Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Stability of hospital rankings

100%

SIELSKA A.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2020

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tom 30

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nr 4

95-112

EN

Many hospital rankings are based on algorithms and weights elicited by experts. The paper attempts to build rankings of Polish district hospitals using the TOPSIS method and to examine the sensitivity of the results to the changes in weights. We considered 11 large and 34 medium-sized hospitals. The criteria set consists of man-days total, profit/loss on sales, contract with the National Health Fund, return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Because of this, rankings consider different spheres in which hospitals perform, including the financial aspect and their main goal, i.e., treating patients. The results show that despite the overall high similarity of rankings, the benchmarking based on rankings should be done with care as the positions of some individual hospitals changed to a great degree.

2

Prevention of infections: the Karol and Maria Hospital for Children, Warsaw, Poland

100%

Bujanowicz A. , Banaszkiewicz A.

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2022

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tom 28

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nr 1

5-16

PL

Pandemia COVID-19 spowodowała zmiany w funkcjonowaniu szpitali dziecięcych na całym świecie. Zapobieganie rozprzestrzenianiu zakażeń jest jednym z najbardziej naglących problemów, z którymi spotyka się opieka medyczna. W poniższym artykule chcemy przypomnieć, w jaki sposób usiłowano zapobiegać zakażeniom wewnątrzszpitalnym w Szpitalu dla Dzieci im. Karola i Marii w Warszawie, otwartym w 1913 roku. Szpital ten był wówczas jednym z najbardziej nowoczesnych w Europie, a rozwiązania w nim proponowane budzą podziw i zdumienie. Wiele z nich nadal wydaje się być użytecznych, chociaż nie stosuje się ich powszechnie.

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the operation of children’s hospitals around the world. The prevention of the spread of infections is one of the most pressing issues faced by everyone involved in medical care. The following article reminds what the Karol and Maria Hospital for Children in Warsaw opened in 1913 did to prevent nosocomial infections. At the time, this hospital was one of the most modern in Europe, and the solutions it offered were welcomed with admiration and amazement. Even if not widely used, many of them seem relevant today.

3

Budgeting as a Method of Financial Management of Polish Hospitals Compared to European Countries

100%

Cygańska M. , Lelusz H.

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tom 7

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nr 1

5-14

EN

This article presents the range of budget planning usage in European hospitals. The budgeting system in one of the Polish hospitals in the province of Warmia and Mazury is described.

4

Ensuring Cleanliness in Operating Theatres

100%

Charkowska A.

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tom Vol. 14, No. 4

447--453

EN

High cleanliness of a hospital environment is necessary to ensure safe working conditions for the medical staff, a correct process of hospitalization and to protect hospital visitors, an aspect rarely mentioned. A supply of air cleaned in highly-effective air filters to hospital wards with air conditioning systems and exhaust of infected air will help in maintaining the required standards of cleanliness. This article presents information on recommended classes of air and surface cleanliness, with special focus on operating theatres and suites.

5

Zasady wyceny świadczeń zdrowotnych we francuskim systemie ochrony zdrowia

100%

Kludacz M.

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

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2014

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tom XCIII (93)

193-205

EN

In many countries, including Poland, there is a problem associated with disadvantages of valuation methods of medical services that affect the poor efficiency of health care financing system. In the literature, it is estimated that one of the best methods of valuation is system based on the Homogeneous Groups of Patients. In this system all treated patients are classified, based on selected clinical characteristics into patient groups which consume the resources of the hospital in a similar manner. Such a system already exists in many European countries. In some of them the basis for valuation of medical services are the cost data accumulated in hospitals. One of such country is France. The aim of this article is to analyze the valuation principles of medical services, especially in the hospitals, that are applied in the French health care system. Particular attention was paid to the characteristics of the French health care system and the French system of Homogeneous Groups of Patients GHM, which is the base for the valuation of medical services in hospitals. This article also describes the process of collecting cost data needed to determine the cost weights and the pricing rules for calculating the GHM tariffs at the central level.

6

Ochrona zdrowia psychicznego jako szczególne zadanie ustawodawcy – zastosowanie przymusu bezpośredniego

100%

Sarnacka E.

Studia BAS

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2018

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nr 4(56)

143-164

EN

The paper investigates a new Polish regulation which requires doctors’ permission to use force during medical treatment. It begins with an overview of the former regulations and the dilemmas, especially those associated with patients with medical disorders treated in non-psychiatric hospitals. The second section focuses on the problems with a new procedure regarding the use of force against patients who are treated in psychiatric and non-psychiatric hospitals and are not able to produce legally binding consent. It also looks at the differences between the current and the former procedures. The article concludes that the new regulation has not improved patients’ safety and management of hospitals.

7

Instrukcja o ewakuacji lazaretów polowych z 1866 r.

100%

Lusek J.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2012

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tom X

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nr 2

31-41

EN

The reforms of the Prussian army in the second half of the 19th century resulted in the creation of a modern health care system for soldiers participating in combat, as well as those physically disabled in consequence of military operations. The introduced changes had also an influence on the economic-technical and administrative fields including health care institutions, i.e. field and military hospitals and supplies needed to run them. The fulfillment of this task was down to storehouses supplying field and military hospitals, as well as reserve field hospitals. The instruction for evacuation of field hospitals (Instruction über die Evakuation der Feld-Lazarethe) in the collection of the National Archives in Opole located in Opole District Starosty. It contains detailed instructions for the formation, management, administration and visit, as well as procedures for evacuation of field hospitals, of war and reserve hospitals, also appoints medical staff, support medical staff, and volunteer medical personnel for these facilities. It contains provisions regarding transportation of the wounded and sick, and formal procedures associated with the release from military service and return to active service, after convalescence.

8

Albert Schweitzer – the centenary of the hospital in Lambarene, Gabon

100%

Gaertner H. , Stelcer B. , Wissel E.

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2013

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tom 3

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nr 1

142-147

EN

The authors discuss the activities and achievements of Albert Schweitzer in their principal fields—music and musicology, philosophy and theology, and medicine and hospital management. They also describe Schweitzer’s successive hospitals in Lambarene (Gabon) during the years of 1913-2013.

9

Stakeholder Analysis in the Context of Healthcare Entity Managers’ Activities in a Crisis Situation: A Case Study

100%

Głód G. , Głód W. , Rychel R.

Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance

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2020

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nr 3(53)

33-47

EN

Objectives: The aim of the article is to present the role of the public manager in crisis management based on the analysis of stakeholders of a selected hospital. Research Design & Methods: Based on the adopted research methodology, an analysis of stakeholders in a selected health care unit was performed. The study used a hospital stakeholder analysis methodology in the context of managing an emergency resulting from the coronavirus pandemic. Findings: The need for a flexible approach on the part of the public manager requires a proper identification of the interests of stakeholder groups as well as the establishment of good communication. In a crisis situation, this approach is particularly important. Implications / Recommendations: On this basis, recommendations were formulated with regard to both theoretical and practical aspects of the research problem. The role of hospital stakeholders in managing a crisis situation is indicated. Contribution / Value Added: Managing a crisis situation in the context of the coronavirus pandemic is a significant challenge for managers of health care units. In the future, the presented research area can be continued, among other retrospective studies.

10

The use of cost information in the reports and financial analyzes of hospital

100%

Chluska J. , Szewieczek A.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

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2018

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nr 524

22-34

EN

Evaluation of hospital standing is one of the tasks of the funding bodies of hospitals. The evaluation is made based on the indices of measurements specified in the Ordinance of the Minister of Health. These indices relate to various areas of hospital activities, including their financial results. There are no indices based directly on costs. The aim of the study is to identify the role of costs as a basis for the evaluation of economic and financial status of hospital. The research hypothesis states: it is necessary to increase the role of hospital operating costs in the assessment of their economic-financial condition. The research tools included the analysis of legal acts, related literature and practical examples of hospital reports on economic and financial situation of independent public health care institutions. Final conclusions were developed using the method of deduction and synthesis.

11

SERVBED for dynamic management of hospital beds

100%

Stempczyńska J. , Kącki E.

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2007

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tom Vol. 12, nr 1

38-42

EN

The paper presents basic problems faced while constructing and implementing SERVBED - a system for computer aided management of beds in hospital wards, designed to optimize utilisation of hospital beds in various conditions. The possibility of continuous monitoring of bed occupancy (patients' names, room and bed numbers, names of current bed managers) has been investigated and the system accessibility protection as well as automatic data collection for the needs of reports and short- and long-term prognoses have been studied. The paper discusses certain ways of tackling the questions under consideration, and tries to find optimal solutions. It also takes multimedia software into account to ensure effective communication with the system. Final remarks and conclusions of general nature together with those referring specifically to SERVBED conclude the paper.

12

Psychosomatic aspects of healthcare facility design solutions

100%

Pruszewicz-Sipińska E. , Gawlak A. A. , Matuszewska M.

Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych

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2018

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tom Vol. 14, nr 3

79--88

EN

The purpose of this paper is to present the social and psychological aspects of the impact of architecture of a hospital on all its users. The authors analyse the impact of factors shaping the architectural space of a hospital on the behaviour of patients and on the mutual relations between all the participants of the hospitalisation process. The hospital space has been presented from the point of view of the psychophysical needs of a patient, from the point of view of the medical staff and the visitors. The analysis includes the assessment of the quality of architectural space of a hospital as a place intended for the medical treatment, which is to facilitate the recovery of the patient and fast response of the staff in emergency situations.

13

Priestor a pamäť. Spomienky pracovníkov nemocnice v Topoľčanoch

100%

Janto J.

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tom 108

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nr 1

3-28

EN

The author deals with the importance of memories in connection with historical buildings and sites. The theoretical framework of the study is the concept of space and place (mostly in approach of S. Low) and collective memory (M. Halbwachs). Abstract space is transformed through human activities, interpersonal relationships, communication, memories, etc. into a known place with sense and specific meanings for certain people. Collective memory (the social representation of the past) plays an important role in this process of change. On the other hand, the memories are bound to a certain place, that is to say they are spatially anchored. In this study, the author observes what memories are related to the buildings and the site of the old hospital in Topoľčany. His informants were its former employees, doctors and nurses and the main method used was ethnographic semi-structured interview.

14

Course of hospitalization of patients referred on an emergency basis due to bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract

100%

Bojanowski A. , Mitura K. , Kisielewski K. , Leszczyński P. K.

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tom 4

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nr 1

11-20

PL

WSTĘP: Krwawienia do przewodu pokarmowego w warunkach przedszpitalnych niejednokrotnie są przyczyną wystąpienia stanu zagrożenia życia. Zdecydowana większość przypadków (80%) dotyczy krwawienia z górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego, a śmiertelność wynosi wówczas nawet do 14% przypadków. Niezbędne jest wówczas szybkie rozpoznanie i skierowanie pacjenta na hospitalizację, gdyż najskuteczniejszym leczeniem jest terapia endoskopowa. Celem badania była analiza profilu pacjenta skierowanego do szpitala przez lekarza pierwszego kontaktu z podejrzeniem i/lub rozpoznaniem krwawienia z przewodu pokarmowego. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Autorzy podjęli próbę oceny wyjściowych wyników laboratoryjnych parametrów krytycznych (RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT) pacjentów przyjętych w trybie pilnym w latach 2017-2020 do szpitala miejskiego w Siedlcach, Polska. Łączna liczba chorych skierowanych przez lekarza pierwszego kontaktu z objawami krwawienia wynosiła 843. Procedura włączenia uwzględniała pacjentów skierowanych jedynie w trybie pilnym (n=56). Do opracowania statystycznego wykorzystano test normalności rozkładu zmiennych Shapiro-Wilka, korelację rho-Spearmana oraz testy niezależności Chi kwadrat. Wszystkie wyniki uznano za istotne przy p < 0,05. WYNIKI: Badaniem objęto 32 mężczyzn oraz 24 kobiety, kierowanych w 60,71% przypadkach z rozpoznaniem ICD-10: K92.2. Średnia wieku chorych wynosiła 65,02 lat (SD±14,69). Średnia długość hospitalizacji zarówno u kobiet jak i u mężczyzn wyniosła 5,11 dnia (SD±12,14). Wyniki krwi mężczyzn wynosiły średnio dla RBC: 3,28 106/µl; HGB: 9,26 g/dl; HCT: 27,94%; PLT: 229,13 103/µl, zaś u kobiet RBC: 3,26 106/µl; HGB: 9,76 g/dl; HCT: 29,12%; PLT: 240,33 103/µl. Terapia koncentratami krwinek czerwonych była istotnie zależna od wartości RBC (p=0,000), HGB (p=0,001) i HCT (p=0,000). Nie była jednak zależna od PLT (p=0,141). Podobną tendencję wykazała korelacja terapii osoczem z krytycznymi wartościami wybranych badań laboratoryjnych (RBC: p=0,000; HGB: p=0,021; HCT: p=0,005; PLT: p=0,116). WNIOSKI: Hospitalizacja pacjentów z grupy badanej dotyczyła przeważnie osób starszych płci męskiej, u których wyniki badań laboratoryjnych były zazwyczaj znacznie poniżej dolnej granic norm. Pacjenci kierowani do szpitala w trybie pilnym wymagają zazwyczaj terapii związanej z głęboką niedokrwistością. Pomimo wysokiego współczynnika przeżywalności należy rozważyć wdrożenie programów edukacyjnych mających na celu wcześniejsze rozpoznawanie objawów i wdrożenie diagnostyki w kierunku krwawienia z przewodu pokarmowego.

EN

INTRODUCTION: Bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract in the prehospital setting is often a cause of a life-threatening condition. The vast majority of cases (80%) involve bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract and the mortality reaches even 14% of cases. It is then necessary to quickly diagnose and direct the patient for hospitalisation as the most effective treatment in the endoscopic therapy. The study aimed to analyse the profile of the patient referred to a hospital by a primary healthcare physician with suspicion and/or diagnosis of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors attempted to assess the initial laboratory results of critical parameters (RBC, HGB, HCT and PLT) of patients admitted on an emergency basis in 2017-2020 to the municipal hospital in Siedlce, Poland. The total number of patients with bleeding symptoms referred by a primary healthcare physician was 843. The inclusion procedure included patients referred on an emergency basis only (n=56). The statistical analysis was conducted by means of the Shapiro–Wilk test of normal distribution, Spearman's rho correlation and Chi-Square Tests of Independence. All results were regarded as significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The study included 32 males and 24 females referred in 60.71% of cases with the ICD-10 diagnosis of K92.2. The mean age of the patients was 65.02 years (SD±14.69). The mean hospitalisation time was 5.11 days (SD±12.14), both in males and females. The average blood test results in males were as follows: RBC: 3.28 106/μL; HGB: 9.26 g/dL; HCT: 27.94%; PLT: 229.13 103/μL, while in females: RBC: 3.26 106/μL; HGB: 9.76 g/dL; HCT: 29.12%; PLT: 240.33 103/μL. Therapy with packed red blood cells was significantly dependent on the level of RBC (p=0.000), HGB (p=0.001) and HCT (p=0.000). However, it was not dependent on PLT (p=0.141). A similar tendency was shown in the correlation of plasma therapy with critical values of selected laboratory tests (RBC: p=0,000; HGB: p=0.021; HCT: p=0.005; PLT: p=0.116). CONCLUSIONS:The hospitalisation of patients from the study group concerned mostly to older males, whose laboratory test results were usually much below the normal limits. Patients referred to hospital on an emergency basis usually warrant therapy related to deep anaemia. Despite a high survival rate, educational programmes aiming at early diagnosis of symptoms and implementation of diagnostics for bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract are to be considered.

15

Change management in healthcare - a scoping literature review

88%

Bąk D. , Bąk S.

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tom 104

|

nr 2

23-33

EN

The healthcare sector is constantly changing due to many different factors, both external and internal, such as regulatory, organizational, technological, personnel, financial, and geopolitical change. Change management methods and tools are useful for effectively planning, implementing and monitoring change. The important issue is in which areas and to what extent change management is utilized in healthcare. The aim of this text is therefore to conduct a scoping literature review on change management in healthcare and to develop, based on the results of this research, a theoretical model of determinants and motives for implementing change management in healthcare. A scoping review of the literature was conducted to determine the extent to which change management is applied in healthcare organizations. Texts meeting the inclusion criteria were searched for in four databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and EBSCO. The search was limited to texts published in English. Of the 247 publications screened, 73 met the inclusion criteria. Additionally, 1021 keywords were selected from the screened publications, of which 137 met the inclusion criteria and were approved for the keyword analysis. The keywords formed seven thematic clusters: human, change management, organization and management, leadership, healthcare delivery, hospital management, and productivity. There are a number of motives for using change management in healthcare, and all centre around a few determinants that can be divided into those directly related to the specifics of the healthcare sector and those directly related to management processes. These determinants and motives were included in the theoretical model.

16

Digital Reputation Management in American Cancer Hospitals : A Proposed Model

88%

Medina Aguerrebere P. , Medina E. , Gonzalez Pacanowski T.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2022

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tom 15

|

nr 2(31)

265-285

EN

Cancer patients face complicated situations from an emotional, social and physical perspective. Hospitals help them through implementing corporate communication initiatives based on social media platforms. This win-win relationship allows hospitals to reinforce their brand reputation. This paper aims to better understand how cancer hospitals manage social media platforms for enhancing their brand as well as their relationships with stakeholders. To do that, we carried out a literature review about corporate communication in health organizations, as well as a content analysis about how the top 100 American cancer hospitals managed their corporate website as well as their corporate profile on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube for branding initiatives. Finally, we proposed the Reb Model for Branding Cancer Hospitals. We concluded that thanks to social media, cancer hospitals can reinforce their brand because these platforms allow them to promote human values, improve their internal processes and become a true source of scientific information.

17

Responsiveness to the hospital patient needs in Poland

88%

Gromulska L. , Gorynski P. , Supranowicz P. , Wysocki M. J.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2014

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tom 65

|

nr 2

EN

ABSTRACT Background. The health system responsiveness, defined as non-medical aspect of treatment relating to the protection of the patients’ legitimate rights, is the intrinsic goal of the WHO strategy for 21st century. Objective. To describe the patients’ opinions on treatment they received in hospital, namely: admission to hospital, the role of patient in hospital treatment, course of treatment, medical workforce attitude, hospital environment, contact with family and friends, and the efficacy of hospital treatment in respect to responsiveness to patient’s needs and expectations (dignity, autonomy, confidentiality, communication, prompt attention, social support, basic amenities and choice of provider). Material and methods. The data were collected in 2012 from 998 former patients of the randomly selected 73 hospital in Poland. Results. Dignity: Over 80% of patients experienced kindness, empathy, care and gentleness, and over 90% of them had the sense of security in hospital, met with friendliness during the admission to hospital and never encountered inappropriate comments from medical staff. Autonomy: About 80% of patients accepted the active role of patients in hospital, they perceived they had influence on procedures related to hospitalization and course of treatment, and they felt medical staff responded to their requests and concerns. Over 90 % of them had opportunity to communicate their concerns to medical staff and to discuss the course of treatment. On the other hand, the explanation of the reason for the refusal to meet their requests was given to only 23 % of the patients interested. Confidentiality: 70-80 % of patients declared the respect for privacy and confidentiality during collecting the health information and during medical examinations, and were not examined in presence of other people. Nevertheless, only 23% of patients examined so were asked of their consent. Communication: About 90% of patients declared they trusted their physician, received from him explanation regarding the course of treatment and information about further treatment after discharge from hospital, but physicians devoted the time and attention to only 70% of them. Prompt attention: Over 90% of patients perceived simplicity of the formalities of admission to hospital, and short waiting for treatment and additional tests in hospital (but only 50% received explanation of reason if they waited long). Nevertheless, 10% of them % of them perceived they waited for admission to hospital too long, and over 20% for admission to a ward as long. Social support: The unlimited direct and phone contact with family and friends was declared by 96% of patients. Basic amenities: The high percentage of patients assessed positively the marking in hospital (97%) and cleanliness of linen (89%), followed by the general indoor appearance room in which patient stayed, lack of noise (70-80%), hospital meals, furniture (60-70%), availability of personal hygienic articles (50-60%), cleanliness of hospital room, toilet, showers and bathtubs, and availability of soap (40-50%). Choice of provider: Only 41% of patients declared that they had influence on choice of the hospital. Conclusion. Responsiveness of Polish hospital patient needs is similar to that of the OECD countries of the lowest health system responsiveness. Compared to the Central European countries, the responsiveness in Polish hospitals is lower than that of Czech Republic and only slightly higher of those of Slovenia, Slovakia and Hungary.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Wrażliwość systemu opieki zdrowotnej na potrzeby pacjenta, definiowana jako niemedyczny aspekt leczenia odnoszący się do ochrony praw należnych pacjentom, stanowi samoistny cel strategii Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia na 21-szy wiek. Cel badań. Zebranie i przedstawienie opinii pacjentów o leczeniu, które zapewniono im w szpitalu, mianowicie: przyjęcie do szpitala, rola pacjenta w czasie leczenia szpitalnego, przebieg leczenia, postawa personelu medycznego, środowisko szpitalne, kontakt z rodziną i znajomymi oraz skuteczność leczenia szpitalnego, w odniesieniu do wrażliwości na potrzeby i oczekiwania pacjenta (godność, autonomia, poufność, komunikacja, niezwłoczna pomoc, wsparcie społeczne i wybór szpitala). Materiał i metody. Dane zebrano od 998 byłych pacjentów z losowo wybranych 73 szpitali w Polsce. Wyniki. Szacunek: Ponad 80% pacjentów dostrzegało życzliwość, współczucie, troskę i delikatność, a ponad 90% miało poczucie bezpieczeństwa, spotkało się z uprzejmością podczas przyjęcia do szpitala i nie spotkało się z niewłaściwymi uwagami ze strony personelu medycznego. Autonomia: Około 80% pacjentów akceptowało aktywną rolę pacjenta w szpitalu, postrzegało, że mają wpływ na działania związane z pobytem w szpitalu i przebiegiem leczenia i reagowanie przez personel medyczny na ich prośby i wątpliwości. Ponad 90 % miało możliwość przekazywania personelowi medycznemu swoich wątpliwości i omawiać przebieg leczenia z lekarzem. Z drugiej strony, wyjaśnienie powodów odmowy spełnienia ich próśb przekazało tylko 23% zainteresowanych pacjentów. Poufność: Chociaż 70-80% pacjentów deklarowało respektowanie prywatności i poufności w czasie zbierania informacji o zdrowiu i w czasie badań medycznych, a także nie byli oni badani w obecności innych osób, jednakże o zgodę proszono tylko 23% pacjentów badanych w ten sposób. Komunikacja: Prawie 90% pacjentów odczuwało zaufanie do lekarza, otrzymywało od niego wyjaśnienia o przebiegu leczenia i informacje o dalszym leczeniu po wypisaniu ze szpitala, ale lekarz poświęcał swój czas i uwagę tylko 70% z nich. Szybka pomoc: Chociaż ponad 90% pacjentów postrzegało łatwość załatwiania formalności związanych z przyjęciem do szpitala i czas czekania na zabiegi i dodatkowe badania postrzegało jako krótki (ale jeśli długo czekali, to tylko 50% otrzymywało wyjaśnienia o przyczynie), jednakże prawie 10% czekających na przyjęcie do szpitala i ponad 20% czekających na przyjęcie na oddział postrzegało czas oczekiwania jako długi. Wsparcie społeczne: Brak ograniczeń w kontaktowaniu się z rodziną i znajomymi poprzez wizyty i rozmowy deklarowało 96% pacjentów. Podstawowe udogodnienia: Wysoki odsetek pacjentów ocenił pozytywnie oznakowania w szpitalu (97%) i czystość pościeli (89%), a w następnej kolejności: wygląd wnętrza szpitala, salę w której przebywa pacjent, brak hałasu (70-80%), posiłki, mebli (60-70%), zapewnienie papieru toaletowego, ręczników papierowych i suszarek do rąk (50-60%), czystość sali szpitalnej, toalet, pryszniców i wanien oraz dostępność mydła (40- 50%). Wybór usługodawcy: 41% pacjentów zadeklarowało, że mieli możliwość wyboru szpitala. Wnioski. Wrażliwość na potrzeby pacjentów szpitalnych w Polsce jest podobna do notowanej w państwach OECD o najniższej wrażliwości systemu zdrowia. W porównaniu do państw Europy Środkowej wrażliwość jest niższa niż w Republice Czeskiej i tylko nieco wyższa niż w Słowenii, na Słowacji i na Węgrzech.

18

Krytyczna analiza polityki zdrowotnej w zakresie przekształcania szpitali publicznych w spółki prawa handlowego

88%

Szetela A. , Lichwa K. , Korniejenko K.

|

nr 1(13)

49-64

EN

The following paper critically evaluates the health care system in Poland, including the market reform of the Polish healthcare system between 1999 and 2010. The article presents the process of ownership transformation, including the scale and dynamics of the introduced reform. Apart from analysing the core assumptions and aims of the long-term programme entitled „Wsparcie jednostek samorządu terytorialnego w działaniach stabilizujących system ochrony zdrowia” (Support for Local Authorities in Healthcare System Stabilization) the paper analyses proposed solutions based on the so called „health acts package” including the health care activity bill. The main aim of this paper is to critically evaluate the health care system reform in Poland, mainly focusing on the process of commercialisation of public hospitals. As a conclusion it is suggested that the introduced reform does not solve the most important problems of the Polish healthcare system in a comprehensive and suffi cient manner.

19

Zvládání zátěžových situací ošetřovatelským personálem v nemocnicích a hospicích

88%

Marešová L. , Třešlová M.

|

tom 8

|

nr 1

55 - 65

EN

Coping with stress situations by nursing personnel in the hospitals and hospices

20

An impact of the efficient functioning of the ventilation and air-conditioning system on thermal comfort of the medical staff in the operating room

88%

Jankowski T. , Młynarczyk M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2016

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tom Vol. 17, nr 5

114--119

EN

Ventilation and air conditioning systems are necessary for developing proper parameters of indoor environment in operating rooms. The main task of ventilation and air conditioning in those specific areas consists in creating desirable temperature, reducing the number of microorganisms and the concentrations of hazardous gases and substances in the air, as well as ensuring the proper direction of airflow. In Poland, indoor environment in operating rooms has to comply with the requirements set out in three regulations (Journal of Laws of 2002 No. 75, item 690, as amended, Journal of Laws of 2002 No. 217, item 1833, Journal of Laws of 2011 No. 31, item 158, as amended) and the document entitled "Guidelines for the design of general hospitals". Given insufficient accuracy of the abovementioned national documents, it is a common practice to use foreign standards, i.e. ASHRAE Standard 170-2013, DIN 1946-4: 2008 and FprCEN TR 16244: 2011. When considering the conditions for thermal comfort, it is important to bear in mind a close link between air flow velocity and air temperature. Air in the zone occupied by patients and medical staff must not cause the sensation of draft. Furthermore, air velocity should be sufficient to eliminate interference caused by the presence of people and other sources of heat. It should also reduce the turbulence level in the air in the operating room. Efficient functioning of ventilation and air conditioning was tested during treatments and operations carried out on three wards of a Warsaw hospital. Tests were performed with the participation of medical staff from various surgical units. They were asked to perform minor manual tasks to simulate work on the operating table, and to complete a questionnaire on subjective thermal sensation. The applied methodology is widely used during testing of general and local ventilation in public buildings. Air temperature, relative humidity, air flow supply and exhaust air from the operating room were deter-mined on the basis of VelociCalc 8360 and Testo 435 anemometers with a 3-function probe and 3 vane probes with the diameter of 16 mm, 60 mm and 100 mm. Throughout the study, microclimate conditions in the operating rooms were controlled by the EHA MM101 microclimate meter. Test results showed that the microclimate parameters met the requirements of the aforementioned documents. However, individual thermal sensations reported by the medical staff pointed to the lack of thermal comfort and, in extreme cases, e.g. when using lead aprons during operations, perception of the thermal environment as ‘very hot’. The efficiency and type of air distribution in operating rooms has a decisive effect on the results.