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EN
In the paper, apart from interpreting the message of films: Carrie (directed by Brian De Palma), Over the Edge (directed by Jonathan Kaplan) and Elephant (directed by Gus Van Sant), I also describe how classes can be arranged around them. Thus, I join the debate on the space for such productions in education, especially in the methodology for training teachers-to-be. I indicate possible applications of feature films and a wide spectrum of benefits that follow from this approach. In fact, movies are still an undervalued but very effective didactic tool that engages pupils in authentic intellectual tasks that deal with important content and issues.
2
Content available remote The Creative Aspect of Sound Engineering Process in Feature Film
92%
EN
The aim of this paper is to discuss and clarify the numerous controversies regarding the creative aspect of sound engineering process in feature film. The author describes the core of the sound operator’s work and focuses on the analysis of two different methods employed by a sound engineering on the set: designing and recording.
EN
In my article I focus on two terms – culture and nature, revealed within two important movies for worldwide film history – Picnic at Hanging Rock (1975) directed by Peter Weir and Werner Herzog’s Kaspar Hauser Mystery (1974). A special way of showing these phenomena in both is connected with the protest which took place in western countries in the second part of the 60s and at the beginning of the 70s. In the article I consider different modes of defining both phenomena by the directors, taking into account theories of e.g. Siegmund Freud, Sherry Ortner or Wojciech J. Burszta and trying apply them to my analysis.
EN
Motifs of the Media Narrative ‘Female Migrant Worker’ in Ukrainian, Polish, and Italian Cinema: Lately, the image of a woman-wage earner, a migrant from another country, has become a particular symbol of the economic disadvantage of some countries and a symbol of the search for a better life in a foreign land. In the Ukrainian cultural context, the image of a wage earner in literature is classic: starting with oral folk art and fiction and ending with film images of the modern period. Instead, our study proposes to change slightly the aspect of view to the problem and to analyse it through the prism of gender and national stereotypes, highlighting the critical narratives of the history of migration and employment of women, not only Ukrainian but also Polish. This will remove some of the connotations of cross-national insults or under-appreciation and open up areas for further exploration of such narratives in film content. Stereotyped images broadcast in film material through rigid narratives are even more important for research because, on the one hand, they reflect specific structures of collective ordinary consciousness. On the other hand, they form them. It is, in particular, about the processes of the transgression of stable consciousness concepts through mass media. While analysing film images, we can trace certain constructs of narratives related to a migrant woman trying to earn money in another country. First of all, she appears as rightless, unadapted to another culture, the one who can apply for unskilled work (usually due to the language barrier and other factors), and under challenging conditions, her country is poor and does not give her opportunities; also women earn for family, that suits men completely, so there is an emphasis on the inability of some people at the expense of others, on gender stigmatisation.
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2012
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tom 11
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nr 20
212-216
PL
Małgorzata Szumowska – her strong position during the last decade in the history of Polish cinema seems unquestionable. Speaking with her own, original voice, she has successfully refused to be pigeonholed. The only thing one can be sure of in reference to Małgorzata Szumowska is that she will keep moving forward artistically. The main goal of the article is to examine this interesting journey, following selected threads, in particular, the need for love and facing death or a serious illness, in Szumowska’s filmography over the last decade.
EN
Małgorzata Szumowska – a Few Scenes from a Filmmaker’s Life (2000–2008) Małgorzata Szumowska – her strong position during the last decade in the history of Polish cinema seems unquestionable. Speaking with her own, original voice, she has successfully refused to be pigeonholed. The only thing one can be sure of in reference to Małgorzata Szumowska is that she will keep moving forward artistically. The main goal of the article is to examine this interesting journey, following selected threads, in particular, the need for love and facing death or a serious illness, in Szumowska’s filmography over the last decade.
6
Content available remote O (wielo)gatunkowości filmów pełnometrażowych Jana Švankmajera
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tom 24
11 - 24
EN
Jan Švankmajer, a Czech film director and artist is known mostly for his short animated films. In 1994, however, a change in his filmmaking career took place — he devoted himself to working only on feature films. This change of medium is connected both to the length of these films, and using language, narration and genre features typical of feature films. What is important, Švankmajer does not adjust his artistic visions to all the directives of a certain genre. Rather, the director chooses some elements of these genres, and creates new, hybrid qualities. Genres that have the biggest impact on his feature films are: horror, comedy, and speculative fiction.
PL
W artykule poruszono ważny społecznie temat dotyczący zaburzeń mowy, także u osób z niepełnosprawnością, oraz metod ich prezentacji w przestrzeni filmowej. Podstawowym celem artykułu jest sposób przedstawienia dysfunkcji w zakresie komunikacji w dziele filmowym. Artykuł próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytania: „czy otoczenie wpływa na rozwój umiejętności komunikacyjnych osób z dysfunkcjami?”, „w jaki sposób dzieło filmowe pokazuje relacje osób z zaburzeniami mowy oraz z niepełnosprawnością w kontaktach z najbliższymi?” oraz „na ile obraz filmowy jest zgodny z opisem naukowym danego zaburzenia?”. Zawarte w artykule rozdziały analityczne poświęcone zostały trzem zaburzeniom oraz wybranym filmom fabularnym, w których aktorzy prezentują umiejętności językowe i komunikacyjne postaci filmowych zmagających się z niepłynnością mówienia, dysfunkcją słuchu oraz mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym.
EN
The article discusses an important social aspect concerning speech disorders, also in people with disabilities, and the methods of their presentation in the film space. The main aim of the article is the way of presenting dysfunctions in the field of communication in a cinematic work. Other tasks of the article include attempts to answer the following questions: “does the environment influence the development of communication skills of people with disabilities?”, “how does the film show the relationships of people with speech disorders and disabilities in contacts with loved ones?”, and to “what extent is the film image consistent with the scientific description of a given disorder?”. The analytical chapters in the article are devoted to three disorders and selected feature films in which the actors present the language and communication skills of film characters struggling with speech disfluency, hearing dysfunction and cerebral palsy.
EN
Language and speech are essential in every human being’s life. People acquire linguistic competences from the early years that help them build grammatically correct phrases and linguistic skills thanks to which, they can adjust the message to its receiver and situation. All this helps build important for us relations. Unfortunately, people with disabilities, apart from physical and mental dysfunctions, are characterized by a different level of linguistic and communicative skills. In this article, I am going to present the language skills of fictional film heroes with autism spectrum disorders. I will also make an attempt to assess the accuracy of the correct presentation of language disorders among people with disabilities by film directors and heroes in relation to the professional literature devoted to the described autism spectrum.
PL
Język i mowa są niezbędne w życiu każdego człowieka. Od najmłodszych lat ludzie nabywają kompetencje językowe pomagające im tworzyć poprawne gramatycznie frazy oraz umiejętności językowe, dzięki którym potrafią dopasować przekaz do odbiorcy i sytuacji. Wszystko to pomaga budować ważne dla nas relacje. Niestety, osoby niepełnosprawne, poza dysfunkcjami fizycznymi i psychicznymi, charakteryzują się różnym poziomem sprawności językowej i komunikacyjnej. W artykule przedstawiono umiejętności językowe fikcyjnych bohaterów filmowych z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu. Podjęto również próbę oceny trafności prawidłowego przedstawiania zaburzeń językowych u osób z dysfunkcjami przez reżyserów i bohaterów filmowych w odniesieniu do literatury fachowej, poświęconej opisywanemu spektrum autyzmu.
9
Content available Kopalnia soli „Wieliczka” w filmie
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tom T. 17
87--105
PL
Kopalnia Soli „Wieliczka” oprócz uprzedniej funkcji za kładu wydobywczego, a obecnie obiektu turystycznego, pełni też rolę pomnika kultury narodowej. Jedną z jej postaci to od kilkudziesięciu lat plener filmowy. W Kopalni zostało zre alizowanych wiele filmów, zarówno dokumentalnych i edu kacyjnych, jak i fabularnych. Filmy z tej pierwszej grupy przedstawiają dzieje kopalni i jej walory górnicze, poznaw cze i przyrodnicze, fabularne zaś inspiracje czerpią z magii i tajemnic podziemi wielickich. Filmy realizowane w kopalni niejednokrotnie były na gradzane na krajowych oraz międzynarodowych festiwa lach filmowych. Pierwszym z nich był obraz „Wieliczka” Jarosława Brzozowskiego, nagrodzony w 1946 roku na fe stiwalu filmowym w Cannes I nagrodą w kategorii filmu do kumentalnego, oświatowego. W kopalni zrealizowano kilka znaczących w polskiej kinematografii filmów, w tym Na Srebrnym Globie Andrzeja Żuławskiego (1977 r.), Seksmisję Juliusza Machulskiego (1983 r.) czy Młyn i Krzyż Lecha Majewskiego (2011 r.). Walorami ważnymi dla realizacji produkcji filmowych w kopalni są: światowa marka obiektu, bardzo dobre skomu nikownie Wieliczki z Krakowem, doświadczenie pracowni ków kopalni przy realizacji tego typu przedsięwzięć, gotowa scenografia, ciągły ruch zakładu, umożliwiający pracę ekip filmowych także w nocy, a ponadto możliwość do wykorzy stania bazy hotelowej i gastronomicznej Wieliczki.
EN
Besides its previous function as saltworks and its cur rent status as a tourist attraction, the “Wieliczka” Salt Mine also serves as a landmark of the Polish culture. It has also been used as a filmmaking location and setting for several decades. Many films have been shot in the salt mine, includ ing documentaries, educational films, and feature films. The films from the first group depict the history of the mine and its industrial, cognitive, and natural values, while the fictional films draw inspiration from the magic and mysteries of the underground sites of “Wieliczka”. The films made in the salt mine have often been awarded at national and international film festivals. The first award ed film was the “Wieliczka” by Jarosław Brzozowski which received the First Prize in the documentary and educational film category at the Cannes Film Festival in 1946. Several films that became significant for the Polish cinematography were shot in the salt mine, including On the Silver Globe by Andrzej Żuławski (1977), Sexmission by Juliusz Machulski (1983), and The Mill and the Cross by Lech Majewski (2011). The salt mine presents important advantages for film pro duction, including the worldwide recognition of the facility, excellent transportation connections between Wieliczka and Kraków, the experience of the mine’s employees in carrying out such projects, “ready-made” film sets, or a continuous op eration of the underground facilities that allows film crews to work also at night, as well as the availability of accommoda tion and catering facilities in Wieliczka.
EN
To the present day researchers in cinematography have not expressed any deeper interest in Józef Piłsudski. There are only texts devoted to newly released history films (such as reviews and minutes of editorial discussions in film magazines) and a few popular overview pieces. In national community’s collective experience, Marshal Józef Piłsudski invariably remains a national phantasm – an imaginary myth, a specific charism identified with the regaining of independence (“the great builder”, “the father of the independence”, “the leader of the nation”, “the great Marshall”, “the commanding officer” etc.) and the victory over the Bolsheviks in 1920 (exemplum of anti-communism). This article consists of two internally complementary parts. In the introduction the author presents the figure of Piłsudski in the interwar cinematography (1918–1939). The main part is then devoted to the analysis of three major feature films from the People’s Republic of Poland period (Death of a President, 1977, Coup d’État 1981, Polonia Restituta, 1980), in which Marshal Piłsudski is a key figure involved in the narrative about history. This part of the article focuses on the falsification of the historical picture (historical figures, events, processes), the image that in effect was far from the historical truth and in line with the guidelines of the ruling communist party. Attention is also paid to the film makers’ and scientific consultants’ entanglement in the communist system. The analysis is based on source materials (scenarios, press publications) and subject literature.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na relację pomiędzy trendami wzorniczymi lat 60-tych, na przykładzie filmu polskiego, a współczesnymi trendami we wzornictwie i projektowaniu mebla. Odwołanie się do filmów z okresu lat 60-tych, jako jednego z istotnych źródeł wiedzy o wnętrzach tamtego okresu, ma stanowić pretekst do dyskusji na temat ponadczasowości ówczesnych projektów. W szczególności, uwzględniając kontekst polityczny i okres PRL. Jednocześnie celem jest pokazanie, w jaki sposób wykorzystywać można źródła filmowe w innych dziedzinach nauki, w ramach badań interdyscyplinarnych, poprzez analizę obrazu filmowego dokonaną przez architekta. Film fabularny jest w więc istotnym uzupełniającym inne, źródłem wiedzy o formach i wnętrzach architektonicznych.
EN
The aim of the article is to draw attention to the relationship between the 1960’s design trends, based on the example of the Polish film, and contemporary trends in furniture design. The reference to films of the 1960s as one of the crucial sources of knowledge about the interiors of that period is to be a pretext for further discussion on the timelessness of the 1960s designs, taking into consideration the particular political context in the Polish People’s Republic. The article, moreover, aims to show how film sources, analysed by architects, can be used in other disciplines of science, within the framework of interdisciplinary research. Summing up, the feature film is an important supplementary source of knowledge about architectural forms and interiors
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tom Nr 2
84-99
PL
Celem tekstu jest ukazanie mitu początku nowej państwowości jako kategorii legitymizującej państwo i system polityczny powstały w Polsce po roku 1945. W tym celu dokonano analizy wybranych filmów fabularnych powstających w latach 1956-1989 jako nośników treści propagandowo-legitymizacyjnych, a następnie wyodrębnienia i wskazania – na podstawie ich analizy – głównych elementów składowych tworzących mit początku. Celem tekstu jest także próba umieszczenia mitu początku wśród tradycyjnych modeli legitymizacyjnych oraz wskazanie jego głównych cech.
EN
This article attempts to reconstruct the mythology surrounding the beginnings of the statehood of the Polish People’s Republic after the Second World War. As the means of conveying political propaganda, myths were primarily propagated in the Polish war movies of the period 1956 through 1989. The myth pertaining to the origin of statehood aimed to legitimize the roots of the communist system in Poland. As such, it is the part of a broader mythology which developed over centuries in the national consciousness, the “myth of Polish statehood." It was used by the communists as propaganda after the Second World War. Its other mythological components include: permanence, reference to tradition and nationalism. Its main elements are: the portraying of the beginning of statehood as a drama, the myth of the army as an institution and the myth of the soldier as a charismatic figure, the myth of Western and Northern territories and the myth of the Bieszczady mountains as the new Polish Eastern Borderlands, the myth of the lost patriot hero, the myth of the folk hero and the myth of widespread support for the new state authorities in the years 1944-1947. It is important to note the attempts to connect the nationalistic (anti-German and anti-Ukrainian) threads with the elements of military ethos. It appears that after 1956 the current socialist realism was replaced by the myths of the beginning and the military ethics.
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