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1
Content available Grass species as a living mulch – impact of sod and its weediness on apple trees
100%
Bialuszynska U. B. , Chaploutskyi A. , Polunina O. , Slobodianyk L. , Licznar-Malanczuk M.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2023
|
tom 76
2
The effect of furnace ash on yielding and microelements concentrations in selected grass species
88%
Antonkiewicz J.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2007
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tom 29
|
nr 1 Suppl.
3
Comparative cytogenetic study of some grass genera of the subfamily Pooideae in Iran
75%
Sheidai M.
Polish Botanical Journal
|
2008
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tom 53
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nr 1
15-28
4
Content available Diversity of Vegetation Dominated by Selected Grass Species on Coal-Mine Spoil Heaps in Terms of Reclamation of Post-Industrial Areas
75%
Błońska A. , Kompała-Bąba A. , Sierka E. , Bierza W. , Magurno F. , Besenyei L. , Ryś K. , Woźniak G.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2019
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tom Vol. 20, nr 2
209--217
EN
Grasses have a considerable potential for the adaptation to various, often extreme, habitat conditions. The aim of the work was to present the vegetation diversity of the coal-mine spoil heaps with the dominant share of grasses and to identify the main factors responsible for this diversity in the aspect of post-industrial land reclamation. The communities differ in reference to the species preferences to light, moisture, soil fertility and reaction, which is reflected in the wide variety of microhabitats in the area. It was shown that the increase in the abundance of certain grass species, including Calamagrostis epigejos, Festuca rubra, Festuca arundinacea, Phragmites australis, has a significant negative impact on the species richness, species diversity and the uniformity of distribution of species of the plant community. Preliminary analyses revealed that on post-mining waste, the biomass production of the dominant species is negatively correlated with biodiversity. The knowledge about the biology and ecology of grass species, as well as on the assembly rules may be used in the reclamation of degraded areas. Gaining the knowledge about the vegetation diversity of the coal-mine spoil heaps with the dominant share of grasses can be useful in planning the reclamation works, taking into account natural processes, which leads to the creation of a permanent vegetation cover at a given site, protecting it against water or wind erosion. In the future these areas may provide a number of important ecosystem services.
5
Grass stands management at setting arable land aside
75%
Santrucek J. , Svobodova M.
Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Agraria
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2003
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tom 40
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nr Sek.roln.
EN
A field trial with four grass species was established in the year 1996 in Prague, The stands were one or three times per year cut with the mass removing or one or two times mulched The dry mass yields and the share of the sown species (by weight method) were measured from the third to the sixth year of vegetation. The highest share of the sown species with the slowliest decreasing during the years was at Arrhenatherum elatius (41-72% in the sixth year), Bromus catharticus extincted in the fifth year. The species choose had a higher importance for conserving of the original botanical composition than the way of harvest.
PL
Doświadczenie polowe z czterema gatunkami trawy założono w roku 1996 w Pradze. Stanowiska te były koszone raz lub trzy razy do roku. Biomasa traw była usuwana, względnie stosowana jeden raz lub dwa razy jako mulcz. Plony suchej masy i udział poszczególnych wysianych gatunków określano począwszy od trzeciego do szóstego roku wegetacji (metodą wagową). Arrhenatlherum elatius miał najwyższy i najwolniej malejący udział z pośród wysianych gatunków (41-72% w szóstym roku wegetacji). Bromus catharticus zaniknął w piątym roku. Dobór gatunków był istotniejszy dla zachowania oryginalnego składu botanicznego niż sposób zbioru.
6
Content available The modes of teliospore germination of Ustilago trichophora [Link] Kunze ex Kornicke occurring in Poland
75%
Pusz W.
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
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2003
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tom 72
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nr 4
EN
Ustilago trichophora affects Echinochloa crus-galli and other species of Echinochloa genus. U. trichophora is a member of the order Ustilaginales, of which the germinating teliospores form a promycelium with sporidia. Investigations by Ingold (1996) proved that spores coming from various parts of the world germinate in a different way. The aim of the investigation was to determine the mode of germination of U. trichophora spores found in Poland.
7
Reactions of large pine weevil [Hylobius abietis [L.]] to the smell of selected grass species
75%
Korczynski I. , Kowandy M.
Forestry
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2001
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tom 04
8
Content available The use of nano-silver for disinfection of Pennisetum alopecuroides plant material for tissue culture
51%
Parzymies M. , Pudelska K. , Poniewozik M.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
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2019
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tom 18
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nr 3
EN
Initiation of tissue culture of many plant species is a very difficult stage due to appearance of many contaminations. The other problem might be a choice of media for regeneration. Initiation of grass species tissue cultures are thought to be very difficult. Therefore, a research was undertaken to evaluate the use of nano-silver particles for plant material disinfection and to estimate a medium Pennisetum alopecuroides. The plant material were buds and nodal explants that were disinfected in 2% NaOCl for 30 min or 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min. Half of the explants disinfected with NaOCl were soaked in 50, 100 or 250 mg·dm–3 Ag NPs for 1 hour. Explants not soaked in nano-silver were placed on media with Ag NPs at concentrations of 4, 8 or 16 mg·dm–3. An influence of growth regulators on Pennisetum alopecuroides was evaluated in vitro. Regenerated shoots were placed on MS media with: 3 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IBA, 3 mg·dm–3 KIN + + 0.3 mg·dm–3 IAA, 1 mg·dm–3 BA + 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA. It was observed that the use of nano-silver particles lowered the level of contamination. The best results were obtained when Ag NPs was used at concentration of 100–250 mg·dm–3 alone or as a supplementation of the media, at concentration of 4 mg·dm–3 for nodes and 16 mg·dm–3 for adventitious buds. The use of nodal explants allowed to obtain less contamination. Regeneration depended on a media content. The most regenerated shoots were obtained on the MS media supplemented with 1 mg·dm–3 BA and 0.1 mg·dm–3 IBA.
9
Effects of nutrient availability and competition between two grass species Leymus chinensis [Trin.] Tzvel. and Phragmites communis Trin. on the plant performance
51%
Ba L. , Xiao N. , Xu W. , Wang D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2008
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tom 56
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nr 3
453-462
EN
Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., a perennial grass, is a dominant species from arid to semi-arid steppes in northern China and eastern Mongolia. Phragmites communis Trin. is also a perennial grass, and is distributed widely in the world. In the natural grasslands of northeastern China, both species always co-exist as co-dominating species due to their common characteristics such as propagation both by seeds and vegetative reproduction. Replacement series experiments were used to test the effects of nutrient availability and competitive interaction on the growth performance of two clonal plant species. The experimental treatments included five nutrient levels (3.6, 7.2, 10.8, 14.4 and 18.0 kg organic matter per pot, 20 cm diameter and 15 cm deep) and five species proportions (20:0, 16:4, 10:10, 4:16 and 0:20 for L. chinensis and P. communis, respectively) with twenty tillers in total per pot. Each treatment had 10 replications. Growth characteristics including tiller height, tiller number, plant biomass, rhizome length and bud number of plants in monoculture and mixture culture were recorded and compared to examine the effects of nutrient and competitive interaction on the plant performance. The growth of L. chinensis and P. communis in mixture was influenced by the nutrient availability and competition, which depended on the combination between nutrient level and species proportion. The results implied that the intensity of competition should be lower in nutrient-poor habitats when the co-existing species demanded on the same limiting resource. P. communis benefited from coexisting with L. chinensis, especially under nutrient-rich conditions. The aboveground relative yield (RYabove) expressed in units of tiller height, dry biomass and daughter tiller number was recommended as an effective and simple index to predict the relative competitive ability for clonal plants. It was based on the regression for RY above and RYbelow (the belowground relative yield) against RY (relative yield), measured as yield in mixture divided by that in monoculture.
10
Changes in catalase and peroxidase activities in chosen forage grasses as a response to Microdochium nivale infection
51%
Marzec K. , Plazek A.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
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2008
|
tom 524
EN
The aim of the study was to investigate changes in activity of catalase (CAT) and non-specific peroxidase (PX) in leaves of chosen forage grasses during pathogenesis evoked by Microdochium nivale and to state if the activity of these antioxidants could be recognized as the physiological marker of grass resistance to snow mould. Plants of Festuca pratensis cv. Skra, Festuca arundinacea cv. Kord, Festulolium braunii cv. Felopa, Lolium multiflorum cv. Tur, Lolium perenne cvs Darius and Taya were hardened and then inoculated by snow mould caused by Microdochium nivale. The leaf samples were collected prior to infection, and 2, 4 and 8 days after inoculation. Each plant cultivars demonstrated specific activity of catalase and non-specific peroxidase. Skra and Taya recognized as more tolerant to M. nivale showed inhibited CAT activity during pathogenesis, however the infected plants of cv. Skra were characterized by a lower CAT activity than the control during the whole time of experiment, while cv. T aya 4 and 8 days after inoculation. No universal pattern of PX activity for all studied plant species was found. Skra cv. demonstrated the highest PX activity especially 8 days after the infection. Grass resistance to M. nivale may be evaluated on the basis of activity of both catalase and non-specific peroxidase. Plants more resistant to this disease are characte-rized by inhibited activity of catalase and activation of cell wall peroxidases.
PL
W pracy zbadano czy w liściach wybranych odmian traw pastewnych poddanych infekcji grzybem Microdochium nivale wystepują zmiany aktywności katalazy (CAT) i niespecyficznej peroksydazy (PX), a także czy aktywność tych enzymów może być uważana za marker odporności traw na pleśń śniegową. Rośliny Festuca pratensis odm. Skra, Festuca arundinacea odm. Kord, Festu- lolium braunii odm. Felopa, Lolium multiflorum odm. Tur, Lolium perenne odm. Darius i T aya były poddawane hartowaniu, a następnie infekowane grzybnią Microdochium nivale. Próbki liści zbierano przed infekcją, 2, 4 i 8 dni po infekcji. Każda odmiana wykazywała specyficzną aktywność katalazy i peroksydazy. Rośliny odmian Skra i Taya, które są uważane za najbardziej odporne na M. nivale, charakteryzowały się obniżoną aktywnością katalazy podczas patogenezy, jednak Skra wykazywała niską aktywność enzymu w czasie całego eksperymentu, podczas gdy odm. Taya w 4 i 8 dni po inokulacji. Nie ustalono jednego wzorca zmian w aktywności peroksydazy, który byłby charakterystyczny dla wszystkich badanych odmian. Odmiana Skra wykazywała najwyższą aktywność PX, szczególnie 8 dni po infekcji. Odporność traw na M. nivale można oceniać na podstawie aktywności katalazy i niespecyficznej peroksydazy. Rośliny bardziej odporne na pleśń śniegową charakteryzują się obniżoną aktywnością katalazy i podwyższoną aktywnością peroksydaz ściany komórkowej.
11
Content available Initial growth of Phleum pratense under the influence of leaf water extracts from selected grass species and the same extracts improved with MgSO4 7H2O
51%
Lipinska H. , Lipinski W.
Journal of Elementology
|
2009
|
tom 14
|
nr 1
101-110
EN
In multi-species grassland communities, plant growth and development are modified by both a number of habitat-related factors and physico-chemical processes resulting from the neighbourhood of other species. Plant interactions mediated through chemical substances are identified within the allelopathic processes. The allelopathic process involves excretion of bioactive compounds from plant or microorganisms that inhibit or stimulate physiological processes of the neighbour plants. The allelopathic compounds can exert a harmful impact on the emergence of seedlings, initial development and installation. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the allelopathic influence of the old sward on the plants sown as well to limit the interaction between these new plants. It is claimed that, among others, fertilizer components may partially reduce effects of allelopathic influences In this study we show the differences in growth inhibition of Ph. pratense seedlings caused by the water extracts of leaves of selected grass species and the amelioration of growth inhibition by addition of magnesium sulfate. The bioassays were performed on Petri dishes under the laboratory conditions. The activity of allelopathic substances in the leaf extracts was evaluated by the degree of inhibition of seed germination, seedling height and root length compared to the control objects (supplied with distilled water). The amelioration of the negative allelopathic effects by a complete nutrient component with or without the addition of magnesium sulfate was also evaluated against the appropriate controls and compared to the objects where blotting-paper was moistened only with leaf extracts. The present studies confirmed the defensive activity of magnesium sulfate against the allelopathic compounds of the tested grass species affecting the initial growth and development of Phleum pratense. The obtained results indicate potential elimination of the allelopathic negative influence of plants through suitable fertilization.
PL
W wielogatunkowych zbiorowiskach roślinnych użytków zielonych wzrost i rozwój roślin jest modyfikowany zarówno przez wiele czynników siedliskowych, jak i procesy fizyczne i chemiczne wynikłe z sąsiedztwa innych gatunków. Wzajemne oddziaływania roślin za pośrednictwem substancji chemicznych są utożsamiane z allelopatią. Polega ona na wydzielaniu przez rośliny (lub mikroorganizmy) aktywnych biologicznie substancji chemicznych, które hamują lub stymulują procesy życiowe roślin sąsiadujących. Substancje allelopatyczne mogą ujemnie wpływać na wschody, początkowy rozwój i instalację siewek (EMETERIO i in. 2003). Ważne jest zatem ograniczenie allelopatycznych wpływów starej darni na wsiewane rośliny, a także wzajemnych oddziaływań roślin wsiewanych. Uważa się, że m.in. składniki nawozowe mogą częściowo niwelować efekty zahamowania na skutek oddziaływań allelopatycznych. W badaniach podjęto próbę wykazania różnic w zahamowaniu wzrostu siewek Ph. pratense w warunkach oddziaływania wyciągów wodnych z liści badanych gatunków traw oraz tych samych wyciągów wzbogaconych o wybrane składniki pożywki. Biotesty wykonano na płytkach Petriego w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Za kryterium obecności oraz aktywności substancji allelopatycznych występujących w wyciągach z liści przyjęto stopień hamowania kiełkowania nasion, wysokości siewek i długości korzeni w stosunku do obiektów kontrolnych (woda destylowana). Efekty niwelowania ujemnych skutków allelopatii przez składniki pożywki oceniano na tle odpowiedniej kontroli w porównaniu z obiektami, gdzie bibułę zwilżano tylko wyciągami z liści. W badaniach potwierdzono ochronne oddziaływanie MgSO4⋅7H2O przed allelozwiązkami testowanych gatunków traw oddziałujących na początkowy wzrost i rozwój Phleum pratense. Wykazano możliwość eliminowania ujemnych skutków oddziaływania allelopatycznego roślin poprzez zastosowanie odpowiedniego nawożenia.
12
Bud banks of two dominant grass species and their roles in restoration succession series of a flooded meadow
51%
Li H. , Yang Y. , Zhao Y.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2012
|
tom 60
|
nr 3
EN
The primary goals of this study were to quantify the composition and size of bud banks and to evaluate the roles of bud banks of main dominant species Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. and Carex duriuscula C.A. Mey. in population maintenance over a 2-year period. The four experimental plots were in early, early-mid, middle and late seral stages of a flooded restoration succession after they had approximately 12, 10, 8, and 6 months’ flood durations in the Songnen meadow, China. Five quadrats (each 0.25 ´ 0.25 m in area and 30 cm deep) were each sampled in four seral spots. The differences of L. chinensis and similarity of C. duriuscula in bud bank characteristics persisted in the studied seral stages from year to year. In each seral stage, rhizome buds comprised most of the L. chinensis bud banks in 2003; in 2004, juvenile tillers predominated. Rhizome buds consisted of the majority of C. duriuscula bud banks throughout the study period. The bud densities of L. chinensis and C. duriuscula experienced a significant linear increase with the increase of tiller density at different seral stages each year, but the slopes of these relationships in L. chinensis were higher than those in C. duriuscula. The total bud densities of C. duriuscula showed a significant linear decrease corresponding to the increase of those of L. chinensis from the early to the late seral stage in 2003 and 2004. Bud banks are vital for population maintenance and the number of bud banks is a good predictor of population dynamics.
13
Content available Grass species as living mulches – comparison of weed populations and their biodiversity in apple tree rows and tractor alleys
51%
Baluszynska U. B. , Rowinska M. , Linczar-Malanczuk M.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2022
|
tom 75
|
nr 1
14
Man-made habitats - hotspots of evolutionary game between grass, fungus and fly
51%
Lembicz M. , Olejniczak P. , Olszanowski Z. , Gorzynska K. , Leuchtmann A.
Biodiversity: Research and Conservation
|
2009
|
tom 15
15
Evaluation of the usefulness of grass mixtures and sewage sludge for reclamation of dumping ground
51%
Kiryluk A.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development
|
2005
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tom 08
|
nr 4
EN
The usefulness of grass mixtures for biological reclamation of municipal dumping ground was investigated. Five mixtures and inter-genus hybrid Festulolium were sown on plots treated with 20, 40 and 60 t of sewage sludge per hectare. The highest biomass production was achieved on plots with Festulolium, and the best sodding was formed by Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra species. Dose of 40 t·ha-1 was the most favorable referring to sodding effect and biomass production under experimental conditions. Investigations point out to the usefulness of further study upon Festulolium.
16
Botanical composition and nutritional value of two-component mixtures containing red clover and different grass species
51%
Szyszkowska A. , Sowinski J.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Animal Husbandry
|
2001
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tom 04
|
nr 2
EN
The field experiments were carried out in 1994–1996 and were aimed at determining the nutritional value of mixtures containing Trifolium pratense L. + Lolium perenne L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum and Lolium x boucheanum Kunth. and Trifolium pratense L. + Festuca pratensis Huds.. Based on the botanical analysis, chemical composition and nutritional value, an attempt has been made to determine the variability of the parameters depending on the grass species. The percentages of grasses varied significantly and the variability expressed in the coefficient of variance ranged from 44 to 72.
17
Influence of plant diversity and earthworm casts on the abundance and species composition of the enchytraeids [Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae] in a lysimetric experiment
51%
Makulec G. , Pilipiuk I.
|
|
nr 3
18
Parenchymatous tissues from the early Neolithic site E-75-6 at Nabta Playa, western desert, South Egypt
44%
Hather J.
Acta Palaeobotanica
|
1995
|
tom 35
|
nr 1
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