Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 14

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  Weber
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
1
Content available remote Problem badawczy
100%
EN
A problem is a question which concerns some lack of knowledge. A number of research problems types may be distinguished. The questions about facts are fundamental. However, they are particularly significant in natural sciences. In social sciences (e.g., what is the structure of the ruling elite in prerogative states?) their significance is considerably smaller. Then, there is the type of classificatory questions, i.e., these questions relate to the distinctive features of the class of beings, phenomena of facts fulfilment by being, phenomenon or fact. Indeed, the questions about relations between dependent and independent variables are the most prevalent in social sciences. The last type of questions is formulated on the basis of the model of antinomic behavioural ideal types. This type is characterized by the high extent of applicability to research (i.a., qualitative analyses). It is useful because offers frameworks to determining distances between being/phenomenon/ fact and its behavioural ideal type.
2
Content available remote Efekt Lutra, efekt Webera. Racjonalność, religia i duchy kapitalizmu
100%
PL
Artykuł dotyczy sławnej tezy Maxa Webera o relacji między reformacją a kapitalistycznym etosem pracy zawartej w książce Etyka protestancka i duch kapitalizmu, a także sporu, jaki Weber toczył na ten temat z Wernerem Sombartem. Sombart, uczony dziś w znacznej mierze zapomniany, jest w istocie ciekawym prekursorem wielu argumentów i rozwiązań teoretycznych Webera. Dyskusja między obu uczonymi okazuje się pasjonującym, erudycyjnym sporem na temat wpływu Reformacji, czy szerzej chrześcijańskiej duchowości, na jeden z kluczowych elementów nowoczesności, jakim jest zracjonalizowany zachodni kapitalizm.
EN
The article refers to the famous thesis formulated by Max Weber about the relation between the Reformation and the capitalist work ethos, contained in the book: The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism as well as the dispute conducted by Weber and Werner Sombart. Sombart, a scholar today basically forgotten, is actually an interesting precursor of Weber’s numerous arguments and theoretical solutions. The discussion held by the two men turns out to be a fascinating and erudite dispute about the impact of the Reformation, or, more extensively, Christian spirituality upon one of the key elements of the modern age, i.e. rationalised Western capitalism.
PL
The article analyses Max Weber’s position regarding the so-called Polish question from the point of view of post-colonial theory. The author discusses the circumstances of Weber’s scientific interest in the Polish question and offers an interpretation of his statements in this regard. Then, she moves on to explore the relationship between this early inspiration and the subsequent development of Weber’s comparative historical sociology, whereupon follows an outline of its post-colonial criticism. The article concludes with a suggestion of applying the author’s approach to studying the post-communist transformation and transitological debates in Poland.
Nowa Krytyka
|
2015
|
tom 35
131-150
EN
This paper reports the results of a pilot survey conducted among the shipyard workers from Gdansk and Gdynia. The objective of the study was to diagnose the social mobility of those workers. We focused on the mechanisms behind the position change for both the workers and their adult children. Intragenerational mobility was captured by an examination of two moments of shipbuilders professional biographies. The first involved the late 70’s and early 80’s, the second refered to the current class position. At the same time, the contemporary class position of the adult children of the shipyard workers was studied, which allowed us to examine intergenerational mobility as well. Three research questions were answered using the empirical evidence: − Has the class position of shipyard workers changed? In other words; whether they have gone from working class to another great social class (eg. petty bourgeoisie, capitalist class, service class, etc.). − Has the specific intraclass position of workers changed? − Does the class position of children differ from the position of the parents? The terminology used above clearly indicates our interest in class positions. Class can be called a collection of people involved identical positions in the social division of labor and ownership or how Jacek Tittenbrun puts it: “groups of people which differ from each other by the place they occupy in a historically determined system of economic acti-vity (i.e. production, exchange, transport, finance and services)” (Tittenbrun 2011, 188 –189). As noted above, in the first part of the study we describe shipbuilders’ class position in the early 80s and also their current position. Class position of the workers was finally compared to the current class position of their offspring. In this paper the preliminary results are presented. Particular attention is devoted to the changes in the stability of employment. We discuss how the working condition of the shipyard workers changed as well as we compare the stability of employment of parents and children.
5
Content available An Introduction to Socio-Economic Structuralism
75%
EN
The paper sets out to present an outline of what is in fact a fully-fledged social theory, termed socioeconomic structural ism. The paper focuses on a number of concepts regarding the economic sphere, such as property and various types of labor. The style of presentation is-although not deliberate drawn on-nevertheless akin to that of Weber’s.
PL
BEZPIECZEŃSTWO A BIUROKRACJA. ORGANIZACJA BIUROKRATYCZNA JAKO ORGANIZACJA IDEALNA WG MAXA WEBBERA, CZYLI „ARMIA POKOJU” ORAZ DYSFUNKCJE ORGANIZACJI BIUROKRATYCZNEJ WG ROBERTA KINGA MERTONA, CZYLI „ARMIA MISYJNA”
EN
In the article, on the grounds of a perfect type of bureaucracy by Max Weber, is represented description of the bureaucratic organization and list of features connected with military organization in peacetime. In the following sections, dysfunctions of bureaucratic organization based on Robert Merton’s view, were presented and compared with military organization realising assignments outside the country. The aim of this article is to compare two countenances of military organizations in peacetime and time of war during accomplishing tasks outside of the fatherland.
8
Content available remote ECONOMY AND SOCIETY IN THE THEORY OF MAX WEBER
75%
EN
The paper is devoted to Weber’s economic sociology, as presented in his monumental treatise entitled ‘Economy and Society’. The very juxtaposition of the title terms prompts one’s interest in their interrelation, i.e. how the boundaries of the economy as a specific substructure of society as a whole are to be delineated. An element which plays an important role in Weberian notion of economic activity is its treatment as a peaceful one, which the author of ‘Economy and Society’ uses to delimit the area of the economy, in particular, to underline its difference from the politico-legal structure. The distinction between a socio-economic approach to property and a legal one is also applied by Weber, which in his theory is conceived as a central component of the economy. However, according to Weber it is disposal that constitutes the most fundamental component of property. This notion is criticized in the paper on the grounds of indispensable distinction between disposal and benefit, which, it is argued, constitutes the essence of property. It is further argued that it is property relations that Weberian theory of class relies upon. However, this theory includes a controversial concept of social class, which violates the rule of formal elegance and coherence that should pertain to scientific theory.
XX
W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcję inteligencji Karla Mannheima oraz usytuowano ją w kontekście teorii wiedzy socjologa. We wstępnej części pracy dookreślone zostały terminy wykorzystywane przez Mannheima. Na podstawie teorii socjologicznej przedstawiono znaczenie pojęć „inteligencja” oraz „intelektualiści”. Sławna teza o istnieniu „względnie oderwanej inteligencji” opiera się na założeniu, że ta wyróżniona warstwa społeczna nie uczestniczy bezpośrednio w walce grupowych świadomości (utopii i ideologii). W ramach procesu historycznego nastąpiła jej alienacja, umożliwiło jej to dostrzeżenie historycznie zdeterminowanej prawdy. Część inteligencji, która wypełnia swoją misję poszukiwania tej prawdy, zostaje w artykule nazwana intelektualistami totalnymi, posiada ona bowiem zdolność oglądu totalności społeczeństwa. W pracy przeanalizowano koncepcję totalności oraz jej heglowskie źródła. Dystans wobec problemów społeczeństwa klasowego, który jest skutkiem nowoczesnego wykształcenia intelektualisty, pozwala mu na eksplorację pełnego obrazu różnych ścierających się światopoglądów. Wykształcenie sprawia jednak, że staje się on obcym elementem dla społeczeństwa. Ta cecha intelektualisty została omówiona przez pryzmat eseju Georga Simmla pt. "Obcy". W końcowej części artykułu poruszony został problem społecznej roli intelektualistów totalnych, którzy pomimo swojego odosobnienia powinni zaangażować się w politykę i przyjąć na siebie rolę społecznego doradcy.
EN
This article concerns Karl Mannheim’s theory of the intelligentsia and its importance for his sociology of knowledge. The terms used by Mannheim are defined in the introductory part of the article. The meaning of the words “intelligentsia” and “intellectuals” are based on diverse sociological theories. The famous concept of a “relatively unattached intelligentsia” derives from the assumption that this social stratum does not participate directly in the struggle between different group consciousnesses (utopias and ideologies). As a result of historical processes it became alienated from society and was thus able to gain a wider understanding of historical truth. In the article, the type of intellectual who is seeking this truth is called a total intellectual, because such a person has the ability to see society as a totality. The concept of totality and its Hegelian sources are also analysed in the paper. Being distanced from the problems of class society is a result of modern education and allows the intellectual to explore the holistic picture of the struggle between different worldviews. However, because of their education, intellectuals are seen as a foreign element in society. This feature of the intelligentsia is discussed in reference to Georg Simmel’s essay “The Stranger.” The final part of the article deals with the problem of the social role of total intellectuals, who should try to become engaged in politics despite their isolated position.
EN
The magnitude of Max Weber’s work is overwhelming. However, with it, comes its great insight into the social reality. Reinhard Bendix has called Weber the magical name of the modern social sciences. Agreeing with this claim, The Author of this article takes on one of the fundamental problems of the social sciences – the problematic concept of rationality. This concept remains a key element of the works of Max Weber. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the intricacies of its definition by the famous German scholar. First comes the analysis of the multiplicity of contexts in which Weber makes the use of the term rationality and the rationalization. Then, after the realization of the impossibility of a precise definition of the rationalization without taking the context into account, the transition to the rationalization of law follows. The look at the division of rationalization of law into various planes on which it can manifest its rationality or irrationality (be it the material or formal aspect) is concluded with the summary, where The Author poses questions about certain issues that require further research.
PL
Skala rozważań Maxa Webera bywa przytłaczająca. Rezultat stanowi jednak źródło znakomitej perspektywy badawczej na rzeczywistość społeczną. Reinhard Bendix nazwał Webera magicznym nazwiskiem współczesnych nauk społecznych. Zgadzając się z tym twierdzeniem, Autor niniejszego artykułu podejmuje się rozważań w zakresie jednego z fundamentalnych problemów nauk społecznych – problematycznej koncepcji racjonalności, stanowiącej kluczowy element prac Maxa Webera. Celem niniejszej pracy będzie analiza zawiłości leżących u podstaw jej definicji. Po pierwsze, zbadana zostanie mnogość kontekstów, w których autor Gospodarki i społeczeństwa posługuje się pojęciem racjonalność i racjonalizacja. Po stwierdzeniu, że właściwie niemożliwe jest precyzyjne zdefiniowanie pojęcia racjonalizacji, bez umieszczenia jej w określonym kontekście, nastąpi przejście do problematyki racjonalizacji prawa. Spojrzenie na typologię racjonalizacji prawa, zgodnie z różnymi płaszczyznami na których system prawa może manifestować swoją racjonalność bądź irracjonalność – w materialnym, czy też formalnym aspekcie. Powyższe zostanie skonkludowane podsumowaniem, w którym Autor zarysowuje wątki winne zbadania w następnej kolejności.
EN
The article takes up an issue of the Humboldt’s idea of university in two perspectives. In the first part of the analysis, in reference to the Max Weber’s lecture Wissenschaft als Beruf, we present the reasons for the failure of the Humboldt’s program due to the changes in the structure and function of the science, which occurred in the 19th century. In the second part, however, we depict the transformation of Humboldt’s program that was carried out by Wilhelm Dilthey. His justifying of humanities (Geisteswissenschaften) has retained, from today’s perspective, its topicality. It can be demonstrated with the aid of investigations of Jürgen Habermas, Eva Illouz and Hans Joas. Dilthey’s solutions, which continue the Humboldtian tradition, can be used to define the role and tasks of the humanities in the contemporary education model based on the idea of lifelong learning.
PL
The article takes up an issue of the Humboldt’s idea of university in two perspectives. In the first part of the analysis, in reference to the Max Weber’s lecture Wissenschaft als Beruf, we present the reasons for the failure of the Humboldt’s program due to the changes in the structure and function of the science, which occurred in the 19th century. In the second part, however, we depict the transformation of Humboldt’s program that was carried out by Wilhelm Dilthey. His justifying of humanities (Geisteswissenschaften) has retained, from today’s perspective, its topicality. It can be demonstrated with the aid of investigations of Jürgen Habermas, Eva Illouz and Hans Joas. Dilthey’s solutions, which continue the Humboldtian tradition, can be used to define the role and tasks of the humanities in the contemporary education model based on the idea of lifelong learning.
13
Content available remote Demoniczne źródła nauk społecznych
51%
PL
Celem niniejszej pracy jest ukazanie represji szatana w myśli Zachodu oraz udowodnienie, że był to proces niezbędny dla rozwoju nauk społecznych. Rozpoczynam od szkicu teorii religii i teologii jako funkcjonalnych systemów kulturowych – opisujących, wyjaśniających i zmieniających rzeczywistość – które operują binarnym kodem Bóg–szatan, tworzącym jednocześnie ich tożsamość. Następnie wskazuję na pięć strategii neutralizacji demonicznego elementu tego kodu: przemilczanie, anestezję, metaforyzację, negację i subwersję, które czynią teologię niefunkcjonalną, a tym samym podatną na instrumentalizację. Przy użyciu tych pojęć śledzę wreszcie neutralizację szatana i dekonstrukcję teologii od chrześcijańskiego neoplatonizmu poprzez scholastykę i tradycję hermetyczną po – co stanowi główną oś mojego wywodu – Machiavellego, Francisa Bacona, Kartezjusza i Hobbesa. Pokazuję przy tym, że żaden z ojców nauk społecznych nie negował istnienia Boga, lecz każdy – na swój własny sposób – neutralizował szatana. Machiavelli czynił to po to, aby zakwestionować teleologiczność poznania (epistemologia), Bacon i Kartezjusz, aby ugruntować metodę naukową (metodologia), a Hobbes – aby wyodrębnić właściwy przedmiot nauki (ontologia). Te operacje były następnie powielane przez kolejne pokolenia myślicieli aż do naszych dni, sprawiając, że początkowe wyparcie demonów samo uległo wyparciu. Naukowcy zapomnieli o tym, że zapomnieli o demonach. Dopiero Max Weber na powrót odkrył demoniczność nauki. Nie doprowadziło to jednak do jej dekonstrukcji, lecz do dalszego rozwoju.
EN
The aim of this paper is both to trace the process of repression of the demonic in history of Western thought as well as to prove that it was necessary for development of social sciences. I start with a theory of religion and theology as functional cultural systems, which employ a binary code God/Satan to describe, explain and change social world. I then go on to show five strategies of neutralization of the demonic: silencing, anesthesia, metaphorization, negation and subversion, which render theology unfunctional and prone to instrumentalization. With the help of these concepts I investigate transformations of theology starting with neo-Platonism through scholasticism and hermetic tradition to Machiavelli, Bacon, Descartes and Hobbes. I show hereby that they did not question existence of God but – each in their own way – neutralized Satan. Machiavelli did it to free science from scholastic teleology (epistemology), Bacon and Descartes to ground scientific method (methodology), and Hobbes to define object of science (ontology). Since then this repression has been repeated time and again by most prominent thinkers of modern era. It is only Max Weber who rediscovered the demonic in social sciences. Surprisingly, this did not bring about deconstruction of social sciences, but to their further development.
EN
In the paper [PR5] it was shown that the so-called special functions of Mathematical Physics can be obtained by means of antilogarithms of the second order for the usual differential operator ^j. The same method applied to a right invertible operator D in a commutative Leibniz algebra with logarithms permits to determine eigenvectors of linear equations of order two in D with coefficients in the algebra X under consideration by a reduction to the generalized Sturm-Liouville operator. It seems that, in a sense, the proposed method is an answer for the question of Gian-Carlo Rota concerning a unified approach to special functions (cf. [Rl], problem 4). Section 6 of the present paper is devoted to some summations formulae expressing special functions by means of exponentials. Note that, in general, we do not need any assumption about the Hilbert structure of the algebra X.
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.