This paper analyzed word recognition in two patterns of Chinese characters, cross referenced with word frequency. The patterns were defined as uni-part (semantic radical/component only) and bi-part (including the phonetic radical/component and the semantic radical/component) characters. The interactions of semantic and phonological access in both patterns were inspected. It was observed that in the naming task and the pronunciation-matching task, the subject performance involving the uni-part characters showed longer RT than the bi-part characters. However, with the lexical decision and meaning-matching tasks the uni-part characters showed shorter RT than the bi-part characters. It was also observed that the frequency, which is regarded as a lexical variable, displayed a strong influence. This suggests that Chinese characters require lexical access in all tasks. This study also suggested that the phonological process is primary in visual word recognition; as there is a significant phonological effect in processing the Chinese bi-part characters, resulting in either the facilitation or inhibition of phonology due to the differing demands of the two tasks
Idit Perelmuter, The National Days in the Bilingual School. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 27, Poznań 2019. Pp. 299–333. Adam MickiewiczUniversity Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.27.14 The bilingual school tends to address both the national days of the Arabs and the national days of the Jews as a part of its multicultural perception. As aforementioned, these days are characterized as tense and complicated days in the school, both for the Arabs and for the Jews, because of the narratives and perceptions that they represent, which sometimes are contradictory and. Nevertheless, it is possible to see that the school addresses the different perceptions and narratives of each culture, with recognition of the difference and uniqueness of each one of them and with reinforcement of the commonalities between them. In this way, it gives hope and encourages the desire for a shared life between Jews and Arabs in Israel, which on the one hand includes the difference and on the other hand broadens the common denominator between the two groups. This article will describe the national days of Arabs and Jews in the bilingual school in Jerusalem. It will focus on the meaning of the days, their complexity, and the ways of coping and implementation in the framework of the school, with reference to the school perception.
CLIL classrooms are not typical language classrooms due to the fact that language is the medium through which content is “transported”. Non-linguistic content is used to teach a language and learners acquire new knowledge but in a foreign language. The following paper provides an outline of research on the role of a teacher in a CLIL classroom. Starting with a brief insight into the phenomenon of CLIL, and a general overview of the qualitative studies based on observations, questionnaires and interviews, the article focuses particularly on the main features of a CLIL teacher.
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The article is devoted to the problems of bilingualism in the modern society. Bilingualism is characteristic of all the citizens of Kazakhstan. The main feature of bilingualism in our country is the quite wide application of the Russian language in all spheres of life. The changing language situation leads to the fact that a large number of Kazakh words are included into the Russian language, and assimilated by it to a varying degree. The author has analyzed the cases of the use of Kazakh lexical units in Russian texts.
The article raises a problem of learning practice in teaching traditional disciplines on the example of the insurance learning by the bilingual audience in the higher school. The problems exist depending on the type of audience: а) audience which is bilingual by the composition of a group for the whole learning period; b) audience which is bilingual for learning a specific discipline only. The article also presents a problem of preparing the visual information. During the preparation of the study information and creating the presentations it is necessary to take into account that the modern student audience has a wide operational computer experience and it has a specific “comic” perception of information. The bilingual audience learning requires the use of the presentation of the visual information approximated at maximum to the forms preferred by the student audience and the content of a material should not be changed. For the learning process management the system of the bilingual lecture material, presentations and additional single-language material preparing for each language audience has been developed. The author analyses the practical experience, problems and mistakes.
PL
Artykuł podnosi problem uczenia się w procesie nauczania dwujęzycznych studentów szkół wyższych tradycyjnych dyscyplin na przykładzie dziedziny ubezpieczeń. Pojawiające się problemy zależą od rodzaju grupy: a) dwujęzyczni uczniowie uczący się w danej grupie podczas całego okresu szkolenia; b) dwujęzyczni uczniowie, którzy uczą się tylko wybranej dyscypliny. Artykuł dodatkowo prezentuje problematykę związaną z kwestią przygotowywania pomocy wizualnych. Podczas przygotowania audiowizualnych pomocy dydaktycznych należy mieć na uwadze to, że współczesny student ma ogromne doświadczenie w zakresie obsługi komputera i posiada szczególną percepcję informacji. Studenci dwujęzyczni wymagają zastosowania prezentacji wykładanego przedmiotu maksymalnie zbliżonej do form przez nich preferowanych, podczas gdy zawartość nie powinna być zmieniana. Celem właściwego zarządzania procesem uczenia się opracowano materiały dla grup dwujęzycznych, a także dodatkowe materiały i prezentacje dla studentów władających poszczególnymi językami. Autorka analizuje kwestie doświadczenia, pojawiających się trudności oraz napotykanych błędów.
There seems to be a desire abroad in some areas of our field to abandon all talk of bounds between language-varieties in the mind. The response offered here to such a position is that language knowledge in the mind is all its aspects, in fact, highly differentiated, and that this differentiation broadly follows the lines recognized by the traditional conception which draws (always, of course, crossable) lines between languages. One powerful set of evidence in favour of this latter claim is that offered by phenomena observable in everyday bilingual and multilingual language use and interaction. Such evidence bespeaks a necessary capacity on the part of multilinguals to keep their languages apart when using them, and an adeptness – even at a very early age – at making decisions as to which language to speak to whom. The article explores such phenomena, which are heavy with consequences for the unboundedness view of languages. Another dimension of bilingual/multilingual experience which bespeaks boundedness is the way in which different languages connect to different identities or aspects of identity, which is also discussed in the article.
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