Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Crisis of Multilateralism and International Security

100%

Zazuliak Z. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Urbański D. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J. , Bryc A. , Bojarczyk B. , Jorgensen F. A. E. , Niedziołka D. , Pacześniak A. , Potorski R. , Wincławska M. , Włodkowska-Bagan A. , Jeran A. , Mol A. , Solsbery A. , Dąbrowska I. , Głodkowski M. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

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nr 2 (2)

PL

Since the Second World War multilateralism has become a mechanism of dealing with threats to international peace and security, the implementation of Security Council decisions and principles of the UN Charter. However, the response of international organizations to these threats is often criticized in the scientific community. This paper aims to investigate whether multilateralism is now facing crisis in terms of its effectiveness, legitimacy, and equality, particularly in decision- making process and implementation of institutional decisions.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14762

2

Preventive diplomatic activities as a modified way of peaceful settlement of disputes at the beginning of the crisis in Yugoslavia

100%

Aćić M.

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2020

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tom 49

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nr 1

61-71

EN

.This paper will highlight, among other things, the most significant features of the peaceful set- tlement of disputes in international legal practice. In order to point out the connection between peaceful dispute resolution and preventive diplomacy, it will be necessary to point to certain theoretical views. Nevertheless, the early institutionalization of the holders of these activi- ties, as well as the prominent role of internal organs for maintaining international relations, in these or similar situations, over time, there have been certain changes caused primarily by the spread of influence in addition to the state, and to other entities of international law. It is the emergence of international organizations that modifies both the holders and the activities available to them, all with a view to preventing conflict. Using a comparative and historical method, we will try to point out, on a specific example, analyzing the crisis in the former Yugoslavia, that some of the traditional peace-diplomatic means have been transformed into preventive diplomatic activities and what peculiarities did they contain. A particular example will point out their weaknesses as well as the consequences they have caused for the legal, and economic and other systems of the former Yugoslavia.

3

ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ У СФЕРІ ОСВІТИ ОБДАРОВАНИХ І ТАЛАНОВИТИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ

100%

Бойченко М.

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nr 5(49)

33-40

EN

The article reflects target priorities, content and procedural aspects of activities of international organizations in the sphere of gifted and talented education. It is proved that discussed in the article international organizations are innovative educational networks, as they are characterized by a complex branched structure of the partnership. It is found out that these organizations have the common mission of developing the potential of gifted and talented children through the organization of cooperation of all stakeholders – teachers, parents, scientists, community, education policy makers and actually gifted individuals. The mission is being implemented in the number of tasks, namely: ensuring exchange of information, progressive ideas and experience through international conferences (annual or biannual depending on the organization); creation of an atmosphere of acceptance and recognition of gifted and talented children with different levels of training in any country; support and dissemination of the research on the nature of giftedness, talents, creativity, and the education of gifted and talented children and their teachers; providing opportunities for professional development of teachers working with gifted children of different ages; establishing and support a national education networks in education of gifted and talented children in the countries; support of international programs for gifted children; promoting training for parents and families raising gifted children to achieve full potential of each child. It was determined that the most common forms of exchange of experience are regular international, national and regional conferences (e.g. WCGTC World Conference, International ECHA Conference), which also include the involvement of all actors in the process, as well as publishing specialized research journals on education of the gifted and talented. Considering the fact that all of the organizations are focusing on the professional development of teachers as the main agents of change the prospect of further research could be the internationalization of professional development programs for teachers working with gifted and talented students.

4

Refugees, migrants and stateless persons in international law

88%

Słapczyński T.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

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2018

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nr 2

45-50

EN

In the paper the author attempts to describe the issue of refugees as a very important problem in international law, a problem which generates profits e.g. a rise in human capital, as well as losses e.g. costs, for the countries involved. The balance depends on the policy of a given country, whether this country is able to capitalize on the human capital or whether it is only counting costs. Sometimes obligations resulting from international law are not sufficient to convince societies that accepting refugees is the right decision. The paper will focus on how, with appropriate legislative tools, the united world can help people who are in danger. The author will also pose a question whether enough is being done, or whether the scope and methods currently in use should be amended. The paper discusses the issue of refugees from the perspective of various organizations involved i.e. global institutions like UNHCR, European Union institutions, non-government organizations (NGOs) and contains a review of relevant legal acts such as the Treaty of Lisbon, the Geneva Convention etc. The author also touches upon the prac

5

The concept of right to culture in international relations

88%

Budziszewska A.

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tom 4

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nr 3

7-36

EN

The notions of culturalization of human rights law and the concept of right to culture are fairly new issues, arising from the changes in the area of application and understanding of international law as well as from the signs of growing sensitivity to the sphere of culture, but also the need to take into account the broad cultural context. As a result of these changes international bodies, courts and institutions pay more attention to the role of culture in human rights. Based on this process, we can observe the emergence of the concept of the right to culture as one of the fundamental human rights. This article thus seeks to answer questions as to what the right to culture might be, how is understood, whether it is rooted in international law, and how it might be being given effect to. Considering that this is a very broad and multifaceted issue, the goals here have been limited to a very general indication of the key issues related to the emerging concept of the right to culture. Hence, due to the current debate the article’s aims it to highlight the foundation of the right to culture, give overview how the right might be perceived and where we can find elements constituting the right to culture (here e.g. international bodies judgments).

6

The Development of the International Organization (IO) and Organizational Sociology Theories and Perspectives. Part 2- Definitions and Types of IO

75%

Bhandari M. P.

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2019

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nr 3

10-14

EN

This paper provides a pedagogical overview of how international organizations were formed, for what purposes and how their structure has been changed. The distinction between formal organizational studies and studies of international organizations is minimal, because both help to widen the idea of creating an original position for better combinations of favorable circumstances or situations in human affairs. The chapter will explain, the origin of the term international organization (OR); historical roots of or studies; and define or; analyze the types of ORs in the contemporary world; reveals the relationship between the international relation (IR) and regime theories application in the OR’s studies; and the impact of the globalization. The chapter also unveils the relationships between organizational sociology and OR and finally it gives a general outline on the application institution theory in the study of OR following a brief summary. Organizations have the ability of inspiring and bringing people in concert to achieve combined goals. They are accountable for determining the intelligence needed to meet their goals. This chapter provides a glimmer of international organizations theory, origin, historical account, definitions and utilization of contemporary academic world intertwined with the international relations, regime and globalization as well as the organizational sociological theories and perspectives can be utilized to study of international organizations. This chapter will help to understand the historical account of international organization, pedagogical development and contemporary theories and practices of international organizations and organizational sociology.

7

The Development of the International Organization and Organizational Sociology Theories and Perspectives. Part 1-The Origin

75%

Bhandari M. P.

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2019

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nr 3

5-9

EN

This paper provides an overview of how international organizations were formed, for what purposes and how their structure has been changed. The distinction between formal organizational studies and studies of international organizations is minimal, because both help to widen the idea of creating an original position for better combinations of favorable circumstances or situations in human affairs. The chapter will explain, the origin of the term international organization (OR); historical roots of or studies; and define or; analyze the types of ORs in the contemporary world; reveals the relationship between the international relation (IR) and regime theories application in the OR’s studies; and the impact of the globalization. The chapter also unveils the relationships between organizational sociology and OR and finally it gives a general outline on the application institution theory in the study of OR following a brief summary. Organizations have the ability of inspiring and bringing people in concert to achieve combined goals. They are accountable for determining the intelligence needed to meet their goals. This chapter provides a glimmer of international organizations theory, origin, historical account, definitions and utilization of contemporary academic world intertwined with the international relations, regime and globalization as well as the organizational sociological theories and perspectives can be utilized to study of international organizations. This chapter will help to understand the historical account of international organization, pedagogical development and contemporary theories and practices of international organizations and organizational sociology.

8

International organization’s activity for security and building peace in Kosovo

75%

Leszkiewicz M.

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tom 31(31)

135-151

EN

The ethnic conflict between the Serbs and the Albanians in Kosovo led to the outbreak of armed conflict accompanied by violence and acts of genocide. It forced international organizations to take decisive action to end the conflict, as well as start a process of building peace and stabilize the situation in the region. NATO, the UN, the OSCE and the EU played a major role in these activities. The author of the article has analyzed the role of these organizations in efforts to restore peace and stabilize the political situation in the region undertaken as part of Operation Allied Force, KFOR and the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).

9

The Development of the International Organization (IO) and Organizational Sociology Theories and Perspectives. Part 3 - Definitions and Types of IO

75%

Bhandari M. P.

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2019

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nr 3

15-18

EN

This paper provides a pedagogical overview of how international organizations were formed, for what purposes and how their structure has been changed. The distinction between formal organizational studies and studies of international organizations is minimal, because both help to widen the idea of creating an original position for better combinations of favorable circumstances or situations in human affairs. The chapter will explain, the origin of the term international organization (OR); historical roots of or studies; and define or; analyze the types of ORs in the contemporary world; reveals the relationship between the international relation (IR) and regime theories application in the OR’s studies; and the impact of the globalization. The chapter also unveils the relationships between organizational sociology and OR and finally it gives a general outline on the application institution theory in the study of OR following a brief summary. Organizations have the ability of inspiring and bringing people in concert to achieve combined goals. They are accountable for determining the intelligence needed to meet their goals. This chapter provides a glimmer of international organizations theory, origin, historical account, definitions and utilization of contemporary academic world intertwined with the international relations, regime and globalization as well as the organizational sociological theories and perspectives can be utilized to study of international organizations. This chapter will help to understand the historical account of international organization, pedagogical development and contemporary theories and practices of international organizations and organizational sociology.

10

Legal Aspects of Creating a Special International Tribunal for the Crime of Russian Aggression against Ukraine

75%

Koruts U.

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nr 5

11-17

EN

The article examines the concept and legal aspects of creating a special international tribunal regarding the crime of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. Although this research topic first emerged after the events of 2014 related to the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the annexation of Crimea, scientific interest in the study of this problem increased after the criminal full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of the sovereign state of Ukraine. The author considers the evolution of creation of select military tribunals, the specifics of their activities, and the established practice of prosecuting the crimes of aggression. Additionally, the analysis focuses on statements regarding the idea of creating a special international tribunal for the Russian Federation for crimes of aggression against Ukraine. It is substantiated that the highest form of international justice in the modern world is a tribunal, as it provides for a public and inevitable punishment and it acts as one of the elements guaranteeing the inviolability of the international legal order at the same time. The creation of a special tribunal for the Russian Federation will be the impetus for new approaches to expand the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court so that it can prosecute acts of aggression, and Ukraine will serve as an example for responding to aggression. The author determined, the establishment of an international tribunal for the first time is a complex process because it is often necessary to find new and completely original solutions to many legal and practical problems facing the tribunal. Moreover, the sum total of these decisions should provide the basis for a reasonable and universally applicable jurisdiction for future generations, at the same time allowing the tribunal to take into account the social, cultural and historical context of the conflict in question and to reflect this context to some extent in its decisions and practice.

11

Zacieśnianie współpracy Interpolu z innymi organizacjami międzynarodowymi wobec wzrostu zagrożenia terrorystycznego

75%

Pałubska M. R.

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nr 1 Prawo

303-319

EN

Nowadays the international terrorism is the biggest threat for universal safety which concerns the whole international community. Many international law subjects paid the attention to that fact and it induced them to undertake the proper action in order to unite their power in the fight against this threat. Interpol, as the international police organization, became an initiator of undertaking closer cooperation with other international organizations of both − governmental and non-governmental character. The United Nations Organization is the biggest of them. To them belong also specialized − governmental and non-governmental character. The United Nations Organization is organizations of UN, such as International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA, International Civil Aviation Organization – ICAO, including its Aviation Security Panel – AVSEC, International Maritime Organization – IMO, World Health Organization – WHO, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – UNESCO. Moreover, the close cooperation ties Interpol with such governmental organizations as: Council of Europe, European Police Office – Europol, World Customs Organization – WCO, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development – OECD, Commonwealth Secretariat, and also Organization of American States – OAS and Organization of African Unity – OAU. That cooperation comes to fruition with numerous anti-terrorist projects which are then realized by every organization within the limits of their statute determined activity profile. There are organized common symposia, consultations or trainings. It is performed between them constant exchange of information, specialized expert's reports and data relating to terrorist criminality. To the catalogue of above-mentioned governmental organizations it should be added such actively supported the Interpol's operations non-governmental organizations, as: International Society of Criminology, International Association of Penal Law, International Society of Social Defence, International Banking Security Organization, International Air Transport Association – IATA, International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations – IFALPA, Airports Council International – ACI, World Tourism Organization – WTO and Office for Prevention of International Terrorism – OPIT. They are equally important link in the international cooperation in the fight against terrorism.

12

Succesion between the European Union and European Communities as well as other international organizations

75%

Baumgart Ł.

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nr 3-4 (189)

293-319

EN

The history of European integration after the Second World War started in the 1951 with the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community. Further developments led to the establishment of the European Union. This article’s main focus is the analysis of evolution of different European international organizations that brought about the creation of the European Union. The aim is to examine the succession between international organizations in the history of the European Union. This study tries to discern characteristics of succession between European international organizations which enabled the creation of the European Union in comparison with general principles of succession between international organizations.

13

Mediacja jako metoda rozwiązywania konfliktów międzynarodowych

65%

Bibiluri M.

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nr 1

107-120

EN

The presented article is aimed at reflecting usage of mediation as a form of international conflicts settlement and at revealing its factors, at the example of the case of conflict in Abkhazia, Georgia. The article is a hypothesis on to what extend international or regional organizations act as effective mediators during mediation process. Attempt of conflict regulation and work of the mediation platform created after Russian-Georgian war are discussed. The theory discussing main variables for evaluating international mediation represented in mediation literature have been used for evaluating mediation factors. The article shows the level of mediation effectiveness in international conflicts, when it is not clear which are the conflicting sides; it shows that when there is an influential country, considering its capabilities, it has enough power to act as effective mediator, only in case if it does not have direct interest in the conflict. We have concluded that mediation can be effective only when it is clear which the conflicting sides are. It is considered that international organizations cannot be effective in conflict resolution when a conflict is in cold phase.

14

International Organizations Influence on the Relationship between the Parliamentary Majority and the Opposition in a Democracy

63%

Jaskiernia J.

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2024

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nr 4(80)

217-227

PL

Autor poddał analizie zagadnienie wpływu organizacji międzynarodowych na relacje pomiędzy parlamentarną większością i mniejszością parlamentarną. Choć regulacja tych zagadnień należy do suwerennych atrybutów państwa, to jednak organizacje międzynarodowe mogą oddziaływać na tę sferę w konsekwencji zobowiązań wynikających z członkostwa. Ochrona praw opozycji znajduje się w systemach aksjologicznych zarówno Unii Europejskiej, jak i Rady Europy. Szczególne znaczenie będzie tu miała realizacja dokumentu Komisji Weneckiej, zawierającego listę kontrolną wymogów, które powinny być zrealizowane, by zapewnić właściwe relacje większości i mniejszości parlamentarnej. Choć dokument ten ma charakter jedynie tzw. „miękkiego prawa”, a więc nie jest prawnie wiążący, to powinien być wdrożony do praktyki ustrojowej państw członkowskich Rady Europy.

EN

The author analyzed the issue of the impact of international standards on the relationship between the parliamentary majority and the minority. Although the regulation of these issues is the sovereign attribute of the state, international organizations may influence this sphere as a consequence of the obligations arising from membership. The protection of opposition rights is included in the axiological systems of both the European Union and the Council of Europe. Of particular importance here will be the implementation of the document of the Venice Commission, which contains a checklist of requirements that should be implemented to ensure proper relations between the parliamentary majority and minority. Although this document is only the so-called “soft law”, so it is not legally binding, it should be implemented into the political practice of the member states of the Council of Europe.

15

Międzynarodowe środki przeciwdziałające praniu pieniędzy pochodzących z przestępstw korupcyjnych

63%

Dąbrowski Ł. D.

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tom 4

EN

The paper presents the most important international organizations focusing on fighting with corruption following the most significant international documents’ resolutions. It discusses the basic objectives and guidelines of the regional, interregional and multilateral initiatives dealing with the fight against money laundering, in particular the money for banks or financial institutions. Those initiatives are presented with consideration for conventional regulations for fighting and prevention of corruption. However, they may also be used to discuss any other transboundary criminal activity.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze organizacje międzynarodowe, których działalność skupia się na walce z przestępczością korupcyjną, koncentrując się na postanowieniach dokumentów międzynarodowych odgrywających największą rolę w tym zakresie. Wskazuje podstawowe cele i wytyczne odpowiednich inicjatyw organizacji regionalnych, międzyregionalnych oraz wielostronnych zajmujących się zwalczaniem procederu prania pieniędzy przeznaczonych w szczególności dla banków i instytucji fi nansowych. Inicjatywy te przedstawione są na tle unormowań konwencyjnych dotyczących zwalczania i zapobiegania przestępczości korupcyjnej, mogą jednak mieć zastosowanie nie tylko w przypadku przestępczości korupcyjnej, lecz również w przypadku każdej innej transgranicznej działalności przestępczej.

16

Les résolutions des organisations économiques internationales des États membres du C.A.E.M. et le droit interne de la République Populaire de Pologne

63%

Lachs M.

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1978

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nr 1 (37)

19-31

17

Początki instytucjonalizacji współpracy międzynarodowej w starożytnej i średniowiecznej Europie

63%

Świstak A.

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nr 34

EN

This article presents the first attempts of institutionalizing international cooperation in ancient and medieval Europe. Culture, tradition, religion and language were the most crucial factors in terms of creating the first international organizations. These factors united both the members of Greek Amphictyonic League and Symmachii as well as projects of European institutions carried out in the Middle Ages. Besides the Christian religion, empires, joining under their ruling different nations, had influence on arising of the sense of community. Organizational attempts were also taken by cities, among them the most well-known union was Hanza.

PL

W artykule zostały przedstawione pierwsze próby instytucjonalizacji międzynarodowej współpracy w starożytnej i średniowiecznej Europie. Szczególne znaczenie dla tworzenia pierwszych organizacji międzynarodowych były wspólne dla ich członków kultura, tradycja, religia oraz język. Elementy te łączyły zarówno członków greckich amfiktionii i symmachii, jak i projekty europejskich organizacji opracowanych w średniowieczu. Wpływ na powstanie poczucia wspólnoty wśród państw średniowiecznej Europy, oprócz religii chrześcijańskiej, miały również imperia łączące pod jednym panowaniem różne ludy. Próby organizacyjne w tym okresie podjęły też miasta, których najsłynniejszym związkiem była Hanza.

18

Współczesne tendencje w handlu międzynarodowym. Sprawiedliwy handel

63%

Marzec D.

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tom 2

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nr 2

125-135

EN

Fair trade is a special kin of international exchange. It includes many participants, such as producers, importers, certifying and non-profit organizations. It influences the development of local societies and consumers’ behaviour changes. Although the participation of Fair Trade is rather small in world trade scale, it is clear that it develops dynamically. Its idea and working organizations prove that it is possible to trade between rich North and poor South in such a way that it can be beneficial for all participants.

19

Teoria Martina Wighta jako kontekst interdyscyplinarności pedagogiki porównawczej

63%

Bocharova O. , Melnik I.

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nr 2

283-294

EN

The basis for interpreting comparative pedagogy as an episteme of scientific knowledge lies in Martin Wight's original work, "International Theory: The Three Traditions" (1992), the founder of the English school of international political theory. The theory of international society describes three traditions: realism (or Machiavellianism), rationalism (Horatianism), and revolutionism (Kantianism). This article provides an overview, drawing from existing literature, and is divided into two parts. Part one presents the theory of international society and its assumptions, while the second part examines the transformations that have occurred in the conduct and organization of comparative research. These changes encompass the research subject, such as viewing the state as a research unit and analyzing the activities of international organizations (e.g., PISA, TIMSS) and their role in educational development. Moreover, the article delves into topics including competitiveness, intercultural education, the impact of globalization on education, all of which have been addressed at the World Council of Comparative Education Societies (WCCES) conferences.

PL

Podstawą do interpretacji pedagogiki porównawczej jako epistemu wiedzy naukowej stała się oryginalna praca International Theory: The Three Traditions, 1992 Martina Wighta, założyciela angielskiej szkoły teorii polityki międzynarodowej. Teoria społeczeństwa międzynarodowego opisuje trzy tradycje: realizm (lub makiawelizm), racjonalizm (horacjonizm) i rewolucjonizm (kantyzm). Niniejszy artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy i jest podzielony na dwie części, a treści w nim zawarte bazują na dostępnej literaturze przedmiotu. W części pierwszej przedstawiona została teoria społeczeństwa międzynarodowego oraz jej podstawowe założenia. Część druga prezentuje zmiany, które odbyły się w prowadzeniu i organizacji badań porównawczych. Zmiany te dotyczyły: przedmiotu badań np. państwa jako jednostki badawczej, działalności międzynarodowych organizacji (PISA, TIMSS), ich roli w rozwoju edukacji; rozpowszechnienia konkurencyjności wśród systemów edukacji; rozwoju globalizacji i jego wpływu na edukację.

20

Розвиток інноваційної енергетики в глобальному та регіональному вимірах

63%

Dzhusov O. A. , Gladchenko A. Y.

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2012

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nr 1

82-87

EN

Generalized major international organizations in one way or degree have influenced the development of alternative energy based on the analysis of their role, authority and influence on decision making and found their influence on the development of innovative component of the energy sector of the global economy

UK

Генералізовано основні регіональні організації, які тією чи іншою мірою впливають на розвиток альтернативної енергетики, на основі аналізу їх ролі, повноважень та впливу на прийняття рішень. Виявлено їх вплив на розвиток інноваційної складової енергетичної сфери країн світової економіки.