Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Effect of Internet of Things Based Drip Fertilization System with Cultivation Model on Harvest Results and Quality of Red Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Crispa)

100%

Noerhayati E. , Mardiyani S. A. , Mustika S. N.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, iss. 9

326--336

EN

Plants on the land quickly wilt and perish due to the extended dry season, severe temperatures, heat, and glaring sunlight. This issue has impacted red lettuce, which has commercial value and high marketing prospects. Providing plants with water and fertilizer during the dry season must be efficient and exact. Excess fertilizer application pollutes the environment. In the dry season, drip irrigation with IoT-based liquid fertilizer distribution is projected to save water and fertilizer due to low discharge and high frequency. The study’s goal is to provide effective autonomous distribution of water and fertilizer to red lettuce plants in order to achieve precision environmentally friendly agriculture. A split-plot design with a main plot and subplots was used to structure the research. Each treatment in one replication contained 5 plant samples, for a total of 60 plants in this study, with weekly watering and fertilization. The findings show that an IoT-based automatic water supply and drip fertilization system can precisely regulate the distribution of water and fertilizer to red lettuce plants, thereby improving water efficiency, farmer energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness.

2

An impact of irrigation of selected varieties on highbush blueberry crop

100%

Masłowska W. , Liberacki D. , Stachowski P. , Kozaczyk P.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2018

|

tom nr III/1

565--573

EN

The paperwork includes estimate of irrigation on yield effect of highbush blueberry. The research was conducted in 2014-2016, on a small plantation located in Przyczyna Górna, in the Wschowski county, in the Lubuskie Province. The plantation’s area was 800 m2. The article presents an analysis of five varieties of highbush blueberry: Patriot, Duke, Chandler, Elliott and Bluecrop. The frequency of irrigation and the amount of water supplied to the shrubs depended mainly on the distribution of atmospheric precipitation and the optimal humidity that the soil needs in growing blueberries. The need for irrigation was determined on the basis of soil water suction measurements using tensiometers. The shrubs were irrigated with a drip line with a spacing adjusted to the spacing of blueberry bushes. The annual dose of water used for irrigation were from 144 mm to 303 mm. The research showed that the average crop increase amounted to 167%, because of irrigation. In 2015, which was a wet year, the increase was 140% and in the average year (2014) was 193%. It was not connected only with amount of precipitation, but with the distribution of precipitation at growing season. The best yield was noted for Chandler (32% of yield), Patriot and Bluecrop (20%).

3

Soil moisture distribution pattern of surface drip irrigated mango

88%

Soomro S. A. , Mirjat M. S. , Mangrio M. A. , Talpur M. A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 53

158--163

EN

At present, Pakistan has been facing acute shortage of irrigation water and farmers have been Rusing conventional irrigation methods for orchards, such as flood and basin irrigation, thus wasting huge amount of fresk water. Therefore, it is necessary to find efficient irrigation methods to cope with this major burning issue. The micro drip irrigation method is considered efficient but in the case of mango orchards there is a problem of irrigation frequency, number of emitters, and duration of flow from emitters to meet water demand. Considering the above, an experiment was conducted in the experimental field of the Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, by installing the drip system with two circular peripheries of lateral lines in clay loam soil covering the entire canopy of a mature mango tree. The radius of the first and second periphery around the tree trunk was 100 cm and 150 cm, respectively. Four emitters with 4 dm3∙h-1 discharge of individual dipper were fixed in each periphery. Emitters were tested for six different irrigation times, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h, to observe the moisture distribution pattern. Hydraulic characteristics, such as density, field capacity, porosity, infiltration rate, available water and permanent wilting point (PWP), were determined using standard methods (1.4 g∙cm-3, 33%, 49%, 8 mm∙h-1, 12.41% and 20% respectively). The texture class of the soil profile was determined as clay loam at the soil depth 0-120 cm. Fifty soil samples were collected at 0-10, 10-30, 30-60, 60-90, and 90-120 cm depths and at 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm distances on two opposite sides of emitters. The emitters provided sufficient moisture up to field capacity in clay loam soil with flow duration of 4 h. The maximum moisture distribution efficiency was 77.89% with flow duration of 4 h at vertical depth of 0-120 cm and 0-100 cm distance horizontally among four emitters as compared to 1, 2, 3 h flow duration which under irrigated the canopy area and 5, 6 h flow duration which excessively irrigated the canopy area of the mango tree. The water demand of the mango tree was met by 4 h flow duration which provided adequate moisture to the entire canopy up to 120 cm depth in the root zone and water saving was calculated as 15.91% under the installed drip irrigation system as compared with the conventional (basin) irrigation method.

4

Application of drip irrigation for cotton farming in Central Asia: The case of Turkmenistan

88%

Kulmedov B. , Shcherbakov V. I.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 52

119--123

EN

The main purpose of this study is to determine the optimum water consumption for achieving water savings and obtaining good yields in cotton production, which has been expanding in Central Asia and Turkmenistan since the 1960s. In the last few decades, water resources in the region have been difficult to access, due to the expansion of agricultural activity and population growth. The oscillation of the amount of water released from dams of the Amudarya River to obtain energy for the upper countries in the winter season has been causing crises in countries of Central Asia. An experiment was carried out in an agricultural field at a cotton research centre in the Yolöten district of Turkmenistan. The experiment led to the observation that it is possible to achieve higher efficiency and lower water consumption in cotton production. At the same time, the water savings that can be achieved as a result of using the drip irrigation method in cotton production throughout the country have been calculated. The calculations have provided the basis for recommending irrigation as a solution to the problems in question.

5

Evaluation of economic efficiency of irrigation in corn for grain production in 2005-2016

88%

Kledzik R. , Kropkowski M. , Dudek S. , Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska R. , Żarski J.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2017

|

tom nr II/1

587--598

EN

To evaluate the economic efficiency of irrigation in corn cultivated for grain, production effects were used, which were obtained from studies conducted by researcher team from the Department of Land Reclamation and Agrometeorology at the Experiment Station of the UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz in 2005-2016. The research covered the effect of irrigation on yielding of the crop. Economic efficiency calculations were made using the direct surplus increase calculation method. In each variant irrigation enhanced production effects. It was not always economically justified, however. The irrigation costs (for drip and sprinkler irrigation systems) per hectare were decreasing with an increase in acreage. Applying drip irrigation was economically unjustified in moist years and on average in the multi-year period. In the years with dry and average precipitation conditions the direct surplus was positive, except for irrigation of 1 ha. As for the sprinkler-irrigation system, a lack of economic efficiency was reported in moist years, whereas in dry and average years as well as on average in the multi-year period, except for 1 hectare acreage, corn sprinkler-irrigation was economically justified.

6

Effect of proline and humic acid application in salinity stress mitigation on some vegetables in hydroponics

88%

Abd-Elhakim A. I.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2023

|

tom no. 56

142--152

EN

The research aimed to find suitable solutions to reduce the salinity stress of irrigation water for some types of vegetables in hydroponics under two drip and mist irrigation systems. The different concentrations of NaCl for irrigation water, are 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 ppm used. Proline (30 mg∙dm -3), humic acid (300 mg∙dm -3) and compared without any from them were used to study their effect on the yield, and water use efficiency. The results indicated that the highest spinach and courgette yield (4.657 and 5.153 kg∙m -2) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest yield (0.348 and 0.634 kg∙m -2) was observed for the SW4000 treatment, respectively. The use of humic acid led to an increased yield on average by about 16.8 and 19.3% for spinach, and 39.4 and 51.7% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. Using proline led to an increased average yield of about 32.9 and 33% for spinach, and 51.8 and 58.4% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. The highest water use efficiency (WUE) of spinach and courgette (43.1 and 51.5 kg∙m -3) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest (3.2 and 6.3 kg∙m -3) was observed for the SW4000 treatment. According to our study, the use of proline and humic acid could compensate for the adverse effects of salinity under mist spraying more than drip irrigation.

7

Influence of dripirrigation and mineral fertilization on the content of minerals in strawberries

75%

Koszanski Z. , Rumasz-Rudnicka E. , Podsiadlo C.

Journal of Elementology

|

2005

|

tom 10

|

nr 4 Suppl.1

50

8

Water productivity under deficit irrigation using onion as indicator crop

75%

Tadesse K. B. , Hagos E. Y. , Tafesse N. T. , Dinka M. O. , Tadesse K. B. , Hagos E. Y. , Tafesse N. T. , Dinka M. O.

|

9

Soy Cultivation Technology with Gravity Drip Irrigation in South and Southeast Kazakhstan

75%

Yelnazarkyzy R. , Kenenbayev S. B. , Didorenko S. V. , Borodychev V. V.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 20, nr 7

39--44

EN

The authors studied the cultivation technology with drip irrigation based on renewable water energy in comparison with furrow irrigation in two agro-ecological zones in south and southeast Kazakhstan. Three soybean varieties (Lastochka, Danaya, and Akku) were used in the study. Due to the uniform supply of water to the roots of plants, drip irrigation has a positive effect on the quantitative characteristics of growth and development of soybean plants and the formation of productivity indices, as compared to furrow irrigation. The yield of soybean varieties (an integral index that depends on the irrigation methods) increased for all varieties by 5.6–10.6 c/ha with the use of drip irrigation.

10

Some maintenance problems of the drip irrigation in Poland

75%

Jeznach J.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

|

2007

|

nr 38

41-47

EN

Drip irrigation system will play in the future a signifi cant role in fulfi lling the requirements of intensive, energysaving agricultural production. Total area under microirrigation in Poland can be now estimated as about 10 000 hectares. Drip irrigation is applied mainly in orchards, vegetable farms and greenhouses. The investigations on drip irrigation have shown a high infl uence of the agricultural conditions on the operation and reliability and productivity effects of the irrigation system. Paper present the investigation of the operation of drip irrigation systems in various regions of Poland. The analysis is based on the results of the manufacture coeffi cient of variation Cv, emitter exponent n, uniformity coeffi cient and detailed observation of the work time, breaks, failures and any other damages to the system.

PL

O celowości stosowania nawodnień kroplowych w Polsce decydują przesłanki środowiskowe (klimat, gleby), ekologiczne (zasoby wodne, skażenie roślin, gleb i wód powierzchniowych i gruntowych) oraz społeczno-ekonomiczne. Według danych szacunkowych w 2006 r. systemami tymi nawadniano około 10 000 ha sadów, warzyw i upraw pod osłonami. Pomimo znaczącego postępu we wdrażaniu tych systemów wiele zagadnień wymaga pilnego rozwiązania. Przedstawione w pracy wyniki badań wskazują na systematyczne pogarszanie się parametrów technicznych emiterów w kolejnych latach eksploatacji. Intensywność tego procesu zależała od warunków środowiskowych obiektu, głównie stopnia uzdatniania wody, podawania nawozów poprzez system, wyposażenia systemu (dodatkowe fi ltry II stopnia) i stosowanych zabiegów konserwacyjnych (płukanie). Współczynnik zmienności Cv zwiększał się średnio o około 2% w pierwszych dwóch latach po założeniu instalacji i ok. 5% w trzecim i w czwartym roku eksploatacji. Dotyczy to zarówno emiterów kapilarnych, jak i z kompensacją ciśnienia. Zainstalowanie filtrów II stopnia na poszczególnych kwaterach lub przewodach nawadniających zdecydowanie zmniejszało przyrosty współczynnika zmienności Cv i wydłużało okres poprawnej pracy emiterów. Również płukanie instalacji, pod wyższym ciśnieniem wody, znacznie zmniejszało przyrosty wartości Cv. Zaobserwowano także podwyższenie wartości wykładnika potęgowego n o około 1,1–1,5% rocznie. Kryterium niezawodności umożliwia przeprowadzenie szczegółowej analizy wpływu poszczególnych podsystemów na funkcjonowanie całego systemu. W warunkach polskich systemy nawodnień kroplowych, spełniają przyjęte kryteria niezawodności.

11

Soybean Yield and Vegetative Water Consumption in Various Irrigation Methods

75%

Yelnazarkyzy R. , Kenenbayev S. B. , Ospanbayev Z. O. , Kalashnikov P. A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2020

|

tom Vol. 21, nr 3

87--93

EN

The influence of various irrigation methods on the soybean water consumption rates and yield has been studied. It was established that the yield of the Lastochka soybean variety using the drip irrigation was 52.6 c/ha under the conditions of the Ili Alatau and 49.6 c/ha in the Kyrgyz Alatau, which is 8.0–8.14 c/ha more than when using the furrow irrigation. In both zones, the soybean consumption rates depended on the soil-hydrogeological state of the land.

12

Effects of drip irrigation of summer squash cultivated on the light soil

75%

Rolbiecki R. , Rolbiecki S. , Wichrowska D. , Wojdyla T. , Ptach W. , Chmura K.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2014

|

nr IV/3

EN

In the climatic conditions of Poland the temporary lack of rainfall during the vegetation season, influenced on the water deficits in the top soil level. This situation can effect on the height and quality of yields in particular years. There is estimated that in the – so called – Large Valleys Region the water deficiency ranged 200-300 mm. Production of cucurbit’s vegetables in open field is strictly connected with thermal-rainfall conditions during the vegetation season. The optimal soil moisture is the very important factor for high and good quality yield. So, the production of the cucurbit plants should be connected with the irrigation installations. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of drip irrigation in cultivation of summer squash ‘Danka’ under light soil conditions. The trials were conducted in the years 2004 – 2006 at the experimental field in Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz – on a soil of rye weak complex. The plot area for harvest was 9,1 m2. The irrigation rates were done on the base of soil water potential according to tensiometer indications. The irrigation was started when the soil water tension was – 0,04 MPa. The fruits of the summer squash were harvested in the technological maturity in the second decade of September in each year of the study. The single weight and number of the fruits as well as marketable yield from the unit area were estimated. In the pulp the dry matter, vitamin C, sugars and carotenoids content were determineted. It was found that drip irrigation significantly increased the marketable yield of fruits. The higher yield increases were detected in the years with lower rainfalls. The significant influence of drip irrigation on the content of vitamin C and sugars was stated. The dry matter and carotenoids content were higher in the fruits from the irrigated plots, but the difference was insignificant.

13

Water productivity under deficit irrigation using onion as indicator crop

75%

Tadesse K. B. , Hagos E. Y. , Tafesse N. T. , Dinka M. O.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

tom no. 45

171--178

EN

Improving water productivity (WP) through deficit irrigation is crucial in water-scarce areas. To practice deficit irrigation, the optimum level of water deficit that maximizes WP must be investigated. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to examine WP of the three treatments at available soil water depletion percentage (Pi) of 25% (reference), 45% and 65% using a drip irrigation system. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The water deficit was allowed throughout the growth stages after transplanting except for the first 15 days of equal amounts of irrigations during the initial growth stage and 20 days enough spring season rainfall during bulb enlargement periods. Physical WP in terms of water use efficiency (WUEf) for treatments T1, T2, and T3 was 9.44 kg∙m–3, 11 kg∙m–3 and 10.6 kg∙m–3 for marketable yields. The WUEf and economic water productivity were significantly improved by T2 and T3. The WUEf difference between T2 and T3 was insignificant. However, T2 can be selected as an optimal irrigation level. Hence, deficit irrigation scheduling is an important approach for maximizing WP in areas where water is the main constraint for crop production. The planting dates should be scheduled such that the peak water requirement periods coincide with the rainy system.

14

Studies on drip irrigation of rice in Bulgaria

75%

Ovtcharova A. , Dimitrov D. , Georgiev G.

Przegląd Naukowy Wydziału Melioracji i Inżynierii Środowiska

|

1998

|

nr 15

15

Influence of drip irrigation on the height of the biennial cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) from the micropropagation seedlings

63%

Figas A. , Rolbiecki R. , Tomaszewska-Sowa M.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2015

|

nr III/2

16

Nawadnianie kroplowe ziemniakow

63%

Mazurczyk W.

Ziemniak Polski

|

2006

|

tom 16

|

nr 4

27-30

17

Perspektywy nawodnień roślin wobec nadchodzących przemian w polskim rolnictwie

63%

Rzekanowski C.

Ekologia i Technika

|

2000

|

tom R. 8, nr 3

83-91

PL

W pracy oceniono stan nawodnień w rolnictwie oraz przedstawiono perspektywy ich rozwoju wobec oczkiwanych przemian polskiego rolnictwa. Z 464 tys. ha uzbrojonych w systemy nawadniające ziem, tylko 60 tys. przypada na najnowocześniejsze systemy deszczowniane i mikronawodnieniowe (kroplowe, mikrozraszanie i podpowierzchniowe), co w porównaniu do krajów sąsiadujących, wskazuje na ogromne zapóźnienie. Istniejące urządzenia są z różnych przyczyn bardzo źle wykorzystywane i w dużej mierze uległy dekapitalizacji. Nadto w oparciu o przeprowadzone wieloletnie doświadczenia, wykazano dużą opłacalność nawadniania ziemniaków oraz upraw warzywnych (zwrot poniesionych nakładów po roku eksploatacji deszczowni). W Polsce powinno się rozwijać głównie nawodnienia ciśnieniowe, które winny być lokalizowane na lekkich glebach Krainy Wielkich Dolin. W pierwszym etapie (do 2025 roku) powinno się w urządzenia deszczowniane uzbroić około 750 tys. ha, do nawodnienia których potrzebne byłoby 1 125 mln. m3 wody, możliwej do taniego ujęcia ze znajdujących się w pobliżu rzek i jezior.

EN

Irrigation systems used in Poland cover nearly 464 000 ha, however modern systems, such as sprinkling and microirrigation occupy only 60 000 ha. The majority of these irrigation stations are dilapidated. Under conditions of shrinking arable land area and environment degradation it is necessary to use modem irrigation systems. Microirrigation in potatoes and vegetable production is a good example, especially on the area of Big Valleys Zone with special emphasis on very light soils.

18

Efektywność nawodnień kroplowych u wybranych gatunków roślin sadowniczych

63%

Rolbiecki S. , Rolbiecki R. , Rzekanowski C.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

|

2003

|

tom R. 7, nr 3, t. 1

151--160

PL

W latach 1981-2001 badano efekty produkcyjne zastosowania nawadniania kroplowego u wybranych gatunków roślin jagodowych i drzew owocowych w regionie bydgoskim. Przeprowadzono ścisłe doświadczenia polowe z następującymi gatunkami roślin: aronia, porzeczka czarna, truskawka, jabłoń, śliwa i wiśnia. Najwyższą efektywność produkcyjną wody uzyskano w przypadku uprawy jagodowych w warunkach gleby bardzo lekkiej na plantacji truskawki. W badaniach z drzewami owocowymi jednostkowa efektywność produkcyjna nawodnień kroplowych była wyższa na plantacji drzew pestkowych (wiśnia i śliwa) aniżeli jabłoni.

EN

Productive results of chosen drip-irrigated berry crops and fruit trees in the region of Bydgoszcz were investigated in 1981-2001. Field experiments on the following species were carried out: chokeberry, black currant, strawberry, sour cherry, plum, apple. The highest productive water use efficiency from drip irrigation of berry crops grown under conditions of very light soil was obtained for strawberry. In research on fruit trees, the water use efficiency of stone fruit-bearing trees (sour cherry, plum) was higher than that of apple trees.

19

Harvest index of potato crop grown under different nitrogen and water supply

63%

Mazurczyk W. , Wierzbicka A. , Trawczynski C.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

|

2009

|

tom 08

|

nr 4

EN

On the basis of the field experiment carried out at the Experimental Station at Jadwisin (52°29’ N; 21°03’ E), Polish mid-early potato cultivar Triada was grown on sandy loam in years 2004 and 2005 in 6 treatments, which included the application of water and nitrogen: organic (cattle manure) and mineral. Water drip irrigation and nitrogen fertigation were scheduled by the Decision Support System (DSS). Diverse water supplies and organic or mineral nitrogen did not change harvest index (HI) values, which varied between 0.7 and 0.8 at the end of the growing period. Average tuber dry matter yield, about 11.0 t∙ha⁻¹, in both years of the investigation was reached with different HI values: 0.78 for 2004, and 0.73 for 2005. Higher percentage of biomass distributed to tubers was found in 2004, which was characterized by lower cumulative thermal time and global radiation, as well as better water balance in comparison with the growing period of 2005.

PL

Materiał do badań pochodził z doświadczenia polowego przeprowadzonego w IHAR Jadwisin (52°29’ N; 21°03’ E). Średnio wczesna odmiana Triada była uprawiana w latach 2004 i 2005 na 6 kombinacjach zróżnicowanych pod względem ich zaopatrzenia w azot organiczny i mineralny oraz wodę. Dawki wody oraz azotu mineralnego w postaci płynnej (fertygacja) ustalane były przy wykorzystaniu komputerowego programu wspomagania decyzji (DSS). Zróżnicowane zaopatrzenie roślin ziemniaka w azot i wodę nie zmieniło istotnie współczynnika plonowania, którego wartość mieściła się w zakresie od 0,7 do 0,8. W obu latach badań uzyskano zbliżony plon suchej masy bulw, około 11,0 t∙ha⁻¹, przy zróżnicowanym współczynniku plonowania wynoszącym 0,78 w 2004 i 0,73 w 2005 roku. Zwiększona dystrybucja suchej masy do bulw wystąpiła w roku 2004, charakteryzującym się niższą sumą temperatur powietrza i promieniowania całkowitego oraz korzystniejszym bilansem wodnym w porównaniu z okresem wegetacji 2005 roku.

20

Efektywność nawodnień kroplowych w uprawie wybranych roślin warzywnych na glebie lekkiej

63%

Rolbiecki R. , Rolbiecki S.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

|

2004

|

tom R. 8, nr 2

125--133

PL

W latach 1991–2001 badano efekty produkcyjne zastosowania nawadniania kroplowego w uprawie wybranych gatunków roślin warzywnych na glebie lekkiej, w regionie bydgoskim. Przeprowadzono ścisłe doświadczenia polowe z następującymi gatunkami roślin: burak ćwikłowy, dynia olbrzymia, dynia zwyczajna (cukinia), fasola szparagowa, marchew jadalna, rzodkiewka, sałata krucha. Najwyższą efektywność produkcyjną wody z nawodnień kroplowych uzyskano w uprawie cukini uprawianej na jednokrotny zbiór owoców.

EN

Production effects of the drip irrigation usage in cultivation of chosen vegetable species on the light soil, in the region of Bydgoszcz, were studied in the years 1991-2001. Field experiments on the following vegetable species were carried out: red beet, winter squash, zucchini, snap bean, carrot, radish, iceberg lettuce. The highest efficiency of irrigation was obtained in cultivation of zucchini grown for one-phase harvesting of fruits.