряк 'господин' ('lord') attested in the Russian jargon of stall-keppers, craftsmen and beggars of the territory of Vladimir Governorate in the 19th century.

11

Comparison of formation processes in English and Czech sports terminologies

88%

Cocca M. , Řeřicha V. , Alvarado Martínez E.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2015

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tom 25

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nr 2

132-144

EN

Language represents one of the main factors that determine the distinctiveness and cultural identity of each branch of sport. Its rich lexicon is an indication of its diffusion and status in the society. A large number of professional and trade jargons such as coaching jargon, sports training terminologies, the language of sport sciences, sport medicine and athletes’ and sport fans’ slang have emerged from the area of sport. Each of these reflects phonetic, stylistic and morphological features of its national language. Given that English has undoubtedly become the source language of sports terminology with a vast influence on other languages, the aim of this paper is to compare the formation processes in both Czech and English sports terminologies, emphasizing the influence of English on the formation of Czech sports terms.

12

INNOVATION IN 19TH CENTURY ROMANIAN: FINANCIAL AND BANKING TERMINOLOGY OF ITALIAN ORIGIN

88%

POPA C.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2017

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tom 9

119-127

EN

With the economic development of Romania by the end of the 19th century, new economic realities emerged that called for an appropriate terminological representation, which fact resulted in borrowing from Italian, the language of a country where the banking system was well-developed, and hence an ideal source thereof. Our presentation will include an analysis of the financial, economic and banking terminology adopted by the Romanian language, of the process of adapting these Italian terms to the peculiarities of the borrowing language, and a statistics of borrowings based on the most representative Romanian lexicographical works.

13

Od słownika do leksykonu. Infografia leksykalna w słownikach bilingwalnych

88%

Sadziński W. , Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.

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tom 10

EN

The aim of this article is to show and to emphasize the importance of the so-called info boxes for foreign language learners in a bilingual dictionary. The phenomenon has been demonstrated using the Hueber-Dictionary (2008).

14

Ze Staročeského slovníku: lexikograficky sporné výrazy říčník, ryčník, ručník

88%

Nejedlý P.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2014

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tom 137

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nr 1-2

121-128

EN

There are several obscure Old Czech words beginning with ri-/ři-/ry- and ending with –čník, and it is not easy to identify both their original form and their meaning. Three of them are analysed in this paper: the noun written in the 13th century as ricznik can be understood as řiečník – ‘supervisor of river wood-shipping’; the noun ryčník used in the knightly tale Duke Ernest should be removed from dictionaries and understood as ručník – ‘player of the string instrument hold in the hand’ (cf. Old German hande seitenspil and Old Czech ručnicě ‘nablum, cithara etc.’), a word which appears also in the Klaret’s dictionary (so far interpreted as a ‘towel’ there). The word ručník is polysemic, it means – beside other things – also a carriage drawn by people, not by animals (it is a translation of the Latin biblical raeda).

15

W świecie bajek… leksykologicznych. O atrakcyjnym nauczaniu semantyki (na przykładzie polonistyki lwowskiej)

88%

Krawczuk A.

Kształcenie Językowe

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2013

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tom 11 (21)

41 - 56

EN

The author of the article presents a method — applied in Lviv — of making university lexicology classes more attractive. Using examples of specific student tasks, the author shows how a fable written by the learners about a suggested lexicological subject can both consolidate their knowledge of a semantic theory and develop their communicative competence in Polish learned by them as a foreign language.

16

Ze Staročeského slovníku: rekonstrukce stč. responze latinského neomon v Klaretově Glosáři

88%

Šimek Š.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2015

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tom 138

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nr 1-2

155-160

EN

The article deals with the reconstruction of the form and meaning of the Old Czech equivalent of the Latin term neomon preserved in Claret’s Glossarium in the form znaczie. Taking into account its word-forming structure and interpreting orthography of the written form, the form sňáčě – Claret’s abbreviation of the non-attested noun *sviňáčě – is discussed.

17

Nazwy demonów powietrznych w historii języka polskiego

75%

Krótki Z.

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tom 16

EN

The analysis was undertaken concerning the ancient names of air ghosts and spirits in this article. The written material gathered from all available lexicographical sources registered the ’lexis’ to the end of 18th century. The author used the old texts and literature for example: Postępek prawa czartowskiego przeciwko narodowi ludzkiemu and Pogrom czartowskie błędy, latawców zdrady i alchemickie zdrady jako rozpłasza. As was evidenced the vintage names of air spirits were structured as a form of three ’pictures’ such as: 1. ‘given to fly’, 2. ‘given to whistle’, 3. ‘the fire in the sky’ the key figure among these creatures was latawiec who was taken as a satan’s helper other demons were treated as an entities who plagued the human kind with bad meteorological aura. Some of them took a revenge on the people for disturbance of their peace and quiet (for instance – południca). Others were the creatures who did a penance. Some characters existed to teach people how to do a husbandry. The author took a notice that there’s no way to reconstruct the full measure of meanings because of the gaps in the written text.

18

Идеологический прагматический компонент семантики слов русского языка (лексикографический аспект)

75%

Кузьмина Е. Б.

Studia Rossica Gedanensia

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2016

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nr 3

159-168

RU

В статье в качестве предмета лингвистического исследования в рамках структурно-системного и коммуникативно-прагматического подходов к описанию языка представлен идеологический компонент семантики слова. В работе раскрывается разное содержание термина «идеологический прагматический компонент», описывается природа данного прагматического компонента (тесная связь с оценочным компонентом), определяются его место в структуре лексического значения разных типов слов и способы его лексикографической репрезентации в толковых словарях русского языка.

EN

The article presents the ideological component of the semantics of Russian words as an object of linguistic research in the framework of the structural-systemic and communicative- pragmatic approach. The paper reveals different meanings of the term “pragmatic ideological component” and describes the nature of the pragmatic component (its close connection with the evaluative component). The author also determines the place of the pragmatic ideological component in the structure of meaning in different types of lexemes and its lexicographic representation in monolingual dictionaries of the Russian language.

19

Leksemy oznaczające perfumy i kremy do pielęgnacji ciała w dobie staro- i średniopolskiej

63%

Krótki Z.

Prace Językoznawcze

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2017

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nr XIX/3

123-140

EN

In this article some old and middle Polish names of perfumes and body creams were investigated. Collected from all available lexicographical sources, the researched material contains one-hundred and three units scrutinized thoroughly in light of the semasiological method. The evidence of particular word use in the dictionaries registering the old Polish forms allows one to deduce the meanings of an item in the stated period. In the investigated period the names of creams and perfumes belonged to one semantic category. The names were connected to four primary senses included in their formal structure, such as: consistency, smell, main ingredient, technology. A large number of the researched names were polysemous, which was repeatedly noted by the author of the article.

20

Nazwy powinności i danin w XVI–XVIII w. (na materiale ksiąg sądowych wiejskich Jadownik, Maszkienic, Iwkowej i Uszwi)

63%

Horyń E.

Prace Językoznawcze

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2009

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nr 11

65-79

EN

Thirty two names of the duties and tributes have been considered in the article. The lingual material comes from the Jadownik, Maszkienice, Iwkowa and Uszwia judiciary-rural books, which are treated as Polish regional Monuments of the Brzesko region in the XVI and XVIII centuries. The analysed names are part of five-word groups: general names, obligations and money tributes’ names, obligations and tributes’ names provided in kind, obligations and tributes provided in labour, as well as names of other obligations and tributes. With regard to their structure, the names are not uniform. Some of them were lexemes created from various rudiments to formatives e.g. -izna (robocizna), -ina (danina, dziesięcina), -ek (podatek), -ość (powinność) and -ø (osep, najem, pobór). Words such as oprawa, posługa and powaba were created from verbal rudiments with the -a formative. They belong to the group of nouns which were created on the way to the change of paradigm from verbal into substantival. There is also a group of the so called nominalized neuter adjectives. These adjectives were created by means of certain formatives, for example the -ne formative (komorne, meszne, pamiętne, podymne, pogłówne, rękawiczne, robotne, stróżne) and the -owe formative (dymowe, korcowe, łanowe, serowe). In the gathered material most obligations and tributes’ names are indigenous words. Four of them (czynsz, popłatek, kanon and stacyja) have foreign etymology. The gathered vocabulary provides an interesting depiction of the region and its social-economic relations.