W pracy omówiono zagadnienie aktywnej wizji. Dokonano podziału procesu postrzegania na poziomy oraz przedstawiono podejście oparte na zachowaniach. Następnie zaprezentowano implementację niskopoziomowej analizy obrazów, w której do wykrywania regionów zawierających szukane obiekty wykorzystano sieć neuronową. Rozwiązanie to zostało zweryfikowane w zadaniu wstępnej lokalizacji kostki Rubika.
EN
This paper presents a biologically inspired method of identification of objects. A general behaviour, similar to that used by mammals to concentrate their visual attention, is proposed. It utilizes an artifical neural network for finding regions of interest (based on their color histograms) and controls the manipulator in order to verify the hypotheses about the existance of the object of desire. A Rubik's cube was used as a test object due to its high metamorp.
W artykule przedstawiono formalną metodę specyfkacji systemów sterowania na przykładzie robota kasjera. Robot ten wykorzystuje aktywną wizję do realizacji swoich zadań. Aktywna wizja polega na wykonywaniu ruchów kamerą w celu aktywnego pozyskiwania informacji o otoczeniu. W tym konkretnym przypadku rozpoznawane są kody kreskowe na opakowaniach znajdujących się na ladzie.
EN
The paper presents a formal method of specifcation of control systems on the example of a robot cashier. The idea of this controller was based on the active vision paradigm. Its aim is to analyze selected scene fragments, in this case in order to identify the object by reading its barcode. The specifcation contains a set of diverse, but simple, behaviors which when integrated create a controller capable of realizing the robot's goal.
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This article discusses a method of creating a three-dimensional cast model using vision systems and how that model can be used in the quality assessment process carried out directly on the assembly line. The technology of active vision, consisting in illumination of the object with a laser beam, was used to create the model. Appropriate configuration of camera position geometry and laser light allows the collection of height profiles and construction of a 3D model of the product on their basis. The article discusses problems connected with the resolution of the vision system, resolution of the laser beam analysis, and resolution connected with the application of the successive height profiles on sample cast planes. On the basis of the model, measurements allowing assessment of dimension parameters and surface defects of a given cast are presented. On the basis of tests and analyses of such a three-dimensional cast model, a range of checks which are possible to conduct using 3D vision systems is indicated. Testing casts using that technology allows rapid assessment of selected parameters. Construction of the product’s model and dimensional assessment take a few seconds, which significantly reduces the duration of checks in the technological process. Depending on the product, a few checks may be carried out simultaneously on the product’s model. The possibility of controlling all outgoing products, and creating and modifying the product parameter control program, makes the solution highly flexible, which is confirmed by pilot industrial implementations. The technology will be developed in terms of detection and identification of surface defects. It is important due to the possibility of using such information for the purposes of selecting technological process parameters and observing the effect of changes in selected parameters on the cast parameter controlled in a vision system.
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