Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Raport o stanie gminy i debata nad nim w świetle niemieckiej koncepcji demokracji kooperacyjnej

100%

Biniasz-Celka D.

Studia Prawa Publicznego

|

2020

|

nr 3 (31)

99-117

EN

Under the Act of 11th January 2018 amending certain acts in order to increase the participation of citizens in the process of selecting, functioning and controlling certain public authorities, the legislator has amended the provisions of all three constitutional acts, i.e. on local community self-government, district self-government and voivodeship self-government. The amendments concern, inter alia, the introduction of a mandatory institution, which is the report on the condition of the local community. Although the institution of the report refers to all levels of local self-government, this study concerns the local community, i.e. the self-government which is closest to its inhabitants, and which deals with the greatest number of issues affecting the quality of their life. The report on the condition of the local community is a form of presenting the issues listed in Article 28 aa section 2 of the Act on the Local Community Self-government, i.e. “the report shall include the summary of the activities implemented by the local community administrator in the previous year, in particular the implementationof policies, programmes and strategies, resolutions of the local community council and the citizens’ budget”. In addition to the obligation of presenting the annual report on the condition of the local community, there is a need for a debate with the participation of both councillors and local residents. This debate certainly provides an opportunity for direct communication between executive authorities and society. Moreover, a constructive and meaningful debate boosts the effectiveness of the actions undertaken by the local community administrator, which as a result may contribute to positive changes in how the local community functions, i.e. an increase in the effectiveness of the economy and in citizens’ quality of life. Following the ideas of German solutions in responding to local issues, the study attempts to present the institution of the report as a concept of cooperative democracy. The current proliferation of local democracy and the accompanying mechanisms of the new institutions may lead to broadly understood improvements in the conditions of local self-government residents.

PL

Under the Act of 11th January 2018 amending certain acts in order to increase the participation of citizens in the process of selecting, functioning and controlling certain public authorities, the legislator has amended the provisions of all three constitutional acts, i.e. on local community self-government, district self-government and voivodeship self-government. The amendments concern, inter alia, the introduction of a mandatory institution, which is the report on the condition of the local community. Although the institution of the report refers to all levels of local self-government, this study concerns the local community, i.e. the self-government which is closest to its inhabitants, and which deals with the greatest number of issues affecting the quality of their life. The report on the condition of the local community is a form of presenting the issues listed in Article 28 aa section 2 of the Act on the Local Community Self-government, i.e. “the report shall include the summary of the activities implemented by the local community administrator in the previous year, in particular the implementationof policies, programmes and strategies, resolutions of the local community council and the citizens’ budget”. In addition to the obligation of presenting the annual report on the condition of the local community, there is a need for a debate with the participation of both councillors and local residents. This debate certainly provides an opportunity for direct communication between executive authorities and society. Moreover, a constructive and meaningful debate boosts the effectiveness of the actions undertaken by the local community administrator, which as a result may contribute to positive changes in how the local community functions, i.e. an increase in the effectiveness of the economy and in citizens’ quality of life. Following the ideas of German solutions in responding to local issues, the study attempts to present the institution of the report as a concept of cooperative democracy. The current proliferation of local democracy and the accompanying mechanisms of the new institutions may lead to broadly understood improvements in the conditions of local self-government residents.

2

Wie viel Streiten gibt es in Streitgesprächen? Eine textlinguistische und sprachorientierte Untersuchung am Beispiel von Streitgesprächen in der Presse

92%

Duch-Adamczyk J.

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nr 37

55-70

EN

The interview as a journalistic text type has an established position in the mass media such as radio, press and television. The dispute as a special type of the interview plays an important role in these media. The paper deals with language and linguistic characteristics of the press disputes. Based on general concept of a conversation, the debate is presented from the perspective of linguistic and media studies. In addition, the paper points out the differences between dispute and conventional press interview. Special attention is given to the linguistic realisation of press disputes.

3

Między wielokulturowością a kulturą wiodącą. Niemieckie debaty na temat polityki imigracyjnej

92%

Tomczak M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2014

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nr 1(350)

95-110

EN

The object of the study was an analysis of the German debates on immigration policy. Their subsequent stages were strongly politicized and focused on various groups of migrants. The particular stages were differentiated by watchwords that defined the axis of the debate and at the same time highlighted German expectations and fears connected with the settlement of large groups of foreigners on German territory. The initial watchword was “multiculturalism”, then “parallel societies” and next “leading culture”. The last, so far, stage of the discussion is a heated debate triggered by a book by Theo Sarrazin published in 2012 and centres on the concept of “integration”. All the above mentioned notions are rather vague, lacking in precision, which made it easy to manipulate and abuse them. In consequence, the balance of the debate is by no means optimistic and in fact it is essentially antimodernist and destructive. Its subsequent stages are mostly concerned with potential dangers and this gives the impression that foreigners (or their large groups) are actually a threat to Germany and its culture. Such an attitude is closer to Huntington’s “clash of civilizations” than to the European enlightenment thought and contributes to enhancing hostile sentiments towards “aliens”. This might lead not only to their discrimination or exclusion but also to a growth of violence against immigrants.

4

"Debata" Tomasza Lisa z Jarosławem Kaczyńskim Techniki erystyczne wykorzystane podczas telewizyjnego wywiadu przed wyborami 2011 r.

92%

Jakubowski P.

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2013

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nr 3(25)

407-421

EN

The parliamentary elections in 2011, accounted for another installment of the rivalry between the two major parties: Platforma Obywatelska and Prawo i Sprawiedliwość. The most expected moment of the campaign was the debate between the leaders of the two formations, which could help the undecided voters to compare the images and programs of candidates. Lack of TV duel major politicians, made the interview by journalist Tomasz Lis with statesman Jarosław Kaczyński has become a substitute for debate. Because of diversity of views of both interlocutors and the course of the meeting, the event attracted a lot of emotion and audiences. Eristic techniques used during the program could indicate the involvement of publicist, who wanted to prove the falsity of the image of politics. Jarosław Kaczyński mindful of the experience of 2007, when he lost the debate with Donald Tusk, this time prepared to meet substantially, using a variety of techniques. The aim of this article is to present the most important moments of the interview and evaluate the role of event made for the election campaign.

5

Programming Agent Deliberation Using Procedural Reflection

81%

Leask S. , Logan B.

|

2018

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tom Vol. 158, nr 1/3

93--120

EN

A key advantage of BDI-based approaches to agent programming, is that agents can deliberate about which course of action to adopt to achieve a goal or respond to an event. However, while state-of-the-art BDI-based agent programming languages allow the programmer to specify the context(s) in which a particular plan is applicable, they are typically limited to a single, hardcoded, deliberation strategy for all task environments. In this paper, we present an alternative approach, in which an agent’s deliberation strategy forms part of the agent program. We show how both conventional agent programs and the agent’s deliberation strategy can be encoded in the agent programming language meta-APL. Key steps in the deliberation cycle of meta-APL are reflected in the state of the agent and can be queried and updated by meta-APL rules, allowing application-specific BDI deliberation strategies to be programmed in a straightforward way. To illustrate the flexibility of meta-APL, we show how three typical BDI deliberation strategies can be programmed using meta-APL rules. We then show how meta-APL can used to program a simple adaptive deliberation strategy that avoids interference between intentions.

6

The Effect of Debate Training on Argumentation Skills: The Developmental Process for Japanese College Students

81%

Mika N. , Ichi M. S.

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nr 1-2

4-12

EN

How do students acquire argumentation skills through debating? Although attempts have long been made to answer this question, a common limitation of previous studies is the tendency to ignore the potential of college students who learn how to argue in a community of practice. Cultural difference is also an important theme in argumentation studies, as individuals and a community co-construct the quality of their arguments. In Japanese education, argument is rarely taught in classes. Nakano (2007) pointed out that Japanese students tend to hesitate when arguing with friends, and are low in approach argumentativeness and high in avoidance argumentativeness, compared to other Asian countries. Parliamentary Debate (PD) is most popular and is effective for novice learners of argument (Inoue & Nakano, 2006). Every stage of debating, such as preparation, debate rounds, reflection and so on, forms a cyclic learning system, and this functions as an ideal community of practice (Lave & Wenger, 1991). The present study aims at exploring how members of a community acquire argumentation skills through debating. First, we identify patterns of argument produced in the community during a session. Second, we analyse transitional patterns, focusing on individual differences. In order to teach reasoning and persuasion to those who are especially unwilling to oppose someone, we need to have them realize their improvement with confidence by reducing their mental blocks.

7

Methods of communicative competence formation of future specialists in the field of law during the study of psychological and pedagogical disciplines

81%

KOZHEMIAKO N.

Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka

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2013

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tom 4

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nr 1

413-417

XX

The article deals with methods of communicative competence future lawyer in the study of psychological and pedagogical disciplines.

8

Między głosem a głosowaniem. Wokół debaty w Senacie RP o projekcie referendum z 2018 r.

81%

Kampka A.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2020

|

nr 4(159)

107-125

EN

The article discusses the relationship between deliberative democracy and the institution of direct democracy, which is a referendum. The article presents a rhetorical analysis of the Senate debate (July 2018) on the request of President Andrzej Duda for a consultative referendum on the amendment of the Constitution. Based on the arguments used by the senators, the author presented the conditions of a more deliberative referendum.

9

HISTORY OF THE MUSEUM CONCEPT AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES: INTRODUCTION INTO THE DEBATE ON THE NEW ICOM MUSEUM DEFINITION

70%

Folga-Januszewska D.

Muzealnictwo

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2020

|

tom 61

39-57

EN

The topic discussed in the paper is the change and evolution the concept of museum (Greek: museion, Latin: musaeum) has been undergoing for over 2500 years, as well as many of its different meanings: from the definition of a spot in space, including a place of worship, up to the name of learning form, research and knowledge centre, collection of texts and poetry, music and theatre festival, synonyms of a dictionary and encyclopaedia, library and a secluded study spot, up to large institutions co-creating culture and educating socially. Once museums had become social institutions, the process of defining their organizational form and their mission limits began. The International Council of Museums (ICOM), as an organization grouping museum employees and museologists, namely both practitioners and theoreticians, ever since its establishment in 1946 has on a number of occasions initiated works on a shared definition of museum. The paper assembles all the ICOM-proposed definitions in 1946–2007 presented both in English and Polish. The latest proposal submitted at the Kyoto ICOM General Conference on 7 September 2019 (Annex 1), however, for the first time aroused a heated debate and was not finally voted on by the ICOM General Assembly; instead, the debate has continued on the proposed phrasing since. The historical overview of the museum concept and the history of the ICOM museum definition presented against the opinions of invited Polish museum professionals is the ‘record of time’, documenting the considerations on the role and tasks of museum in contemporary society.

10

Agora sformułowanych myśli

70%

Więcławska J.

Recykling

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2013

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tom nr 12

37--39

PL

Nieodłącznym elementem Forum Recyklingu są debaty, podczas których uczestnicy mają okazję do wymiany własnych spostrzeżeń w zakresie szeroko pojętej gospodarki odpadami. W ramach tegorocznego seminarium, organizowanego przez redakcję miesięcznika „Recykling” oraz Międzynarodowe Targi Poznańskie, odbyły się dwa tego rodzaju wydarzenia.

11

Wprowadzenie stanu wojennego w kontekście debaty historycznej

66%

Kowalska F.

Refleksje. Pismo naukowe studentów i doktorantów WNPiD UAM

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2019

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nr 19-20

33-53

EN

Political discussion of the martial law is the cause of disputes over the correctness of its introduction. Despite the differences in views, it should instead be an attempt at mutual understanding and national unity. Participants in public debate should show understanding of the other party’s views and high personal culture, which does not always go hand in hand with the theses expressed. However, many still show that it is worth participating in such a social discussion. This may contribute to expanding the historical knowledge of Polish society. The article contains a discussion of selected leading representatives from the world of science and journalism. The introduction of martial law is, according to many, one of the most important events in Poland after World War II.

PL

Dyskusja polityczna nad stanem wojennym jest przyczyną sporów nad słusznością jego wprowadzenia. Mimo różnic w poglądach powinna być natomiast próbą wzajemnego zrozumienia i narodowej jedności. Uczestnicy debaty publicznej powinni wykazywać zrozumienie dla poglądów drugiej strony i wysoką kulturę osobistą, co nie zawsze idzie w parze z głoszonymi tezami. Wielu jednak wciąż pokazuje, że warto brać udział w takiej ogólnospołecznej dyskusji. Może się to przyczynić do poszerzenia wiedzy historycznej społeczeństwa polskiego. Artykuł zawiera omówienie wybranych czołowych przedstawicieli ze świata nauki i publicystyki. Wprowadzenie stanu wojennego jest zdaniem wielu jednym z najważniejszych wydarzeń w dziejach Polski po II wojnie światowej.

12

Reformulation, négociation et progression discursive dans le débat radiophonique. Enjeux pour le développement de l’enseignement/apprentissage de la compétence discursive

60%

Richard É. , Drouet G.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2017

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tom 44

|

nr 2

47-66

EN

In this article, we deal with listening comprehension skills as we would like to define it anew in light of an oral speech analysis perspective insisting on developing the communicative expertise. In order to do so, we rely on a methodology that implies observation and analysis of oral speech and that highlights the language dynamics and the multiple enunciative point of views structuring radio programme debates.

13

Active Teaching Methods in Education for Sustainability as Applied in Good Practices of Local Communities

58%

Kostyuchenko N. , Smolennikov D.

Studia Periegetica

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2016

|

tom 15(1)

145-158

EN

This paper is dedicated to active teaching and learning methods in education for sustainability. Active teaching methods such as case studies, simulation games, debates, and roleplaying are described in a step-by-step direction. Examples of the good practices of local communities in education for sustainability are provided in the paper.

14

Ulrich Zwingli und die Reformation in der Schweiz

58%

Nowak J.

Studia Oecumenica

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2017

|

tom 17

209-220

EN

Ulrich Zwingli was born on 1st January 1484 in Wildhaus. He studied in Vienna and Basel. After a few months of theological study was ordained a priest in 1506, and took over the parish community in Glarus, where he stayed until 1516. From 1516 to 1518 he was a priest in the Pilgrimage Centre in Einsiedeln. In December 1518 he was appointed to Zurich. Zwingli’s reformation activity in Zurich revealed in 1520 as preaching activity, theological disputes and removal worship objects from the churches as well as the Lord’s Supper celebration associated with two symbols since 1525. The theological disputation with Luther in 1529 in Marburg, who recognised those changes in the Church as a new dogmatic and disciplinary order, showed to Zwingli his own reformation. It was more radical and dynamic, developing and eliminating the authority of theology. These views became the basis and the content of the First Helvetian Confession of Faith from 1536 laid by Zwingli’s successor H. Bullinger.

PL

Ulrich Zwingli urodził się 1 stycznia 1484 r. w Wildhaus. Studiował w Wiedniu i Bazylei. Po paru miesiącach studium teologicznego przyjął w roku 1506 święcenia kapłańskie i przejął wspólnotę parafialną w Glarus, gdzie przebywał do roku 1516. W latach 1516 –1518 był duszpasterzem w centrum pielgrzymkowym w Einsiedeln. W grudniu 1518 r. został powołany do Zurychu. Reformacyjna działalność Zwingliego w Zurychu przejawia się od 1520 r. w działalności kaznodziejskiej, w dysputach teologicznych i usuwaniu z kościołów przedmiotów kultu oraz w sprawowaniu od 1525 r. Wieczerzy Pańskiej pod dwoma postaciami. W dyspucie teologicznej w 1529 r. w Marburgu z Lutrem, który dokonane w Kościele zmiany uznał za nowy porządek dogmatyczny i dyscyplinarny, ukazał Zwingli własny nurt reformacyjny, bardziej radykalny, dynamiczny, rozwojowy i eliminujący autorytet teologii. Poglądy te stały się podstawą treści ułożonego przez jego następcę, H. Bullingera, pierwszego Helweckiego Wyznania Wiary z 1536 r.

15

O potrzebie moralności życia publicznego

58%

Środa M.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2022

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tom 50

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nr 1-4

333-351

EN

The content of this article consists of three theses. The first is that morality is divided into at least two separate spheres: the morality of private life and the morality of public life, which - in turn - includes morality related to professional roles (professional ethics) and – the more common - civic morality. The second thesis is that the morality of public life (especially civic life) cannot be deduced from the morality of private life and vice versa. Third thesis is that there is an urgent need to introduce civic education which would instill the set of values, norms, dispositions and practical skills proposed by the author.

16

Dialog i TRIALOG jako metoda debaty na temat innowacyjnych koncepcji z dziedziny techniki, organizacji, zagadnień społecznych

58%

Folta M.

|

tom R. 61, nr 6

14-20

17

Glottodydaktyka wobec wielości teorii argumentacji. Modelowanie kompetencji rozumienia debaty radiowej

58%

Wojciechowska B.

Res Rhetorica

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2022

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tom 9

|

nr 1

88-105

EN

This article discusses the issue of choosing the theory of argumentation as the basis for educating interpretative competences in a foreign language and discusses it in relation to the understanding of radio debate. Starting from the assumption that the conceptualization of debate determines the type of intellectual activities that allow it to be understood, a genre and rhetorical model of this genre of discourse was proposed and the skills necessary for its critical reception were derived from it.

PL

W niniejszym artykule podjęto problematykę wyboru teorii argumentacji jako podstawy kształcenia kompetencji interpretacyjnych w języku obcym i omówiono ją w odniesieniu do rozumienia debaty radiowej. Wychodząc z założenia, że konceptualizacja debaty wyznacza rodzaj działań intelektualnych, które pozwalają ją zrozumieć, zaproponowano gatunkowy i retoryczny model tego gatunku dyskursu oraz wyprowadzono z niego umiejętności niezbędne dla jego krytycznego odbioru.

18

Польська грушевськіана кінця ХІХ - початку ХХ ст.: постаті та ідеї

58%

Тельвак В.

Studia Polsko-Ukraińskie

|

2016

|

tom 3

49-68

EN

The article presents the opinions about Mykhailo Hrushevsky’s life and work presented in the Polish historical and journalistic literature of the late 19th and early 20th century. Two periods in the development of Polish Hrushevskiana have been determined. The first one (the second half of the 1890s) is represented by a generally objective and scientific approach – specific research issues were actualised at that time, and a discussion that took place at the time was steered in the direction of finding the most appropriate solutions to the problem. The next one (the beginning of the 20th century) brought about a significant radicalisation of the Ukrainian and Polish national movements, and hence the aggravation of Polish-Ukrainian relations, which was reflected in the nature of the historiographical debates towards their politicisation. The basic characteristics and trends of the Polish Hrushevskiana have been revealed. The total dependence on historiographical assessments of the changed political landscape had been specified. It is concluded that Hrushevsky’s historiographical concepts in Polish historians’ interpretations embodied the conceptual basis of entire Ukrainian Clio. The process of politicisation of the Ukrainian-Polish historiographical debate at the beginning of the 20th century, to the aggravation to which the both parties have contributed, reflected a general tension in the relations between the neighbouring nations on the eve of the Great War. The revival of the dialogue of the previous period and its transformation into a monologue focused entirely on the collecting of national grievances brought about significant difficulties in seeking the international understanding during the war and after the emergence of the Second Polish Republic.

19

THE DEBATE OF SCEPTICS AND PLATONISTS IN EUROPEAN ROMANTICISM

58%

Lessenich R.

|

tom 18

7-17

EN

The author identifies two main lines in the European history of ideas since Antiquity: Platonism and Pyrrhonism (scepticism). He employs these philosophical categories in the widest sense of the word – they should be understood as distinct “worldviews”. The paper tries to establish the significance of these intellectual attitudes for romantic poetry. It turns out that romantic poets usually do not identify themselves completely with one worldview only.

20

„Wir schaffen das, wenn...“ Anspielungen in Artikelüberschriften am Beispiel der deutschen Einwanderungsdebatte

58%

Mészáros A.

Convivium. Germanistisches Jahrbuch Polen

|

2016

111-130

PL

Tematem artykułu jest analiza roli aluzji w debacie dotyczącej imigracji, toczącej się na łamach niemieckich czasopism. W części teoretycznej zostanie przedstawione pojęcie aluzji nie tylko jako oczywiste odniesienie do innego tekstu, ale także jako środek służący zbudowaniu interakcji pomiędzy autorem a czytelnikiem. W części empirycznej, na podstawie konkretnych przykładów, stworzona zostanie typologia, która klasyfikuje aluzję według jej źródła oraz rodzaju odniesienia do tekstu pierwotnego.

EN

This paper examines the use of allusions in article headlines, using the example of the coverage of German immigration. In the theoretical section, allusions are presented as a phenomenon that functions not only as a manifestation of intertextuality, but rather as a creative instrument in an interactive process between the author and the reader. In the empirical section, a typology is created by means of concrete examples, which classifies allusions according to the source range and by way of references to the ‘urtext’. The analysis results are interpreted and conclusions are drawn.

DE

Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über die Rolle von Anspielungen in Artikelüberschriften am Beispiel des deutschen Einwanderungsdiskurses. Im theoretischen Teil werden Anspielungen als ein Phänomen dargestellt, das nicht nur als bloße Manifestation von Intertextualität, sondern vielmehr als kreatives Mittel in einem interaktiven Prozess zwischen Autor/in und Leser/in fungiert. Im empirischen Teil wird anhand konkreter Beispiele eine Typologie erstellt, die Anspielungen nach dem Quellenbereich und nach Art der Bezugnahme auf den Prätext klassifiziert.