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1

Sobre las preferencias léxicas en los registros coloquial y formal en L1 y L2

100%

Fernández Jódar R.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2019

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tom 46

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nr 4

149-162

PL

As is well known, formal and colloquial registers should not be understood as two independent departments without any relation between them, but as two extremes of the continuum of speech. It should be added that this continuum will be different for speakers of different languages, since certain lexical, pragmatic or syntactic elements, among others, can be understood as corresponding to different registers, either due to the influence of the L1 or the learning process. The aim of this study is to analyze the existence of pairs of lexical preferences according to the register. In addition, it will be checked if these lexical preferences are given in both L1 and L2.

2

El estudio contrastivo-pragmático entre primeras y segundas lenguas de los registros formal y coloquial

86%

Fernández Jódar R.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2021

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tom 48

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nr 2

77-86

EN

In this article we intend to present the theoretical bases for the contrastive study of colloquial and formal registers from a pragmatic point of view. Although we start from the point of view of contrastive linguistics, we consider that neither the comparison of the theoretical grammars of two languages, nor the description of specific actions of learners of an L2, can show the nuances of the formal and colloquial registers.Formal and colloquial registers should not be understood as watertight departments with no relationship between them, but as two extremes within the continuum of speech. Obviously, this continuum will differ depending on the language in question, since certain lexical, pragmatic or syntactic elements, among others, can be understood as corresponding to different registers.Now, how should we face the contrast of this continuum belonging to different languages? In the paper we present both the techniques used to measure the attitude of the interviewees regarding different elements of the colloquial and formal records, as well as the concepts that will help us to analyse the data obtained. Finally, the analysis can draw conclusions that refer to the learning process and the teaching process.

3

Ke kvalifikátoru kolokviální v »Akademickém slovníku současné češtiny«

72%

Štěpán J.

Bohemistyka

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2020

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nr 2

177-185

EN

The article deals with the concepts of colloquial-standard Czech, everyday Czech and common Czech. The concept of the standard Czech and its norm is analysed in more detail; this analysis is used also as a starting point for the evaluation of words from the point of view of their (non-)standardness. The paper criticises the broad definition and use of the qualifier kolokviální, used for the units of the spoken informal language in the article by P. Kochová and Z. Opavská devoted to the preparation of the Academic Dictionary of the Contemporary Czech. Instead of the qualifier colloquial delimited in this way, the author proposes – on the data of univerbation units, loanwords and new meanings – to use both the qualifier non-standard and the newly more narrowly delimited qualifier colloquial, which would correspond to the qualifier colloquial-standard in the existing dictionaries. The article arrives to the conclusion that the conception of P. Kochová and Z. Opavská would disrupt the integrity of the standard Czech, because with their broadly delimited qualifier colloquial non-standard words would enter into the standard Czech.

CS

Článek pracuje s pojmy hovorová, běžně mluvená a obecná čeština. Podrobněji se zabývá pojmem spisovná čeština a její norma, což je východiskem při hodnocení slov z hlediska spisovnosti a nespisovnosti. Příspěvek kritizuje širokou definici i užívání kvalifikátoru kolokviální, který se používá pro jednotky mluveného neformálního jazyka v článku P. Kochové a Z. Opavské při přípravě Akademického slovníku současné češtiny. Místo takto vymezeného kvalifikátoru kolokviální se navrhuje na konkrétním materiálu (univerbizáty, slova cizího původu, nové významy) užívat jednak kvalifikátoru nespisovný, jednak nově úžeji vymezeného kvalifikátoru kolokviální, který odpovídá kvalifikátoru hovorový (spisovný) v dosavadních slovnících. Článek dochází k závěru, že pojetí P. Kochové a Z. Opavské by narušilo integritu spisovné češtiny, protože by se s jejich široce vymezeným kvalifikátorem kolokviální do spisovné češtiny dostala nespisovná slova.

4

Rendering stylistically marked units in the novel Depeche Mode by Serhiy Zhadan: a comparative study

58%

ONYSHCHUK M.

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum

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2019

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tom 7

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nr 1

183-202

PL

Badanie analizuje leksemy i kombinacje słów w stylu potocznym, slangu i języku potocznym, przeprowadza ich analizę porównawczą na poziomie słów, analizuje wzorce transformacyjne, które ulegają zmianom podczas tłumaczenia literackiego na język angielski i rosyjski oraz omawia zalety i wady stosowanych strategii tłumaczeniowych, sugerując odpowiednie rozwiązania tłumaczeniowe. W artykule argumentuje się, iż strategie tłumaczenia leksykonu poniżej normy odzwierciedlają interdyscyplinarny charakter ekspresyjnego znaczenia i konotacji, które mogą być przekazywane w różny sposób na różnych poziomach językowych podczas tłumaczenia literackiego.

EN

The study analyzes lexemes and word combinations of colloquial style, slang and low colloquial language, performs their comparative analysis at word level, looks into the transformational patterns that the structures undergo during literary translation into English and Russian, and discusses the advantages and flaws of the applied translation strategies through suggesting adequate translation solutions. In the article, the argument is made that the translation strategies of substandard lexis reflect the interdisciplinary nature of expressive meaning and connotation which can be conveyed differently through various language levels during literary translation.

5

Ideje klasického Pražského lingvistického kroužku jsou i dnes aktuální

58%

Sgall P.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

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2008

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tom 69

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nr 1-2

34-43

EN

Ideas concerning several areas are still fruitful: (1) The concept of markedness as underlying the difference between the centre of the language system, patterned in a relatively simple way, and its vast and complex periphery. (2) Dependency (valency) based syntax, tested in detail and enriched in the Prague Dependency Treebank. (3) The description of the topic-focus articulation, connected with the scope of negation, presupposition and allegation; the fundamental nature of the articulation and a relatively perspicuous description of its interplay with syntactic dependency within the underlying sentence structure. (4) In linguistic typology, a single basic structural property of every type: the manner of expression of grammatical values is favourable to the other properties. (5) The stratification of Czech as a national language, with colloquial speech exhibiting an oscillation of forms of the “literary” norm and of Common Czech. This attitude is only slowly finding its way into school education. (6) In the field of word formation, attention is focused on the transition zone towards morphemics. (7) In the study of the process of communication, the degrees of activation in the stock of shared knowledge are especially significant.