The author’s main efforts are focused on processing and analysis of research problems: identification of creatively gifted children, identification of the specific characteristics of gifted students of art, stipulating the need to create appropriate learning conditions for innovative activity of artistically gifted students. In addition, the author emphasizes the exceptional role of the fine arts teacher in identifying a gifted child and focusing his/her abilities for creative self-realization not only in art education system but also for the entire creative life. The purpose of research is the analysis of the major psychological and pedagogical views of modern scholars on the issue of gifted students to identify the specific features of educational work with artistically gifted students in the context of self-realization of their creative potential. The study used the following methods: empirical (work – the study of the relevant literature, documents and performance of gifted students, comprehensive – study and compilation of teaching experience); theoretical (accumulation of facts and interpretation and synthesis of collected factual material). Therefore, we can summarize briefly that talent is the main feature of creative personality as an artist for the student, the student artist and for the Honored Artist of artist that allows self-creativity of the artist. The study reveals a number of specific features to work with artistically gifted students in the context of creating the conditions for self-realization of their creative abilities, such as: an artistically gifted child should not adjust the content of education, breaking and changing him/herself; a teacher should provide the child with appropriate special professional training, have a high level of intellectual development, the ability to transfer material costs, have the ability to support, protect, assist; possess organizational skills, stimulate creativity of a child, be communicative. The study does not cover all the aspects of the outlined problems, so promising directions of further research consider detailed study of works of art education teachers to find the ways to improve the educational work of artistically gifted students.
Bauhaus – what exactly is it about? The new type of art school, founded in 1919 in the city of Weimar by German architect Walter Gropius, its objective was to reimagine the material world through the unity of all the arts. The Bauhaus combined elements of both fine arts and crafts, by means of its appropriate education, under one roof. The teaching process started with a preliminary course introducing the beginners to the study of materials, color theory, and formal relationships in preparation for more specialized studies. This initial course was often taught by visual artists, including Johannes Itten, László Moholy-Nagy, Josef Albers, Wassily Kandinsky, and several others. The workshops included metalworking, weaving, ceramics, carpentry, graphic printing, advertising, photography, glass and wall painting, stone and wood sculpture, and theatre. Gropius explained his vision for a union of crafts, art, and technology in the „Programm des Staatlichen Bauhauses Weimar”. In 1938, the Museum of Modern Art in New York (MoMA) launched its first exhibition of the German avant-garde movement, entitled „The Bauhaus 1919–1928”. The Bauhaus experienced its heyday in Dessau, where the “State Bauhaus” became a „School of Design”. After the dissolution of the Bauhaus in Berlin, in 1933, many those who taught and studied over there emigrated contributing to the dissemination of the movement’s activities. The Harvard Art Museums hold one of the first and largest collections relating to the Bauhaus, the 20th century’s most influential school of art and design. Building is nothing but organization: social, technical, economical, psychological organization. Hannes Meyer
PL
Bauhaus – o co dokładnie chodzi? Wraz z powstaniem nowego typu szkoły artystycznej, stworzonej w Weimarze pod okiem niemieckiego architekta Waltera Gropiusa, rozwija się tendencja zmierzająca w kierunku przeobrażenia dotychczasowej materialnej przestrzeni poprzez zjednoczenie wszystkich sztuk. Tym samym Bauhaus połączył pod jednym dachem sztuki piękne i rzemiosło drogą stosownej edukacji artystycznej. Procesowi kształcenia, wprowadzającego nowicjuszy do materiałoznawstwa, teorii koloru i estetyki form, odpowiadały warsztaty ukierunkowane na metaloplastykę, tkactwo, ceramikę, stolarstwo, druk graficzny, reklamę, fotografię, szkło artystyczne i malarstwo ścienne, rzeźbę w kamieniu oraz drewnie, jak i teatr. Już w roku 1938 nowojorska MoMA zorganizowała pierwszą wystawę tego awangardowego ruchu. Śledząc bauhausowski rozkwit w Dessau, gdzie państwową szkołę o profilu artystyczno-rzemieślniczym przekształcono w szkołę projektowania, aż do rozwiązania berlińskiej instytucji w roku 1933, należy zwrócić uwagę na siłę jej społeczno-kulturowego oddziaływania jako najbardziej wpływowej dwudziestowiecznej otwartej twórczo instytucji edukacyjnej o oryginalnym programie kształcenia. Budownictwo to nic innego jak organizacja: społeczna, techniczna, ekonomiczna, psychologiczna organizacja. Hannes Meyer
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