Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Continuous characters and joint topological spectrum

100%

Żelazko W.

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2007

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tom Vol. 36, no 3

859-864

EN

It is well known that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the characters of a finitely generated commutative Banach algebra and the joint spectrum of its generators. In this paper we show that this fact is also true for an arbitrary semitopological algebra and its continuous characters, provided we replace the concept of a joint spectrum by concept of a topological joint spectrum. In particular, we show that a finitely generated semitopological algebra has a continuous character if and only if the topological joint spectrum of its generators is non-void.

2

Gauss sums of the cubic character over GF(2m): an elementary derivation

100%

Schipani D. , Elia M.

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2011

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tom Vol. 59, no 1

11-18

EN

By an elementary approach, we derive the value of the Gauss sum of a cubic character over a finite field F2s without using Davenport-Hasse's theorem (namely, if s is odd the Gauss sum is -1, and if s is even its value is -(-2)s/2).

3

On character sums of rational functions over local fields

100%

Liu C.

Acta Arithmetica

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1996

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tom 75

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nr 3

195-204

4

Формы выражения авторского сознания в новейшей русской драме

88%

Журчева О. , Поволжская государственная социально-гуманитарная академия Ф. ф.

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2014

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tom 07

EN

The article is devoted to the problem of authorial intention in contemporary Russian drama. Firstly, major theoretical approaches to the ‘problem of the author’ in drama are identified. It is then demonstrated how cultural paradigms change in an artistic consciousness and how, as a consequence, the most important structural components of drama – conflict, character, genre – become discredited and deconstructed. There follows an overview of specific examples of such transformations of these generic features of drama. It is argued in the paper that such transformations result from the activation of the author’s consciousness and are a manifestation of the author’s intentions regarding the modern picture of the world.

5

Rekonstruująca interpretacja „atmosfer” i „charakterów” w estetyce przyrody Gernota Böhmego

88%

Jamroziakowa A.

Estetyka i Krytyka

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2010

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nr 17-18

139-160

EN

In the project of environmental aesthetics, the beauty of nature has always been as its core. It is linked to an intersubjective belief about a good influence of nature on the quality of life in terms of, for example, land use planning or living spaces design in which, however, the beauty may be in competition with some other activities against nature. The key to understanding environmental aesthetics is the term character, as well as, atmosphere and its possible social-scale impact.

6

Marriage Announcements in Lviv during the Interwar Period: Ethnic and Gender Aspects

75%

Pidkuimukha L. , Department of Ukrainian Language F. o. H. o. t. N. U. o. K. M. A. , Liudmyla Pidkuimukha is an Assistant Professor at the Ukrainian Language Department F. o. H. , liudmyla.pidkuimukha@gmail.com

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2016

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tom 8

EN

The article dwells upon the marriage announcements in the Lviv periodicals during the interwar period. The author has analyzed men’s and women’s ads and has described the peculiarities of them. The author has defined the main character traits which the future wife or husband should have.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono anonse matrymonialne obecne w czasopismach lwowskich w okresie międzywojennym. Autorka przeanalizowała męskie i damskie ogłoszenia, a także opisała ich specyfikę. Ponadto, na ich podstawie zidentyfikowała pożądane cechy, jakimi mieli charakteryzować się przyszła żona bądź też przyszły mąż.

7

Oversegmentation methods for character segmentation in off-line cursive handwritten word recognition : an overview

75%

Brodowska M.

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2011

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tom Vol. 20

43-65

EN

Character segmentation (i.e. splitting the images of handwritten words into pieces corresponding to single letters) is one of the required steps in numerous off-line cursive handwritten word recognition solutions. It is also a very important step, because improperly extracted characters are usually impossible to recognize correctly with currently used methods. The most common method of character segmentation is initial oversegmentation - finding some set of potential splitting points in the graphical representation of the word and then attempting to eliminate the improper ones. This paper con- tains a list of popular approaches for generating potential splitting points and methods of verifying their correctness.

8

I rumori di fondo: alterità e forme di conoscenza da Il poema dei lunatici a La voce della luna

75%

Martelli M.

Romanica Wratislaviensia

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2013

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tom 60

113 – 121

EN

The study suggests an analysis of the transfer from the novel of Ermanno Cavazzoni, Il poema dei lunatici, into the Federico Fellini’s last film, La voce della luna, and shows how the film receives and develops the narrative pathways of the book. Particularly, the essay focuses on the topics of knowledge processes and cultural otherness of characters to remark, considering Fellini’s way of dealing with adaptation, how the rewriting practice interprets and deepens the basic themes of novel.

9

Ryle, čtenář Austenové : Behaviorismus jako průhled do lidských srdcí

75%

Beran O.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 1

75-96

EN

The article offers and discusses a possible understanding of Ryle’s behaviourism against the background of Ryle’s philosophical reflections on the novels of Jane Austen. The first part presents Ryle’s account of Austen’s charaterology as an Aristotelian anthropology (people do not divide into the good and the bad, rather each one presents a concrete exemplification of a series of heterogenous traits) and its philosophical setting in virtue theory. In the second part I examine how Ryle’s dispositional analysis can be applied to more complex character traits too: character traits should be understood as dispositions with an open spectrum of behavioural expressions, to which we lend a certain quality (extending also into behavior that goes “against the disposition”). In the third part, with the help of a (Wittgensteinian) concept of verification, I reconstruct a hypothetical Ryle-Wittgenstein conception of behaviourism as the specific analysis of the relation between non-identical, though inseparable, reports of behavior and reports of the “mental”: reports about concrete expressions and acts are the only means by which a meaningful dispute about the sense and accuracy of reports about character traits can be conducted. In the final, fourth, part I add some notes on the question of how the two types of report can throw light on each other. The ability to know character traits is a specific kind of perceiving or seeing (which exercises itself on people who express themselves in different ways, but which does not amount to a peering “within” their minds or heads), at the root of which is an ability to judge which requires cultivation.

10

Ethos mówcy w ‘Gawędzie o gawędzeniu’ o. Jacka Woronieckiego

75%

Gondek M. J.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2017

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tom 6

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nr 3

425-449

EN

Woroniecki formulates his conception of the ethos of a speaker against the background of analyses of the conditions of telling tales understood as literary transcripts of living speech transmiting the wisdom of previous generations and addressed to a specific recipient. There is a close connection between the ethos of a speaker (his/her moral condition) and the ethos way of persuasion, a connection conditioned by the specificity of human nature. The way of revealing the speaker’s attitude, and the way in which the ethos reveals and interacts are inseparably connected with the speaker who is a man who cognizes and acts. The imitation or fabrication of the ethos, which is instrumental or detached from the speaker, are contrary to Woroniecki’s position. The specificity of the ethos persuasion (according to Woroniecki) consists in the fact that this persuasion is carried out in connection with the nature of a speaker who is capable of (moral) self-improvement, and of the creative presentation of his development to the auditorium.

11

Персоналії і простір пам’яті про голокост у сучасній українській літературі

63%

Горбач (Horbach) Н. N.

Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe

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2022

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nr 4(1)

59-67

UK

Тривалий час тема Голокосту в українському письменстві через причини позалітературного характеру замовчувалася та піддавалася викривленням. Унаслідок цього численні її аспекти, зокрема розширення географічних маркерів Катастрофи, питання пам’яті і травми її жертв та свідків, аспекти жіночої історії Голокосту тощо, почали знаходити достотне висвітлення лише зі здобуттям нашою країною незалежності. На сьогодні актуальною залишається проблема персоналізації історії Голокосту через введення в публічний дискурс імен жертв, врятованих і рятівників як чинник розширення просторів пам’яті про трагедію європейського єврейства в часи Другої світової війни. До цього процесу, поряд з історичною наукою, комеморативними практиками долучається й художня література. Об’єктом нашої уваги в запропонованій статті є прозові твори сучасної української літератури – романи К. Бабкіної «Соня» (2013), Т. Пахомової «Я, ти і наш мальований і немальований Бог» (2016), М. Дупешка «Історія, варта цілого яблуневого саду» (2017), М. Матіос «Букова земля» (2019). А метою дослідження стали образи-персонажі жертв та рятівників, котрі мали реальних прототипів: символ Голокосту в Польщі і Любліні девятирічний Хеньо (Генрик Житомирський), Праведники народів світу Марія та Степан Врублевські (Марія та Степан Січевлюки-Врублевські), чернівецька поетеса Зельма Меербаум-Айзінґер, мер Чернівців Траян Попович, дипломати Ґжеґож Шиманович та Фріц Шелльгорн. Оприявнення у художній формі життєвих історій цих реальних осіб сприяє розширенню пам’яті про війну і Голокост в Україні, є засобом формування сучасної культури пам’яті, що сьогодні є особливо важливим у контексті загальносвітових тенденцій пошуку порозуміння, з точки зору усвідомлення власної відповідальності за життя інших, недопущення повторення трагічних сторінок історії ХХ століття, однією з яких став Голокост. Оскільки через тривале замовчування травматичного досвіду жертв Голокосту не витворилося міжгенераційного зв’язку у процесах передачі пам’яті про нього, то література сьогодні через художнє конструювання минулого стає не лише інструментом поширення знань про Катастрофу, а й засобом формування культурної пам’яті про трагічні події минулого. Перспектива подальшого дослідження обраного аспекту вбачається в залученні до аналізу нових творів як вітчизняного, так і перекладного письменства, зокрема, автори яких біографічно пов’язані з Україною.

EN

The Holocaust theme was concealed and falsified for a long time because of non-literary reasons. Therefore, only when our country got its independence, a lot of aspects became clarified – especially the increasing of geographical markers of the Shoah, the aspect of memory and traumas of its victims and witnesses, the aspects of a woman history of the Holocaust etc. One of actual problems of nowadays is the problem of personalization of the Holocaust history with including the names of victims, saved and saviors for extending the space of memory about the tragedy of European Jews in the times of WWII. Literature, as well as historical science and commemorative practices, actively participates in this. The object of our attention in the following article is modern Ukrainian prose – novels “Sonya” (2013) by K. Babkina, “Me, You, And Our Drawn And Undrawn God” (2016) by T. Pakhomova, “A Story Worthy of a Whole Apple Orchard” (2017) by M. Dupeshko, “The Beech Land” (2019) by M. Matios. The aim of investigation is the characters of victims and saviors who have real prototypes: an icon of the Holocaust in Poland and Liublin, 9-years-old Henio (Henryk Zhytomirski), Righteous Among the Nations Maria and Stepan Vrublevski (Maria and Stepan Sichevliuk-Vrublevski), the Chernivtsi poet Selma Meerbaum- Eisinger, the mayor of Chernivtsi Traian Popovici, the diplomats Grzegorz Szymonowicz and Fritz Schellhorn. Implementation the life stories of real personalities into fictional form leads to expanding the memory about the Holocaust in Ukraine, and it’s also a way of creating a modern culture of memory, that is particularly important in a context of the international tendencies of finding the common understanding through awareness of a personal responsibility of others’ lives, and non-admission of repeating the tragic pages of the XX ct. history, one of those was the Holocaust. Since the long-term silence of the traumatic experience of the Holocaust victims didn’t create an intergenerational connection in the process of transmitting the memory of the Holocaust, modern literature, with its artistic construction of the past, becomes not only a tool for spreading knowledge about the Shoah, but also a way of creating the cultural memory about this tragedy. The prospect of further research of the following aspect is seen in a deep analysis of new examples of both Ukrainian and translated literature, including novels written by authors that are biographically related to Ukraine.

12

Cuteness and aggression in military picturebooks

63%

Kümmerling-Meibauer B. , Meibauer J.

Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji

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2016

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tom 12

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nr 3(34)

7-21

EN

As a subspecies of ideologically loaded picturebooks, this chapter focuses on military picturebooks. This term encompasses picturebooks dealing with war and the roles of soldiers. In the first part, a taxonomy of military picturebooks is created which is exemplified by telling examples. The second part focuses on a particular narrative problem of military picturebooks that is of interest to a cognitive theory of picturebooks (as pursued by Kümmerling-Meibauer & Meibauer 2013). On the one hand, it is not possible to represent war as a good thing across the board; on the other hand, war is depicted with respect to certain scenarios of self-defence. The narrative solution seems to be that “cute” characters (that is, anthropomorphic animals and vehicles) are introduced who serve as positive military protagonists that have to fight against aggressive characters representing the enemy. In military picturebooks, there is a contrast between cuteness and aggression that is astonishing when regarding the typical pedagogical demands on the accommodation of picturebooks to the child’s cognitive abilities.

13

ФОРМУВАННЯ ДИСЦИПЛІНОВАНОСТІ У ВИХОВАНЦІВ КАДЕТСЬКИХ КОРПУСІВ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ГУБЕРНІЙ (ХІХ – ПОЧАТОК ХХ ст.)

63%

Дорошенко Е.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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nr 2(46)

112-120

EN

The article reveals the specifics of the educational process in pre-revolutionary cadet corps of the Dnieper Ukraine on the basis of historical materials. In particular, it explains the way of instilling resistant behaviour to future officers by means of accustoming, associated with organization, equanimity and moderation that are inherent in the character’s feature such as disciplined behavior. The author proves, that a decisive influence on the character of the cadet had the education and the environment in which the socialization takes place. Formation of discipline as fundamental for the military character traits in the cadet corps in Ukraine in the XIX – early XX century was carried out primarily through habituation, by which pupils fixed in their minds resistant behavior related with organization, concentration, endurance. Cadets’ life and work activity were organized in such a way that the discipline as a form of behavior received both external and internal motivation. It is emphasized that Ukrainian cadet corps participated in parades and military reviews. It was considered an honor for the young men and such measures had influential educational value because of the effort, time and persistence spent on training, received a convincing motivation, and discipline, as a sustainable form of behavior of cadets, acquired scientific character. After all, a military parade is not only a solemn and outwardly beautiful action, but it is also a demonstration of strength and power of the state, the level of training of its army. At the beginning of the XX century pupils of cadet corps which operated in Ukraine have put in a particularly difficult situation, because they, unlike other members of the imperial cadet corps, had to choose between faith, Motherland and Tsar. This choice is needed not just discipline, endurance, courage, but also a deep understanding of the dialectical sense of duty. However, it was Ukrainian cadets who observed not mechanical implementation of rules and regulations, but understanding what they are doing and for what.

14

Зобразити війну

63%

Полішук Я.

Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe

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2017

|

nr 3

27-50

RU

Гибридная война, продолжающаяся на Востоке Украины, непосредственно затрагивает информационную и культурную сферы. Она является войной за влияния, в которой Украина с ее неопытностью и ограниченным ресурсом не может достойно противостоять России. Появление ряда художественных произведений о войне свидетельствует, что украинская литература приняла вызов актуальной темы. В 2014 – 2016 годах были написаны и изданы романы, повести, очерки, репортажи Галины Вдовиченко, Евгения Положия, Сергея Лозко, Владислава Ивченко и др. В этих произведениях изображаются жестокие реалии войны, но также показаны колоритные характеры ее участников. В наши дни рождается новое качество украинского человека, и этот процесс вполне выразительно отражается в современной художественной литературе Украины.

EN

How to Represent War. The hybrid warfare going on in Donbass has had consequences on the informational and cultural spheres in Ukraine. It is a war for influence where Ukraine cannot adequately confront Russia because it does not have the necessary recourses and a developed media culture. The number of literary works about the war published in the last few years show that Ukrainian writers want to challenge the discourse on war. Between 2014 and 2016 numerous novels, stories, essays, reports, and poems were published by such writers as Halyna Vdovychenko, Yevhen Polozhiy, Sergei Lozko, and Vladyslav Ivchenko. These authors try to show all the horror of the war and the changing attitudes and consciousness of Ukrainians. The issue of forming a new Ukrainian collective identity is reflected in contemporary literature.

15

Genius loci jako źródło tożsamości miasta

63%

Królikowski J. T.

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2011

|

tom Z. 24

5-11

PL

Tożsamość miasta jest aktualnym rozpoznaniem jego swoistości wyrażonym jako cechy identyfikowane zarówno przez jego mieszkańców, jak i turystów oraz różnego rodzaju publiczność. Tożsamość miasta odwołuje się do jego tradycji, a także potencjału przyszłości. Te trzy wymiary czasu skupia w sobie duch miejsca, którego identyfikacja wymaga szczególnej empatii przestrzennej i nie jest dla wszystkich oczywista. Kategorie opisane przez Norberga-Schulza pozwalają łatwiej dotrzeć do fenomenu ducha miejsca. Szczególnie istotne jest to w tak skrajnych przypadkach jak Warszawa, której substancja fizyczna była w przeważającej części unicestwiona w czasie II wojny światowej. Miasto przeżywało kolejne fazy odtwarzania i przekształcania swojej tożsamości, co odbywało się przy mniej lub bardziej świadomym czerpaniu z ducha miejsca. Współczesne procesy globalizacyjne tym silniej oddziaływają na tożsamość miasta, im mniej politycy i władze miejskie są świadomi jego genius loci. Przykład Warszawy w relacji do innych miast polskich europejskich i światowych jest bardzo, a może bardziej niż inne przykłady, pouczający.

EN

Identity of city is actual identification of his specific character of features who are recognized by citizens as by tourists and others. Identity of city build his image from tradition and reveal potential of future. This three dimensions of time concern spirit of place. Identification of genius loci is possible by means of spatial empathy and is not accessible for all people. This is so important in such cases as Warsaw where physical substance was even completely demolished during II World War. This city survived following phases of reconstruction and transformation of his identity with more or less conscious sourcing of his spirit of place. Contemporary process of globalization are stronger when politicians and city authorities are no so much conscious of genius loci existence. Example of Warsaw in relation to others Polish and European cities is very and may be more then other examples, instructive.

16

La forme du conte et son influence sur la lecture des personnages de Curiosité d’Anne Terral

63%

Front I.

Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)

|

2015

|

tom Special Issue: Le monde de la litérrature

92-99

EN

Published in 2009, Anne Terral’s novel Curiosité is a modern version of Bluebeard. Not only does the author use the story to write her own novel but, what is even more important, she also borrows certain formal elements from fairy tales, such as time and space treatment, unrealistic atmosphere and archetypal nature of characters. It seems crucial then to examine what poetic possibilities have come out of the union of a novel with a fairy tale. The assumption is that the presence of the elements listed above allows the author to tell the story of a murder in a symbolic manner. Those elements suspend the standard judgment of facts, typical for criminal, psychological or realistic novel. In consequence, the reader does not condemn the count of Furbach for killing his wives nor does he perceive Arian’s behavior as insane because of her feelings for the count. Thanks to the denial of verisimilitude Curiosité becomes a metaphoric novel of love and trust.

17

Typy charakteru a obraz siebie

51%

Hreciński P. , Uchnast Z.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

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2012

|

tom 15

|

nr 4

95-115

PL

W artykule opisano wielowymiarowe związki miądzy typem charakteru a strukturą obrazu siebie. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 174 studentów teologii, wykorzystujc Kwestionariusz Stylów Działania (KSD) Z. Uchnasta oraz Tennessee Skal Obrazu Siebie (TSCS) W. H. Fittsa, w tłumaczeniu i opracowaniu Uchnasta. Za pomoc pierwszej metody określono typy charakteru w badanej grupie, natomiast druga metoda posłużyła do opisu struktury obrazu siebie. Przeprowadzone analizy ujawniły istnienie pozytywnego obrazu siebie w grupie osób ukierunkowanych na współdziałanie (synergiczny lub ostrożny typ charakteru). Natomiast negatywny obraz siebie mają osoby ukierunkowane na zabezpieczanie siebie (dostosowujący się lub rywalizujący typ charakteru). Odmienna konfiguracja wyników w skalach TSCS między osobami o typach charakteru zorientowanego na współdziałanie a osobami o typach charakteru zorientowanego na zabezpieczanie siebie wskazuje, że zasadnicza, jakościowa różnica w charakterze osób polega na ich podstawowej orientacji na współdziałanie albo zabezpieczanie siebie.

EN

The present study aims to answer the following question: What multidimensional relationships exist between character type and the structure of a person’s self-concept? We examined 174 students of theology using Z. Uchnast’s Action Styles Questionnaire (KSD) and W. H. Fitts’ Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS), translated and elaborated by Uchnast. The former method was used to define character types in the examined group. The letter method was used to describe the structure of the individual’s self-concept. Our analysis points to a positive self-concept among those who are oriented toward synergy with others (synergetic or cautious character type). By contrast, people with a negative self-concept are those oriented toward self-preservation (conformist or competitive character type). There is a characteristic dissimilarity in the configuration of TSCS scores between people whose character types are oriented toward synergy and people whose character types are oriented toward self-preservation. The existence of this dissimilarity indicates that the fundamental, qualitative difference between character types lies in their orientation either toward synergy with others or toward self-preservation.

18

Bohater groteskowy "Ferdydurke" Witolda Gombrowicza w przekładzie Katariny Šalamun-Biedrzyckiej

51%

Osmólska M.

Przekłady Literatur Słowiańskich

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2012

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tom 3

|

nr 1

119-132

SL

Groteska je estetska kategorija, ki ruši ustaljeno predstavo o svetu, predstavlja sestavljenost in tuje oblike pojavov, ki vzbujajo začudenje. Na Poljskem se je izraz groteska prvič pojavil na začetku XIX. stoletja kot izposojenka iz nemškega jezika. Raziskovalci književnosti in umetnosti XX. stoletja trdijo, da se je groteska v poljski književnosti pojavila ob koncu modernizma. Možen je tudi drugačen pogled, ki pravi, da je bila umetnost modernizma groteskna skoraj v celoti. Groteska v romanu Ferdydurke obsega vsa področja dela, tudi jezik. Ta groteskni jezik, ki ga med drugim zaznamujejo neologizmi, prepletanje patetičnega in pogovornega jezika, je lahko izziv za prevajalca. Pri oblikovanju grotesknega lika pomembno vlogo odigravajo deli telesa (npr. ritka in fris), ki imajo v romanu simboličen pomen. Pisatelj uporablja tudi neologizme in ruši besedni red, da bi dosegel grotesken učinek dogodkov. Prevajalka si je prizadevala, da bi v prevodu ohranila enako sliko grotesknega lika, čeprav ni mogla včasih premagati jezikovnih ovir. Ohranila je enak pomen na leksikalnem in skladenjskem področju. Prevajalka oponaša skladenjske strukture izvornega besedila ali uporablja druge slovnične kategorije. Vsak prevajalec namreč mora ohraniti v prevodu enak model sveta.

EN

The grotesque is an aesthetic category, which undermines the conventional and acknowledged image of the world, illustrates the complexity of certain phenomena and their other surprising aspects. In Poland the term „grotesque”, being a calque from German, was first used at the threshold of the 19th-century. However, according to the Polish 20th-century literature and art researchers, grotesque becomes prominent in Polish literature on the verge of modernism. The assumption that modernist art had an almost entirely grotesque character cannot however be ruled out. Grotesque manifests itself in the novel Ferdydurke on each level of the work, including language. The grotesque character of the language is shown among other things through neologisms and a mixture of pompous and colloquial style. Body parts (such as bottom and mug), having a symbolic meaning throughout the novel, play an important part in giving the figures their grotesque character. The language of the novel may undoubtedly constitute a problem for the translator, as the writer uses neologisms and disturbs the word order to achieve a grotesque character of events. The translator tried to deliver an identical image of the grotesque character in her translation. Frequently, the translator couldn’t however disturb the correctitude of the Slovenian language. She preserves the sense of the original on the lexical and syntactic level through imitating the syntactic structures of the original or through replacing them with other grammatical categories. Each translator must recreate the model of the world embedded in the source text.

19

Szkoła, uniwersytet i państwo w służbie wychowania Polaków

51%

Warchoł P.

Studia Koszalińsko-Kołobrzeskie

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2016

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nr 23

401-410

PL

Nie ma wychowania człowieka bez właściwych instytucji. Szkoła, uniwersytet i państwo są tymi, które pozwalają zdobyć wiedzę i ukształtować charakter. Dlatego ważny jest czynnik religijny i patriotyczny, czyli przekazanie miłości do Boga i ojczyzny. Polska może poszczycić się wielkimi wychowawcami, którzy wnieśli wiele twórczych inicjatyw w wychowanie młodych pokoleń. Jest to też zadanie na przyszłość.

EN

There is no education without proper institutions. Schools, universities and the state are the institutions which allow one to gain knowledge and shape character. Therefore, the religious and patriotic factor is important to instill one with the love of God and for country. Poland boasts of great educators who have brought many creative initiatives in the education of many generations of youth. It is also has this task for the future.

20

Мифологемы „святость” и „страстность” в женском и мужском началах (роман Ивана Шмелева Пути небесные)

44%

Kuca Z.

Roczniki Humanistyczne

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 7: Słowianoznawstwo

131-145

PL

Niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony analizie mitologemów „świętość” i „namiętność” na przykładzie pierwiastka kobiecego i męskiego w powieści Iwana Szmielowa Drogi Niebiańskie. Namiętność jest pokazana jako binarna opozycja do świętości. A więc świętość jest rozumiana między innymi jako doskonałość, cnota moralna osiągana przez człowieka w trakcie osobistego rozwoju, namiętność – jako stan silnego i nieodpartego uczucia do drugiej osoby. W przypadku głównej bohaterki powieści ta droga rysuje się od świętości do namiętności, która się pojawia w momencie pojawienia się pierwiastka męskiego, natomiast bohater, którego charakteryzuje namiętność, w określonym momencie, dzięki relacji z główną bohaterką, staje się ureligijnioną osobą.

EN

The present article is devoted to analysis of the mythologems “holiness” and “passion” on the example of the feminine and masculine elements in Ivan Shmelyov’s novel The Heavenly Ways. Passion is shown as a binary opposition to holiness. Hence, holiness is understood, among others, as perfection, a moral virtue achieved by a man in the course of his personal development, and passion – as a state of strong and irresistible emotion directed at another person. In the case of the main protagonist of the novel this way leads from holiness to passion, which appears at the moment when a masculine element appears; on the contrary, the male hero who is characterized by passion, at adefinite moment, owing to a relation with the main female protagonist, becomes a religious person.

RU

Данная статья является попыткой анализа мифологем „святость” и „страстность” вженском и мужском началах на примере романа Ивана Шмелева Пути небесные. Страстность является бинарной оппозицией к святости. Мифологемы „страстность” и„святость” неразрывно связаны с русской культурой. Русское народное православное сознание соединило в себе характеристики двух этих концептов. Святость подразумевает совершенство человека, как нравственное качество, достигаемое в процессе духовного роста. Под страстностью понимается, прежде всего, состояние сильного влечения к другому человеку, желание или стремление полного им обладания. Мифологемы „святость” и „страстность” в случае главных героев романа взаимопроникают. С самого начала романа женскому образу приписывается „святость”, мужскому „страстность”. Женское начало восполняется „страстностью” при появлении мужского начала, которое в свою очередь наполняется „святостью” благодаря появлению женского начала.