Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

New possibilities to characterizing wheat grain endosperm

100%

Fornal L. , Kozirok W. , Chorazewicz R.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2003

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tom 13

2

Autonomous endosperm in Viola odorata L.

100%

Wijowska M. , Kuta E. , Przywara L.

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nr 1

3

Individual variability of endosperm in apomictic Chondrilla juncea L.

100%

Pajak M.

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nr 1

4

Formation of Generative Organs of Switch-Grass (Panicum virgatum L.) Depending on Cultivation Conditions

88%

Dryha V. , Doronin V. , Sinchenko V. , Karpuk L. , Mykolaiko V. , Topchiy O.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, iss. 4

210--215

EN

The paper covers the issues of the formation of the generative organs of switch-grass plants (Panicum Virgatum L.) in the correlation with the varietal features and the weather conditions in an inter-phase period of "flowering-seed formation". Switch-grass is one of the most promising perennial cereal plants to produce bio-fuel. Widespread introduction into production is held back by low seed emergence, which is due to its large dormancy state. Therefore, to study the causes of this phenomenon and the ways to reduce it is of a real relevance. In the vegetation years, the size of pollen grains ranged from 22.9 to 23.6 mkm depending on the varietal features and the weather conditions in a phase of flowering and pollen formation. A significant difference in a pollen size in a correlation with the varietal features was not recorded; the tendency towards the increase or decrease of its size was seen though. In the years under study, the sizes of pollen grains changed under the effect of weather conditions, it occurred even within one cultivar. The pollen of all the cultivar samples had the smallest size in 2018 and 2019; and in the vegetation years of 2020-2021 the average pollen sizes were much larger for all cultivars than in 2018 and 2019. Over the years under study, on the average, no significant difference in the sizes of embryo and seed, depending on the varietal features, was recorded. The growing weather conditions had a significant effect on the sizes of embryo and seeds, their length and width, and it amounted to 98-100%. The most favorable weather conditions for the processes of flowering and seed formation were created in 2019, as compared with those in 2020 and 2021, which ensured the formation of larger sizes of both embryos and seed in all the cultivars. The correlation-regression analysis of the data showed a strong linear correlation between the length and the width of embryo and the weather conditions in a phase "flowering-formation" of seed with a determination coefficient R2 = 0.9163 and a correlation coefficient R = 0.96 for the length of embryo and R2 = 0.9613 and a correlation coefficient R = 0.98 for the width of embryo.

5

Pullulanase from rice endosperm

88%

Yamasaki Y. , Nakashima S. , Konno H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2008

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tom 55

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nr 3

507-510

EN

Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) in non-germinating seeds was compared with that in germinating seeds. Moreover, pullulanase from the endosperm of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Hinohikari) seeds was isolated and its properties investigated. The pI value of pullulanase from seeds after 8 days of germination was almost equal to that from non-germinating seeds, which shows that these two enzymes are the same protein. Therefore, the same pullulanase may play roles in both starch synthesis during ripening and starch degradation during germination in rice seeds. The enzyme was isolated by a procedure that included ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulofine column chromatography, preparative isoelectric focusing, and preparative disc gel electrophoresis. The enzyme was homogeneous by SDS/PAGE. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 100 000 based on its mobility on SDS/PAGE and 105 000 based on gel filtration with TSKgel super SW 3000, which showed that it was composed of a single unit. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by β-cyclodextrin. The enzyme was not activated by thiol reagents such as dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol or glutathione. The enzyme most preferably hydrolyzed pullulan and liberated only maltotriose. The pullulan hydrolysis was strongly inhibited by the substrate at a concentration higher than 0.1%. The degree of inhibition increased with an increase in the concentration of pullulan. However, the enzyme hydrolyzed amylopectin, soluble starch and β-limit dextrin more rapidly as their concentrations increased. The enzyme exhibited α-glucosyltransfer activity and produced an α-1,6-linked compound of two maltotriose molecules from pullulan.

6

Embryo and endosperm in Rudbeckia bicolor Nutt. - resumption of study

88%

Musial K. , Koscinska-Pajak M. , Sliwinska E. , Ilnicki T.

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

7

Nuclear endosperm and endosperm haustoria in Linum usitatissimum L.

88%

Biskup A. , Izmailow R.

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

8

Exogenous steroid hormones stimulate full development of autonomous endosperm in Arabidopsis thaliana

88%

Rojek J. , Pawelko L. , Kapusta M. , Naczk A. , Bohdanowicz J.

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nr 2

EN

Most flowering plants, including important crops, require double fertilization to form an embryo and endosperm, which nourishes it. Independence from fertilization is a feature of apomictic plants that produce seeds, from which the plants that are clones of the mother plant arise. The phenomenon of apomixis occurs in some sexual plants under specific circumstances. Since the launch of a fertilization-independent mechanism is considered a useful tool for plant breeding, there have been efforts to artificially induce apomixis. We have been able to produce fertilization-independent endosperm in vitro in Arabidopsis over the last few years. This paper demonstrates the methods of improving the quality of the endosperm obtained using plant and mammalian steroid hormones. Additionally, it shows the study on the autonomous endosperm (AE) formation mechanism in vitro. This paper examines the effect of exogenous steroid hormones on unfertilized egg and central cell divisions in culture of unpollinated pistils of Arabidopsis Col-0 wild-type andfie-1 mutant. All media with hormones used (estrone, androsterone, progesterone, and epibrassinolide) stimulated central cell divisions and fertilization-independent endosperm development. The stages of AE development followed the pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type after fertilization. Subsequent stages of AE were observed from 2-nuclear up to cellular with the most advanced occurring on medium with 24-epibrassinolide and progesterone. The significant influence of mammalian sex hormones on speed of AE development and differentiation was noticed. Using restriction analysis, the changes in methylation of FIE gene was established under in vitro condition. The authors of this paper showed that Arabidopsis thaliana has a high potency to fertilization-independent development.

9

Endosperm in agamospermous plants

88%

Czapik R.

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nr 1

10

Proliferation and differentiation of in vitro isolated and cultured endosperm of selected species of Angiospermae

75%

Bras M. , Nowakowski P. , Rzenno K. , Popielarska-Konieczna M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2008

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tom 50

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nr 1

11

Seed development in Solanum muricatum Aiton

75%

Kopcinska J. , Lotocka B. , Kowalczyk K. , Kobryn J.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2004

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tom 46

121-132

EN

In Solanum muricatum Aiton the development of cellular endosperm preceded the divisions of the zygote, and 5 days after pollination (dap) it consisted of several cells. The mature endosperm accumulated lipid and protein bodies. The separation and secretion zone on the embryo/endosperm interface was noted at 20 dap. The first division of the zygote occurred at 7 dap. The apical cell of the 2-celled proembryo produced the embryo proper, and the basal one gave rise to the suspensor, the central part of the root cap (columella) and the connecting layer of the embryonic root meristem. Four-celled proembryos were observed with the cells in linear arrangement at 8 dap. The first globular embryos were found at 16 dap, heart-stage embryos at 26 dap, torpedo-shaped embryos at 30 dap, and circinate embryos at 33 dap. After 56 dap no further changes were observed in the anatomical structure of the embryos. The testa of mature seeds was composed of the outer epidermis of the integument and a layer of obliterated parenchyma and endothelium.

12

Damage resistance and microstructure of barley kernels

75%

Fornal J. , Sadowska J. , Ornowski A. , Jelinski T. , Velikanov L.

International Agrophysics

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2000

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tom 14

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nr 2

13

A developing embryo of Berteroa incana changes its permeability for acridine orange

75%

Szczuka E.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

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1995

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tom 43

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nr 3-4

14

Changes in molybdenum concentration in the central vacuole and endosperm of Clivia miniata Regel

75%

Reczynski W. , Kowalska A.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2000

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tom 42

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nr 2

EN

In previous research, changes in concentrations of the physiologically essential elements K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B in developing ovules of Clivia miniata Regel (central vacuole sap, endosperm tissue and embryo) were examined. Now the authors present results of measurements of change in molybdenum concentration in the central vacuole and micropylar and chalazal parts of endosperm during development of C. miniata ovules. The analysis was performed with the use of flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, with Zeeman background correction and using pyrolytically coated graphite tubes. The dimensions of the embryos and their age (counted from the day the perianth wilted to the day of sampling) were the adopted developmental criteria. It was established that (1) during the inhibitional phase of embryo growth, the concentration of Mo in the central vacuole sap varied from 0.021 to 0.052 µg/ml; (2) the Mo concentration in the micropylar part of the endosperm was in the range of 0.032-0.085 µg/g fr.wt. and increased during the exponential and stationary phases of embryo growth; (3) the same increasing tendency was found in the chalazal part of the endosperm tissue (concentration range: 0.074-0.11 µg/g fr.wt.); (4) the concentration of Mo in the chalazal part of the endosperm was higher than in the micropylar part during the examined period of embryo growth.

15

Changes in concentrations of phosphorus-containing compounds in the endosperm and embryo tissues of Clivia miniata Regel developing ovules

75%

Reczynski W. , Czaja-Prokop U. , Ryczkowski M. , Pindel J.

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nr 1

16

New variations of endosperm development in Campanulaceae

75%

Zhinkina N. A. , Kamelina O. P.

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nr 1

17

Structure and thermal properties of starches of endosperms possessing different alleles at the amylose-extender [ae] loci in maize

75%

Utsumi Y. , Glover D. V. , Inouchi N. , Fuwa H.

Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość. Suplement

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2002

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tom 09

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nr 4

EN

TSK gel permeation chromatography of non-granular starches, amylopectin chain-length distributions measured by HPAEC-PAD, and DSC characteristics of starches of maize endosperms possessing different alleles at the amylose-extender (ae) loci were studied. GPC of non-granular starches through Toyopearl columns showed that elution profiles for 5 ae mutants, Oh43 inbred line ae (standard ae), ae- RWB-2 and ae-RWB-3, and W23xL317 hybrid line ae-PP and ae-Bol 561, were similar to a commercial ae starch, Hylon VII and different from Hylon ae starch and normal maize starches. The elution profile for W23xL317 ae-emll was similar to Hylon and different from Hylon and normal maize starches. HPAEC-PAD of isoamylase-debranched starches showed that the 5 ae mutants were uniquely ae type similar to Hylon VII and different from Hylon V. W23xL137 ae-emll had the amylopectin chain-length distribution similar to Hylon . Gelatinization temperatures (Tp) of the ae starches measured by a Setaram Micro DSC III were high compared with the normal counterpart starches except for Oh43 ae-RWB-1 starch. Oh43 ae-RWB-1 starch had structure and thermal characteristics similar to the normal maize starch.

PL

Skrobie nieziarniste badano za pomocą żelowej chromatografii podziałowej (TSK), zaś udział długich łańcuchów w amylopektynie oznaczono przy użyciu wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej, a skaningową kalorymetrię różnicową wykorzystano do scharakteryzowania skrobi z endosperm ziaren kukurydy, Dosiadających różne allele w ae-loci. Żelowa chromatografia podziałowa nieziarnistych skrobi na kolumnach Toyopearl pokazała, że profile elucyjne pięciu mutantów ae tj. skrobi z linii ae Oh43 (standard ae), ie-RWB-2 i ae-RWB-3, linia hybrydowa ae-Ppi ae-Bo 561 W23xL317 były podobne do tychże w handlowej skrobi ae Hylon VII i różne od tychże w skrobi Hylon VII i normalnych skrobi kukurydzianych. Wysokosprawna chromatografia cieczowa skrobi pozbawionych odgałęzień za pomocą izoamylazy pokazała, że pięć mutantów ae było wyjątkowo podobnych do skrobi Hylon VII i zarazem różnych od tychże w skrobi Hylon V. W23xL137 ae-emll miała rozkład długich łańcuchów podobny to amylopektyny ze skrobi Hylon V. Temperatura żelowania (Tp) skrobi ae mierzone za pomocą mikrokalorymetru Setram Micro DSC III była wyższe od tychże normalnych skrobi, wyjąwszy skrobię Oh43 ae-RWB-1. Ta ostatnia skrobia miała budowę i termiczną charakterystykę podobne do normalnych skrobi kukurydzianych.

18

Changes in DNA content during Lathyrus tuberosus L. endosperm and embryo development

75%

Knake-Sobkowicz S. , Marciniak K.

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tom 42

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nr 1

19

The development of embryo sac and mechanism of polyploidization in the antipodals of Epimedium pubigerum DC

75%

Unal M. , Yildirim C. , Ekal S.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

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1997

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tom 45

|

nr 2-4

20

Endosperm degradation during seed development of Echinocystis lobata [Cucurbitaceae] as a manifestation of programmed cell death [PCD] in plants

75%

Wojciechowska M. , Olszewska M. J.

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2003

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tom 41

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nr 1